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81.
A number of molecular beam experiments with the fullerenes are described. Such experiments allow a detailed probing of the interactions between fullerenes and other species and among the fullerenes themselves. Emphasis is placed on work involving photophysics and collisional interactions of the fullerenes. 相似文献
82.
T. Giornelli A. Lfberg L. Guillou S. Paul V. Le Courtois E. Bordes-Richard 《Catalysis Today》2007,128(3-4):201-207
Catalytic wall (structured) reactors and structured supports are suitable to study the catalytic properties of nanosized materials. The coating of metallic (aluminum and stainless steel) plates by thin layers of active phase is presented in two cases, VOx/TiO2 and Co/SiO2, catalysts used in the oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of propane and in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis (FTS) of clean fuels, respectively. The preparation of coated plates and their characterisation by various methods of physicochemical analysis are described. Both chemical and physical methods were used for coating. VOx/TiO2 layers were obtained by grafting of Ti (on Al or stainless-steel plates) and V (on TiO2) alkoxides and use of sol–gel media or suspension. A silica primer was deposited (on stainless-steel plate) by plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition (PACVD) onto which Co oxide and silica were coprecipitated from sol–gel. The catalytic experiments in the respective reactions were carried out in special plate reactors and compared with those of catalytic powders. The study shows that the coating of a metallic substrate by a catalyst is not straightforward and requires specific studies dealing with both chemistry (chemical affinity between substrate and catalytic layers) and catalytic engineering (catalytic performance in taylor-made reactors). 相似文献
83.
This paper deals with the activity of bimetallic potassium–copper and potassium–cobalt catalysts supported on alumina for the reduction of NOx with soot from simulated diesel engine exhaust. The effect of the reaction temperature, the soot/catalyst mass ratio and the presence of C3H6 has been studied. In addition, the behavior of two monometallic catalysts supported on zeolite beta (Co/beta and Cu/beta), previously used for NOx reduction with C3H6, as well as a highly active HC-SCR catalyst (Pt/beta) has been tested for comparison. The preliminary results obtained in the absence of C3H6 indicate that, at temperatures between 250 and 400 °C, the use of bimetallic potassium catalysts notably increases the rate of NOx reduction with soot evolving N2 and CO2 as main reaction products. At higher temperatures, the catalysts mainly favor the direct soot combustion with oxygen. In the presence of C3H6, an increase in the activity for NOx reduction has been observed for the catalyst with the highest metal content. At 450 °C, the copper-based catalysts (Cu/beta and KCu2/Al2O3) show the highest activity for both NOx reduction (to N2 and CO2) and soot consumption. The Pt/beta catalyst does not combine, at any temperature, a high NOx reduction with a high soot consumption rate. 相似文献
84.
Ni-Co双金属催化剂在二氧化碳重整甲烷反应中的催化活性研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用等体积浸渍法制备了Ni/BaTiO3、Co/BaTiO3和Ni-Co/BaTiO3催化剂,并在固定床反应装置上考察了在973~1 073 K这些催化剂对CO2重整CH4反应的催化活性,且采用程序升温还原技术对催化剂进行表征,发现与单金属催化剂相比,Ni-Co/BaTiO3双金属催化剂有更为优越的催化活性。结果表明在Ni-Co/BaTiO3催化剂中Ni和Co之间产生了一定的协同作用。同时研究了不同的制备方法对Ni-Co双金属催化剂催化活性的影响,用溶胶-凝胶法制备的催化剂具有更高的催化活性。 相似文献
85.
Jian Guo Li Fang Jiao HuaTang Yuan Li Qin Wang Hai Xia Li Ming Zhang Yong Mei Wang 《Electrochimica acta》2006,51(28):6275-6280
Layered Li[Ni(1−x)/3Mn(1−x)/3Co(1−x)/3Crx]O2 materials with x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05 are prepared by a solid-state pyrolysis method. The oxide compounds were calcined with various Cr-doped contents, which result in greater difference in morphological (shape, particle size and specific surface area) and the electrochemical (first charge profile, reversible capacity and rate capability) differences. The Li[Ni(1−x)/3Mn(1−x)/3Co(1−x)/3Crx]O2 powders were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), charge/discharge cycling, cyclic voltammetry, and SEM. XRD experiment revealed that the Li[Ni(1−x)/3Mn(1−x)/3Co(1−x)/3Crx]O2 (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.05) were crystallized to well layered -NaFeO2 structure. The first specific discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency of the electrode of Cr-doped materials were higher than that of pristine material. When x = 0.02, the sample showed the highest first discharge capacity of 241.9 mAh g−1 at a current density of 30 mA g−1 in the voltage range 2.3–4.6 V, and the Cr-doped samples exhibited higher discharge capacity and better cycleability under medium and high current densities at room temperature. 相似文献
86.
