省间电力现货交易机制设计与探索

随着电力市场化改革的逐渐深入和新能源渗透率的快速提升,我国电源结构和电力供需情况正在发生深刻变化,从而对新能源消纳和省间余缺互济提出了更高要求。目前省间余缺互济市场化机制缺失,亟需开展省间电力现货交易,通过市场化手段开展省间余缺互济,促进可再生能源大范围消纳。文章在跨区域省间富余可再生能源现货交易实践基础上,结合电网实际运行需要,进一步扩大交易范围、丰富交易主体、完善交易机制,建立了省间电力现货交易整体框架,设计了市场衔接、竞价出清、多级调度协同运作等关键机制,提出了市场出清模型。最后通过算例分析验证了上述机制的可行性和有效性。可为开展省间电力现货交易提供切实可行的实施路径和技术方案。     

基于深度学习的航拍光伏板红外图像热斑检测方法研究

针对光伏电站光伏板热斑故障难以检测的问题,结合无人机巡检技术,提出一种基于深度卷积神经网络的光伏板热斑快速检测方法。首先设计了光伏板识别模型,将Yolov4主干特征提取网络替换成轻量级网络MobileNetV2,并将PAnet网络中标准3×3卷积替换为深度可分离卷积,实现了将光伏板快速从红外图像中识别出来。为快速识别热斑并解决光伏板反光噪声问题,将MobileNetV2网络引入DeeplabV3+模型中,改进由于下采样造成的目标缺失,并将交叉熵损失函数修改为Dice损失函数来进一步提高分割精度。试验结果表明,该方法能够准确识别光伏板热斑,光伏板识别准确率为99. 56%,检测速度为22. 1帧/秒。光伏板识别后的热斑分割准确度达到95. 99%,交并比mIou达到85. 58,检测速度为24. 5帧/秒,该方法能够满足光伏板故障检测的需要。     

独立储能电站参与电力现货市场机制及试运行分析

随着风光新能源装机容量迅速增长,加快健全储能设施参与电力现货市场交易机制有利于促进新能源消纳。为提高系统调节能力,以山东省独立电储能参与现货市场交易机制为研究对象,提出了独立储能以自调度模式参与现货市场的运行机制。仿真运行数据表明,储能装置参与现货市场对促进新能源消纳和提升电力供应保障能力具有重要作用。     

位置敏感探测器光斑脱靶误差补偿方法研究

为了提高位置敏感探测器(PSD)的位置检测范围,解决光斑在探测器光敏面脱靶时无法准确定位光斑的问题,提出一种光斑脱靶误差补偿方法,分析了脱靶前后PSD检测光斑能量重心变化规律,建立了PSD光强信号与位置检测误差间的函数关系。实验结果表明:当PSD光敏面尺寸为12mm×12mm时,对于半径为5mm的高斯光斑,通过所提出的光斑补偿方案补偿后PSD的X轴检测范围提高了66.7%,位置检测平均相对误差不超过5%,该方法对提高PSD位置检测性能具有重要的意义。     

发用两侧参与调峰的现货市场联合出清模式设计

针对新型电力系统下新能源装机容量大,发电侧调峰资源紧缺,弃风、弃光现象严重的问题,文中设计了一种考虑发用两侧参与调峰的现货市场联合出清模式,将发电侧深度调峰、柔性负荷调峰、新能源消纳与现货市场相结合,充分发掘发用两侧的调峰能力。首先,将独立储能和用户作为用户侧调峰资源,并根据用户是否具有实时跟踪调度指令的能力,将其分为灵活调节用户和非灵活调节用户,在此基础上设计了发用两侧参与调峰的日前市场和实时市场出清模式并建立出清模型。其次,综合考虑各市场主体的贡献和受益程度,设计了调峰辅助服务费用的结算与分摊机制。最后,通过算例验证了所提市场模式对于新能源消纳的有效性和合理性。算例分析中,文中所提市场模式相比仅发电侧参与调峰的模式可降低17.3%的弃风弃光量。     

