Best value concessionaire selection through a fuzzy logic system

Best value is the ultimate goal in the development of infrastructure projects through public private partnerships. This necessitates a best value approach in selecting the right private partner (i.e., the concessionaire) that involves evaluating alternative concessionaires against multiple conflicting criteria of varying degrees of importance and uncertainty. Correspondingly, this paper has developed a quantitative best value concessionaire selection system. The essence of this system lies in (1) the establishment of four-package evaluation criteria that can effectively measure the concessionaire’s capability and “predict” its future performance toward achieving the government’s best value objectives and (2) the development of a fuzzy-composite scoring and ranking method that ensures the right “tradeoff” between these criteria by relatively weighting fuzzy scores and logically aggregating evaluation results. This system would not only provide the government integrated assessments of alternative concessionaires so as to award the contract to the right concessionaire whose proposal is perceived to be able to maximize the outcome of the project, but also satisfy the requirements of the legal decision in order to withstand legal challenges concerning the public contract awarded in a best value approach. A hypothetical case study is provided to demonstrate the application of this best value concessionaire selection system.     

Development of ergonomic posture recognition technique based on 2D ordinary camera for construction hazard prevention through view-invariant features in 2D skeleton motion

Outdoor tasks operated by construction workers are physically demanding, requiring awkward postures leading to pain, injury, accident, or permanent disability. Ergonomic posture recognition (EPR) technique could be a novel solution for ergonomic hazard monitoring and assessment, yet non-intrusiveness and applicability in complex outdoor environment are always critical considerations for device selection in construction site. Thus, we choose RGB camera to capture skeleton motions, which is non-intrusive for workers compared with wearable sensors. It is also stable and widely used in an outdoor construction site considering various light conditions and complex working areas. This study aims to develop an ergonomic posture recognition technique based on 2D ordinary camera for construction hazard prevention through view-invariant features in 2D skeleton motion. Based on captured 2D skeleton motion samples in the test-run, view-invariant features as classifier inputs were extracted to ensure the learned classifier not sensitive to various camera viewpoints and distances to a worker. Three posture classifiers regarding human back, arms, and legs were employed to ensure three postures to be recognized simultaneously in one video frame. The average accuracies of three classifiers in 5-fold cross validation were as high as 95.0%, 96.5%, and 97.6%, respectively, and the overall accuracies tested by three new activities regarding ergonomic assessment scores captured from different camera heights and viewpoints were 89.2%, 88.3%, and 87.6%, respectively. The developed EPR-aided construction accident auto-prevention technique demonstrated robust accuracy to support on-site postural ergonomic assessment for construction workers’ safety and health assurance.     

数字湖南农业信息化建设关键策略探索

本文针对湖南省作为国家农村农业信息化试点省份的建设需求为导向,以湖南农业农村信息化项目实施过程中多次基层调研分析为基础,阐述新农村建设在数字湖南中的重要地位,提出以农村政务、医务、商务、物联网应用为纵,农业云服务平台为横,把农村的社会管理、农村电子商务、农村医疗服务、农业物联网等经过资源整合,以互联网的方式构建一个为“三农”提供政务、医务、商务、物联网服务于一体的“四纵一横”综合平台,解决农村基层社会管理、农村民生服务问题,推进湖南的数字化新农村建设。     

Evaluation of the effect of a paver’s trolley on productivity, task demands, workload and local discomfort

The objective of this study was to determine the differences in the number of paving stones laid (productivity), task demands, energetic workload, body region discomfort and preference when laying paving stones with or without use of a paver’s trolley (n = 8) in a within-subject controlled study of pavers. The number of paving stones laid and the task demands were measured by means of systematic observations at the workplace. The energetic workload was determined using the percentage of heart rate reserve (%HRR). Body region discomfort was measured using visual analog scales, and the workers’ preference was ascertained via interview. The use of a paver’s trolley had no effect on productivity, %HRR or body region discomfort compared to working without a paver’s trolley. The duration of knee-straining activities did not differ between working with (141 min) and without (146 min) the paver’s trolley. However, six of the eight pavers indicated that, given suitable circumstances, they wanted to use the paver’s trolley.

