水力压裂净压力拟合分析解释技术研究与应用

基于三维裂缝延伸模拟模型的水力压裂净压力拟合分析解释技术,提出了净压力拟合分析解释的一般步骤及理论方法,研究了现场监测净压力的计算方法,并介绍了其在现场施工中的应用情况。该技术可以帮助认识地层参数和压裂参数,提高压裂施工成功率和有效率。     

利用地震资料研究ZJD地区泥岩、泥灰岩裂缝的分布规律

从地层的异常孔隙流体压力、局部构造形变、断裂作用等多方面分析了ZJD地区裂缝的成因机理。利用地震资料确立了该区地层层速度与地层压力之间的函数关系。并运用异常孔隙流体压力、地层曲率和相干体等技术对该区裂缝性储层的平面分布规律进行研究，预测了该区主要的裂缝发育区带。     

Fracture Resistance of Ceramics upon Edge Chipping

Modern methods of determining fracture resistance are analyzed. The necessity of developing a crucially new method based on edge chipping of a brittle material is shown. The results of experimental studies are presented. The applicability of the method to the comparative fracture resistance evaluation of ceramics is substantiated.     

Aspects of rapid crack propagation in silicon

Fracture experiments with silicon specimens in recent years have shown the need for a new approach to the analysis of rapidly propagating cracks in single crystals. Behaviour and phenomena have been revealed that fracture in these materials is rather different from the fracture of both amorphous and polycrystalline materials. We show that continuum mechanics is insufficient for analyzing crack propagation in single crystals since it is unable to consider atomistic‐scale phenomena. Accordingly, we describe basic phenomena associated with rapid crack propagation in silicon : (i) anisotropic velocity‐dependent R‐curve behaviour, as a key phenomenon dictating atomistic scale behaviour, (ii) crack deflection from one cleavage plane to another as a mesoscopic scale phenomenon in single‐crystal fracture, (iii) the Rayleigh surface wave speed as the limiting crack tip velocity is re‐examined, (vi) the lowest crack velocity in brittle crystals is examined, and finally (v) the interaction between crack path and preferred cleavage planes in single crystals is depicted.     

Characterization of strength properties of thin polycrystalline silicon films for MEMS applications

The aim of this work is to characterize the strength properties of polycrystalline silicon (polysilicon) with the use of tensile and bending test specimens. The strength of thin polysilicon films with different geometry, size and stress concentrations has been measured and correlated with the effective size of the specimen and its stress distribution. The test results are evaluated using a probabilistic strength approach based on the weakest link theory with the use of STAU software. The use of statistic methods of strength prediction of polysilicon test structures with a complex geometry and loading based on test values for standard material tests specimen has been evaluated.     

A direct estimate of JIc from the load versus load-line displacement record

The purpose of this study is to examine the current standard fracture toughness test procedure to determine if there could be an easier method to get a J_Ic value from the test record. The current method for determining J_Ic involves a detailed computational and construction procedure. The objective in this study is to simplify the analysis for the determination of J_Ic. The results of this study show that the load and displacement record for a fracture toughness test can be used to directly estimate a J_Q value, a provisional value for fracture toughness, J_Ic. The J value taken at the maximum load point can be used along with an adjustment factor to estimate a J_Q value. This J_Q estimate is close to the one obtained from the construction procedure of ASTM Standard E 1820. When a unit‐sized specimen is tested, that is, a specimen with a width of 50 mm and a thickness of 25 mm the maximum load point provides a direct estimate of J_Q. Other sizes require a size adjustment factor, which is simply a square root relationship between the width of the test specimen and a unit width. The proposed new method of estimating J_Q is simple in concept and requires a minimum number of calculations. It appears to produce values of J_Q which are comparable to those obtained from the ASTM E1820 construction procedure and may produce less scatter.     

泡沫酸化工艺对川中低压裂缝性油藏适应性的认识

针对川中油田经过多年的消耗式开采,各主产油田压力很低,增产改造的难度增大的发展现状,提出应用泡沫酸化工艺技术在川中低压油层增产改造的技术方案,其中分析了泡沫酸的物理特性、其在地层优良的渗流特性(滤失小、酸岩反应速度慢、返排迅速等优点),并进行了泡沫酸液体系的室内配方研究,提出了工艺设施的矿场配套研究内容.得出了泡沫酸化工艺对川中低压裂缝性油藏改造具有很强的适应性,具有推广应用的价值.     

朝阳沟裂缝性低渗透油田井网适应性研究

通过对比分析朝阳沟裂缝性低渗透油藏与裂缝主方向分别成11.5°和22.5°的两种不同井网的开发效果,表明与裂缝成11.5°的井网与裂缝匹配性较差,开发效果相对较差。并从油藏的水驱控制程度、压力传导情况、采收率及经济效益等方面研究评价了朝1.55区井网的适应性,为指导油田的加密调整,在技术和经济两方面综合评价确定了合理的井距和井网密度,并针对朝1-55区的地质特征,提出了井网和注水方式调整办法,在朝55区块实施后,取得了较好的现场试验效果。     

连轧机用人字轮齿轴断裂失效分析

用宏观断口分析、化学检验、力学性能测定、低倍检查、金相组织及夹杂物评定鉴别、受力分析及强度寿命定量估算的方法，对人字轮被动齿轴端断裂失效原因进行分析，并提出改进措施。