In order to improve the solubility of C60 fullerene in conventional solvents, grafting of hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) by utilizing the radical-trapping nature of C60 fullerene was investigated. Macroazo initiators containing a poly(ethylene oxide) unit, known as Azo-PEO, were prepared at various molecular weights by the reaction of 4,4′-azobis(4-cyanopentanoyl chloride) with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether. PEO radicals formed by thermal decomposition of Azo-PEO were successfully trapped by C60 fullerene to give PEO-grafted C60 fullerene. Their structures were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, UV-vis spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry. When Azo-PEO with low-molecular weight was reacted with C60 fullerene, a bis-adduct, C60-(PEO)2, and a tetrakis-adduct, C60-(PEO)4, were formed. In contrast, in reactions with Azo-PEO of higher molecular weight, only the bis-adduct was formed, and no formation of the tetrakis-adduct was observed. The structure of bis-adduct was found to be 1,4-type. The solubility of C60 fullerene in water, THF, methanol, and other conventional organic solvents was remarkably improved by grafting of PEO. In addition, the thermal stability of PEO was dramatically increased by grafting onto C60 fullerene. 相似文献
87.
[60]Fullerene (C60) was mono-substituted with well-defined poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA-b-C60) using the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) technique. The self-assembly behaviors of PMMA-b-C60 in ethyl acetate (EA) and decalin mixtures were studied using laser light scattering (LLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Homogeneous solutions of PMMA-b-C60 can be obtained in the solvent mixtures containing more than 40 wt% EA, where the molar ratio of decalin to EA is close to 1. For each solvent mixture, unimers coexist with micelles and large aggregates. The sizes of PMMA-b-C60 micelles and aggregates are independent of polymer concentration, confirming that they are produced via the closed association mechanism. For the various solvent mixtures, the weight-averaged molecular weights, Mw of the PMMA-b-C60 aggregates range from 4.1×107 to 12.5×107 g/mol. The hydrodynamic radii of the large aggregate, Rh, vary from 90 to 136 nm, while the z-averaged radii of gyration, Rg, range from 210 to 311 nm. The Rg/Rh value for each solvent mixture is ∼2.3, which is independent of decalin contents in the mixed solvents. The morphological study using the transmission electron microscope suggests that the large aggregates are composed of porous large compound micelles (LCM) in solution. 相似文献
88.
根据文献合成了联苯二甲酸,并通过水热法制备了Co(C14H8O4)(C12H12N2)暗紫色的微晶粉体。通过元素分析、IR等方法对配合物进行了表征,并通过TG分析对该配合物的热稳定性及热分解机理做了初步探讨。 相似文献
89.
采用刚粘塑性有限元理论,分别用2mm/s、3mm/s、4mm/s、5mm/s的挤压速度,对ZK60镁合金棒材的挤压过程进行了数值模拟,观察棒材挤压过程中金属流动情况,并分析了挤压变形时工件内部的温度变化情况,以及应力、应变分布规律.以模拟出的挤压件流出模孔时等效应力应变的分布规律,确定该棒材挤压的最佳工艺参数. 相似文献
90.
李明齐 《吉林化工学院学报》2010,27(2):10-13
采用两步高能球磨法制备了一种新的锂离子电池硅基复合负极材料Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS.用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)表征了材料的组成和形貌结构.电化学测试表明,Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS作锂离子电池负极材料有较好的电化学性能:首次可逆容量为561 mAh.g-1,50个循环后,可逆容量的保持率为91%.Si1.81Co0.6Cr0.6Zn0.2/MGS循环性能的改善归因于电极结构在循环过程中的稳定性. 相似文献