全文获取类型
收费全文 | 28495篇 |
免费 | 2397篇 |
国内免费 | 2126篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 3028篇 |
综合类 | 2093篇 |
化学工业 | 1736篇 |
金属工艺 | 1253篇 |
机械仪表 | 2982篇 |
建筑科学 | 1112篇 |
矿业工程 | 575篇 |
能源动力 | 1210篇 |
轻工业 | 433篇 |
水利工程 | 269篇 |
石油天然气 | 399篇 |
武器工业 | 299篇 |
无线电 | 3611篇 |
一般工业技术 | 2134篇 |
冶金工业 | 913篇 |
原子能技术 | 309篇 |
自动化技术 | 10662篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 68篇 |
2023年 | 365篇 |
2022年 | 493篇 |
2021年 | 627篇 |
2020年 | 709篇 |
2019年 | 721篇 |
2018年 | 671篇 |
2017年 | 940篇 |
2016年 | 1048篇 |
2015年 | 1173篇 |
2014年 | 1621篇 |
2013年 | 1942篇 |
2012年 | 1777篇 |
2011年 | 2220篇 |
2010年 | 1581篇 |
2009年 | 1750篇 |
2008年 | 1813篇 |
2007年 | 1985篇 |
2006年 | 1673篇 |
2005年 | 1611篇 |
2004年 | 1331篇 |
2003年 | 1157篇 |
2002年 | 907篇 |
2001年 | 754篇 |
2000年 | 678篇 |
1999年 | 568篇 |
1998年 | 497篇 |
1997年 | 429篇 |
1996年 | 332篇 |
1995年 | 268篇 |
1994年 | 263篇 |
1993年 | 232篇 |
1992年 | 173篇 |
1991年 | 128篇 |
1990年 | 110篇 |
1989年 | 74篇 |
1988年 | 66篇 |
1987年 | 41篇 |
1986年 | 29篇 |
1985年 | 25篇 |
1984年 | 36篇 |
1983年 | 30篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 9篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1964年 | 5篇 |
1959年 | 5篇 |
1958年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Dynamic vulcanisation of EPDM/PE-based thermoplastic vulcanisates studied along the extruder axis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Simple blending and dynamic vulcanisation of EPDM/PE blends using the resol/SnCl2 system was studied in an extruder using a series of sampling devices. The melting of the PE pellets occurs just in front of and in the first kneading zone. Upon complete melting of the PE phase, the EPDM/PE blends reach very quickly their final morphology. Crosslinking of the EPDM phase to high levels occurs already when the PE phase is not yet fully molten. The higher the EPDM content, the higher the viscous dissipation, the higher the melt temperature and, consequently, the higher the crosslinking rate. For the EPDM/PE (50/50; w/w) TPV a transition from continuous via co-continuous to fully dispersed EPDM is observed, which is driven by crosslinking. Although the degree of crosslinking of the EPDM rubber is very high, this does not prevent phase inversion of the blend. The EPDM/PE interface is rather blurred, because PE crystalline lamellae are growing into the EPDM domains, probably because of the high compatibility between PE and EPDM (60 wt% of ethene). This study shows that dynamic vulcanisation in extruders proceeds quite differently from that in batch kneaders, where melting, mixing and crosslinking are separated in time. In extruders mass and heat transport, melting of the thermoplastic, morphology development (including dispersion and phase inversion), distribution and dissolution of (crosslinking) chemicals and crosslinking of the rubber do not occur as independent phenomena, but mutually and/or continuously interact. 相似文献
52.
53.
This paper considers time-varying uncertain constrained systems, and develops a method for computing a probabilistic output admissible (POA) set. This set consists of the initial states probabilistically assured to satisfy the constraint. The time-invariant counterpart has already been investigated in Hatanaka and Takaba [Computations of probabilistic output admissible set for uncertain constrained systems, Automatica 44 (2) (2008), to appear]. We first define the POA set for time-varying uncertainties with finite dimensional probability space. Then, we show that an algorithm similar to Hatanaka and Takaba [Computations of probabilistic output admissible set for uncertain constrained systems, Automatica 44 (2) (2008), to appear] provides the POA set also in the time-varying case, as long as an upper bound of a what we call future output admissibility (FOA) index is available. We moreover present two methods for computing the upper bound of the FOA index: probabilistic and deterministic methods. A numerical simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of our algorithm. 相似文献
54.
55.