Relevance to industry

To reduce the chance of work-related low back and knee complaints among pavers, the duration, frequency and intensity of lower back and knee-straining activities should be limited by means of technical measures such as mechanical paving. The paver’s trolley does not appear to reduce knee-straining activities and therefore does not appear useful in reducing the risk of knee complaints and disorders.     

一种低压高精度CMOS带隙基准

设计了一种改进的带隙基准电压源,通过采用分段电流补偿的方法,实现了低压高精度供电。研究基于TSMC 0.35μm CMOS 3V工艺基础,重点考虑主要工作温度区域输出电压随温度变化的精度问题。仿真结果表明,该电路可提供低至500mV的低压,实现了高阶电流补偿,在-40℃～+100℃温度范围内其温漂系数仅为3.7ppm/℃,在芯片主要工作温度范围内,输出基准电压最大偏差小于8μV,低频时电源抑制比为-70dB。     

任务驱动法在JAVA程序设计课程中的应用

在《Java程序设计》课程教学中,以激发学生学习兴趣为前提,提高学生的自主学习能力为目标,引导学生积极主动参与学习,成为真正的学习主体,最终使学生将知识转化为能力是现代高教改革的主流。那么,与该理念相适应的教学方法就显得特别重要。将任务驱动法应用于该课程可以很好地调动学生的学习积极性,实践表明学生的程序设计能力得到极大的提高。     

Effects of training to implement new tools and working methods to reduce knee load in floor layers

The purpose was to measure the effect of a participatory ergonomics implementation strategy consisting of information, education, and facilitation on the use of new tools and working methods in the floor laying trade. Floor layers (n=292) were trained in using new working methods. The effects were evaluated by using questionnaires, interviews, and assessments of quality and productivity. Following the training, 43% had used the new working methods weekly/daily compared to 11% before. There was a reduction in the degree of self-reported pain in the knees among the floor layers using the new working methods weekly or daily compared to those using them never or occasionally. The musculoskeletal complaints did not increase from any other region and the quality and the productivity of the work were not decreased. This indicates that within a 3-months perspective the implementation strategy succeeded.     

可共享的,跨平台的网络数字图像处理技术

本文对Internet上进行数字图像处理的技术做了深入的研究,并在技术上采用了现今比较流行的webB/S架构和JAVA语言,从而构造出了一个比较完整的在线网络图像处理模式。最后采用了SUN公司推出的struts轻量级构架编写一个数字图像处理的软件包,名为“myapp”,并附带在tomcat服务器上的“webapp”文件夹下,用户只要启动该服务器,即可登录“http://localhost:8080/myapp/Param/picture.jsp”进行数字图像处理了。注意,这里的tomcat服务器只做本地机器测试用途,也可将工程文件“myapp”导入大型服务器(如weblogic等),进行全网络共享。     

EPS保温砂浆的性能与施工

本文比较了不同容重的EPS保温砂浆和膨胀珍珠岩砂浆的基本性能 ,提出了不同容重EPS保温砂浆的配方及其施工方法。工程应用表明 ,EPS保温砂浆完全可用于外墙外保温     

南水北调丹江口加高工程施工栈桥结构模态分析

振动模态分析是桥梁结构设计的重要步骤。利用大型有限元软件ANSYS,对南水北调丹江口大坝加高工程38号-25号坝后架设的临时施工运输栈桥结构进行模态分析,计算了栈桥结构的前八阶固有频率与主振型。研究认为,当受到外部激励的频率与固有频率接近时,有可能产生共振,从而严重损害栈桥结构;栈桥第4、5、6、8跨是其薄弱环节,使用过程中应避免同频率的车辆在上面停留。研究结果为栈桥结构的动力学设计提供了重要依据,也可为其他同类型的结构设计提供参考。