UV stability of polymeric binder films used in waterborne facade paints

The UV-stability study of four polymeric binders for water-borne paints, based on acrylic, styrene-acrylic, vinyl acetate and vinyl acetate-butyl acrylate (co)polymers is described. To the best of our knowledge the UV stability of this set of binders relevant to decorative industry is systematically compared for the first time. Thin films obtained from the respective latexes were irradiated with UV light (λ ≥ 275 nm) and analysed using electrokinetic potential (ζ-potential), FTIR ATR spectroscopy, SEM microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The films obtained from different latexes displayed distinct changes in their surface composition and response to UV-irradiation. Among the studied compositions, the vinyl acetate-based ones seem to be the least prone to UV-degradation in the absence of other components typically present in paint formulations. The analytical techniques employed in this study are shown to be complementary and provide information on different regions of the surface layer, depending on their effective probing depth. Especially, a combination of FTIR and ζ-potential measurements is shown useful to clarify the nature of the carbonyl groups formed during photodegradation.     

Facade flame height ejected from an opening of fire compartment under external wind

This paper presents an experimental study and analysis on the facade flame height ejected from an opening of fire compartment under external wind. Experiments are carried out in a reduced-scale model consisting of a cubic fire compartment with a vertical facade wall. An opening is designed at the center of one sidewall of the fire compartment at the facade side and subjected to external wind (normal to the opening) provided by a wind tunnel. The facade flame heights are measured by a CCD camera for five different openings at various fuel supply heat release rates and wind speeds. It is found that the facade flame height decreases with increasing external wind speed. A scaling analysis is performed to interpret this behavior based on the change of air entrainment into the flame from both the facing-facade and parallel-facade directions caused by the external wind flow. A global model incorporating the external wind speed, the two characteristic length scales of the opening as well as the dimensionless excess heat release rate is developed for describing the facade flame height of various conditions. The proposed model correlates the experimental data well.     

当代体育建筑表皮设计的生态化初探——以大连体育中心网球场为例

本文从表皮设计的生态内涵到手法分类,系统阐述生态对体育建筑表皮设计的意义,并结合大连体育中心网球场设计方案,探讨生态概念在实践中的应用和体现,从环境、形象、功能三方面阐述表皮的生态作用,以期对今后体育建筑的表皮研究有所启示。     

巴黎老城区临街建筑外轮廓控制法规历史沿革的启示

巴黎很早就在城市建设中引入城市建筑法规并严格遵循,作为其中代表的临街建筑外轮廓控制法规,在不同历史时期虽曾有过若干变更,但保持了较长周期的稳定性,变化也体现出延续性。巴黎老城和谐统一的城市公共空间,正是相关法规长期作用的结果。本文对此法规的历史沿革进行研究,希望有助于我国城市更新的可持续发展。     

基于Facade模式的业务逻辑层框架设计

设计应用程序框架能使应用程序的开发对于一般的设计问题都可以直接利用现成的解决方法，避免了系统开发始终在低层次的不断重复，本文详细设计了以外观模式（Facade）为接口的业务逻辑层框架，讨论了使用Fa？ade模式设计业务逻辑层组件的优点，并对业务逻辑层组件进行了进一步扩展的设计。     

某装备状态监测与故障预测系统总体设计

首先陈述了系统设计的背景、系统的需求。然后分析系统的组成边界、以及系统中的主要场景等,从而得出仿真系统的总体轮廓。然后重点说明系统的体系结构设计和采用的体制模式,以及最终如何实现该系统,并给出关键类、关键过程的实例。最后简要说明系统的演化和维护问题。     

高层建筑外围护系统设计浅析

本文以中央电视台新址办公楼外围护系统的设计与建造为切入点,从建筑与环境的关系、外围护与建筑本质的关系、外围护技术与构造三个不同角度探讨我国高层建筑外围护系统设计。     

建筑设计中平面的角色

该文针对目前部分建筑师在设计中过分重视建筑立面、造型，而忽视平面的设计这一现象，运用大量实例分析证明，同除了在组织建筑内部的功能方面至关重要外，它与建筑环境、立面、造型、空间等要素关键密切，因而在建筑设计中是不容忽视的。同时该文也通过分析当代社会和文化艺术的发展与特性，阐明了产生上述现象的根本原因。     

空间精神性的创造 ——从萨尔克生物研究所的中庭广场说起

有些建筑总会在记忆中定格成为 某种特定的场景,就像路易斯·康设计的萨 尔克生物研究所。整个建筑群如同雅典卫 城一样踞于西向临海的悬崖之上,其中最 为感人至深的空间是位于两组对称的研究 塔楼之间的中庭广场。这个空间因其宁静旷 远而具有打动人心的力量,某种可以称之为 “永恒”的东西蕴含其中,使得一处空间场 景具有了超越物质的精神性。这处没有任何 装饰的广场如何创造出空间的精神性,成为 本文分析的缘起。本文从一处空间的深入 解读,通过案例的比较分析,探索创造空间 精神性的方法。中心对称的空间仪式感、空 间引导的指向性、对生活现实的屏蔽以及朝 向天空的立面成为具有相似构成的空间赋予 精神性的方法。     

剖面之后 建筑中似是而非的内在逻辑

建筑内部与外部的不一致使其呈现出似是而非的特质。文章选取了三个典型的案例进行分析,并且以不同的方式来剖切建筑模型以阅读其中复杂的关系,揭示剖面之后建筑中的内在逻辑。