In polyolefin processes the melt index (MI) is the most important control variable indicating product quality. Because of
the difficulty in the on-line measurement of MI, a lot of MI estimation and correlation methods have been proposed. In this
work a new dynamic MI estimation scheme is developed based on system identification techniques. The empirical MI estimation
equation proposed in the present study is derived from the 1
st
-order dynamic models. Effectiveness of the present estimation scheme was illustrated by numerical simulations based on plant
operation data including grade change operations in high density polyethylene (HDPE) processes. From the comparisons with
other estimation methods it was found that the proposed estimation scheme showed better performance in MI predictions. The
virtual sensor model developed based on the estimation scheme was combined with the virtual on-line analyzer (VOA) to give
a quality control system to be implemented in the actual HDPE plant. From the application of the present control system, significant
reduction of transition time and the amount of off-spec during grade changes was achieved 相似文献
56.
In this paper, we present a general method to calculate the inverse and direct dynamic models of parallel robots. The models
are expressed in a closed form by a single equation in which all the elements needed are expressed. The solution is given
in terms of the dynamic models of the legs, the dynamics of the platform and some Jacobian matrices. The proposed method is
applied in this paper on two parallel robots with different structures.
Categories (2), (3). 相似文献
57.
The paper is devoted to the first order delayed linear system with relay output controlled by the proportional-integral (PI) regulator. The deterministic system exhibits stable oscillations, and, since the system itself is stable, it can be suitable to switch off the controller if there are no disturbances during a long time interval. In the present work, the random disturbances are modelled by a Poisson stream of impulses, and the goal is to determine the instants of switching on (off) of the PI controller. After several assumptions and quantization of the time axis, we construct the new optimal control problem which is successfully solved with the help of the dynamic programming approach. 相似文献
58.
In this work, we study dynamic provisioning of multicast sessions in a wavelength-routed sparse splitting capable WDM network
with an arbitrary mesh topology where the network consists of nodes with full, partial, or no wavelength conversion capabilities
and a node can be a tap-and-continue (TaC) node or a splitting and delivery (SaD) node. The objectives are to minimize the
network resources in terms of wavelength-links used by each session and to reduce the multicast session blocking probability.
The problem is to route the multicast session from each source to the members of every multicast session, and to assign an
appropriate wavelength to each link used by the session. We propose an efficient online algorithm for dynamic multicast session
provisioning. To evaluate the proposed algorithm, we apply the integer linear programming (ILP) optimization tool on a per
multicast session basis to solve off-line the optimal routing and wavelength assignment given a multicast session and the
current network topology as well as its residual network resource information. We formulate the per session multicast routing
and wavelength assignment problem as an ILP. With this ILP formulation, the multicast session blocking probability or success
probability can then be estimated based on solving a series of ILPs off-line. We have evaluated the effectiveness of the proposed
online algorithm via simulation in terms of session blocking probability and network resources used by a session. Simulation
results indicate that our proposed computationally efficient online algorithm performs well even when a fraction of the nodes
are SaD nodes. 相似文献
59.
This paper presents the result of a study on the effect of pounding at expansion joints on concrete bridge response to earthquake ground motions. An engineering approach, rather than continuum mechanics approach, is emphasized. First, the dynamic behavior of a damped multidegree-of-freedom bridge system separated by an expansion joint involving an impact is examined by means of the finite element method. Second, the sensitivity analysis of the stiffness in gap elements is performed. Third, usefulness of the analysis method for simulation of pounding phenomena is demonstrated and the effect of pounding on the ductility demands measured in terms of the rotation of column ends is investigated. Two-dimensional finite element analysis using a bilinear hysterestic model for bridge substructure joints and a nonlinear gap element for the expansion joint is performed on a realistic bridge with an expansion joint. The effects of the primary factors on the ductility demand such as gap sizes and characteristics of earthquake ground motion are investigated through a parametric study. The major conclusions are (1) the effect of impact most directly depends on the size of momentum (or pounding magnitude); and (2) the pounding effect is generally found to be negligible on the ductility demand for wide practical ranges of gap size and peak ground acceleration, but is potentially significant at the locations of impact. 相似文献
60.
Software plays an increasingly important role in modern safety-critical systems. Although, research has been done to integrate software into the classical probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) framework, current PRA practice overwhelmingly neglects the contribution of software to system risk. Dynamic probabilistic risk assessment (DPRA) is considered to be the next generation of PRA techniques. DPRA is a set of methods and techniques in which simulation models that represent the behavior of the elements of a system are exercised in order to identify risks and vulnerabilities of the system. The fact remains, however, that modeling software for use in the DPRA framework is also quite complex and very little has been done to address the question directly and comprehensively. This paper develops a methodology to integrate software contributions in the DPRA environment. The framework includes a software representation, and an approach to incorporate the software representation into the DPRA environment SimPRA. The software representation is based on multi-level objects and the paper also proposes a framework to simulate the multi-level objects in the simulation-based DPRA environment. This is a new methodology to address the state explosion problem in the DPRA environment. This study is the first systematic effort to integrate software risk contributions into DPRA environments. 相似文献