Theoretical analysis of shunting effect in resistance spot welding (RSW) of AA2219

Shunting effect is the loss of electrical current via the secondary circuit provided due to existence of previous nugget in a series of welding spots. This phenomenon is important for products containing intermittent spots. In this study, a theoretical model is developed for shunting effect in resistance spot welding for aluminum alloy 2219. Welding distance together with welding current and time is included in the model to analyze the shunting effect on final nugget quality. Thermal and electrical interactions are considered in the model as well as geometrical aspects of the process. Temperature dependence of material properties, integration through the whole volume of the nugget and heat-affected zone, and assuming a simple cooling mechanism are the most important modifications designated in the proposed theoretical model. Predicted results of nugget diameter are compatible with experimental and finite element analysis results.     

老字号品牌创新视角下的多形态标志设计研究

目的依托多形态标志系列化、个性化、多维化的设计新理念,解决老字号品牌体系混乱、标志外形同质化、传播媒介单调的问题,助力老字号品牌的持续发展。方法实地调查发现老字号品牌形象设计与推广策略存在的问题,通过理论构建和归纳总结提出老字号品牌中多形态标志的创新应用方案。结论多形态标志为老字号品牌重塑提供了新思路,运用元素重组、系列图形、随机生成等标志设计手段,能解决老字号品牌形象的创新问题。     

6082-T6铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头的疲劳性能的有限元分析

利用有限元分析软件ANSYS模拟了6082-T6铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头在不同载荷作用下的应力场,进而分别运用名义应力法和局部应力-应变法计算得到当前载荷水平下的疲劳寿命。结果表明:在较大的载荷水平下,应力法分析结果与试样实际寿命接近,在较小的载荷水平下,局部应力-应变法分析结果与试样实际寿命接近;试样疲劳寿命随焊点间距的增加而减小。通过分析6082-T6铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊接头疲劳断口形貌,发现疲劳裂纹起裂于焊点根部的热影响区和热力影响区,同时沿上板焊点边缘和下板母材处横向扩展。     

一种同步输出的稀疏树前导零检测电路

为了降低前导零检测电路的延时和提高端口输出的同步性,提出了一种稀疏树前导零检测结构及动态电路的实现方法。通过递归前导零算法表达式定义了两种新的布尔运算逻辑,以构成稀疏树中的结点。精确控制动态电路中预充时钟的偏移量,在抑制电路漏电的同时控制输出端口延时差。该结构能够以最少的逻辑级数和均衡的运算单元负载实现检测前导零功能,对于不同数量的待测信号,通过扩展"点操作"和"块操作"单元互连网络来生成新电路。采用伪随机激励向量验证了电路功能的正确性,大幅缩短了验证时间,在SMIC 40nm工艺下仿真显示,各端口输出延时差小于1ps,数据路径长度可降低20%。     

A study on the effect of polishing fluid volume in ball end magnetorheological finishing process

Ball end magnetorheological finishing is a unique process that utilizes a magnetically controlled ball of polishing fluid at the tip of the rotating tool to finish workpiece of different materials and shapes. The aim of this research is to study the effect of polishing fluid volume on finishing spot size and the surface finish associated with it. A magnetostatic simulation is done to find the variation of flux density in the working gap and on the workpiece surface. The maximum limit of the polishing fluid volume is selected on the basis of area of threshold magnetic flux density (minimum value required for finishing) region on the workpiece surface. The surface characteristics and the diameter of the finished spot are analyzed by varying the fluid volume. The surface obtained with high fluid volume is poorly finished and has scratch marks as the excess fluid flows out from the working gap and forms a thick ring at the periphery of the tool tip. Contrary to this, if the fluid volume is too less, then it merely rotates over the workpiece surface without causing any finishing action. An optimum range of fluid volume produces a good quality surface finish with constant finished spot size.