基于车联网应用的云平台任务调度算法

在云平台车联网优化调度问题的研究中,车联网具有多用户、多业务、高并发等特点.为了保障车联网应用在云平台上快速、稳定和可靠的运行,在云计算的基础上,提出一种基于车联网应用的MCT-LB-GSA(Minimum Completion Time-Load Balance-Greedy Scheduling Algorithm)任务调度算法.算法以虚拟机资源的当前负载作为约束条件,依照贪心策略将任务调度到当前负载较轻且具有最小任务完成时间上的虚拟机资源上.在CloudSim环境下进行了仿真,结果表明,改进算法在保证最优任务调度跨度的同时也有效地实现了资源负载均衡,提高了资源利用率.     

Energetic surface heterogeneity of nanocrystalline TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> films for dye-sensitized solar cells

Dye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been receiving significant attention because they have many advantages compared to conventional organic solar cells. It has been known that the photovoltaic characteristics of DSSC are highly dependent on the adsorption properties of dyes on TiO₂ films. To analyze the surface heterogeneity of TiO₂ surfaces, single-phase anatase nanocrystallite titanium films were prepared by sol-gel method using the hydrolysis reaction of titanium tetraisopropoxide under acidic condition and characterized by XRD, FE-SEM and BET analysis. The adsorption energy distribution functions were calculated by the generalized nonlinear regularization method. It was found that the shape and the intensity of the adsorption energy distribution curve determined were highly related with the physical properties (i.e., geometrical heterogeneity) and chemical characteristics (i.e., energetic heterogeneity) of nanocrystalline TiO₂ for DSSC.     

Ozonation of Humic Substances: Effects on Molecular Weight Distributions of Organic Carbon and Trihalomethane Formation Potential

Four different sources of humic substances were studied to determine the effects of ozonation on molecular weight-distributions, based on dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP). Solutions of two soil-derived fulvic acids and a one soil-derived humic acid, as well as dissolved organic matter (DOM) associated with a natural water source were studied. Both gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and ultrafiltration (UF) were employed to define apparent molecular weight (AMW). Applied ozone doses ranged from 2.0 to 2.5 mg O₃/mg DOC. Overall samples of untreated and ozonated waters, as well as individual molecular weight fractions, were characterized according to DOC, UV absorbance, and THMFP. Ozonation resulted in a significant disappearance of higher AMW material with a corresponding increase in lower AMW material. Although little overall reduction in DOC concentration was observed, significant overall reductions in UV absorbance and THMFP levels were observed.     

Decreasing trends in total suspended solids and cumulative effects of nonpoint source projects in the Cuyahoga River Watershed,OH

Using the US EPA’s Grants Reporting and Tracking System (GRTS), we test if completion of best management practices (BMPs) through the Clean Water Act Section (4)319 National Nonpoint Source Program was associated with a decreasing trend in total suspended solids (TSS) load (metric tons/year). The study area chosen had 21 completed projects in the Cuyahoga River watershed in northeastern Ohio from 2000 to 2018. The 4319 projects ranged from dam removal, floodplain/wetland restoration to stormwater projects. There was an overall decreasing trend in TSS loads. We identified three phases of project implementation and completion, where phase 1 had ongoing projects, but none completed (2000–2004). The steepest decrease in loads, identified as phase 2 (2005–2011), was associated with completion of low-head dam modification and removal projects on the mainstem of the Cuyahoga River. A likely decreasing trend was associated with projects completed in the tributaries, such as natural channel design restoration and stormwater green infrastructure (phase 3). Pairing sediment reduction estimates from projects with the river’s flow normalized TSS loading trend, we estimated that the 4319 effort may account for a small fraction of the TSS load reduction. Other stream restoration projects (non-4319) have also been done in the Cuyahoga watershed by other organizations. However, trying to compile these other projects is challenging in larger watersheds having multiple municipalities, agencies, and nonprofits doing restoration without better coordinated record keeping and monitoring. While a decreasing trend in a pollutant load is a desirable water quality outcome, determining what contributed to that trend remains difficult.     

基于无监督域适应的可区分联合匹配算法

当域之间差异较大时,域适应的迁移效果较差.缩小域差可改善迁移效果,但却忽略后期分类时的可区分性.因此,文中提出基于无监督域适应的可区分联合匹配算法,根据域间类别的不同进行差异化处理,并结合特征匹配和实例重加权提高迁移效果.使用联合概率分布作为域之间数据分布差异的度量,缩小相同类域之间的距离,提高迁移性;扩大不同类域之间的距离,提高区分性.在特征降维的过程中联合特征匹配和实例重加权,共同构造特征变换矩阵.实验表明,文中算法在18组任务上的分类效果较优.     

重量载荷对片层质量检测系统精度影响研究

基于虚拟切片三维数字化无损测量方法具有测量精度高、成本低、数据测量与处理快、可测量物体内部轮廓等特点,由于测量质量精度高,其测量装置中精密片层质量检测系统精度是研究的关键技术之一,直接影响微小单元体质量的计算精度,而重量载荷则是片层质量检测系统精度的主要影响因素。通过片层质量计算推导过程与工程力学有限元分析,量化重量载荷变化对片层质量误差的影响,并研究可行有效的误差补偿方法,最后通过验证实验证明该误差补偿方法具有可靠性。     

Vertical load capacities of roof truss cross members

Trusses used for roof support in coal mines are constructed of two grouted bolts installed at opposing forty-five degree angles into the roof and a cross member that ties the angled bolts together. The load on the cross member is vertical, which is transverse to the longitudinal axis, and therefore the cross member is loaded in the weakest direction. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the vertical load capacity and deflection of three different types of cross members. Single-point load tests, with the load applied in the center of the specimen and double-point load tests, with a span of 2.4 m, were conducted. For the single-point load configuration, the yield of the 25 mm solid bar cross member was nominally 98 kN of vertical load, achieved at 42 cm of deflection. For cable cross members, yield was not achieved even after 45 cm of deflection. Peak vertical loads were about 89 kN for 17 mm cables and67 kN for the 15 mm cables. For the double-point load configurations, the 25 mm solid bar cross members yielded at 150 kN of vertical load and 25 cm of deflection. At 25 cm of deflection individual cable strands started breaking at 133 and 111 kN of vertical load for the 17 and 15 mm cable cross members respectively.     

分布式电源在配电网中布点规划研究

为了满足我国经济高速发展的需求,在己建中央电站及电网的基础上,大力发展分布式发电技术将是电力系统未来发展的必然趋势。但是,大量分布式电源的渗入也使得配电网在规划和运行方面要面临比以往更多的不确定性因素。在总结国内外研究成果的基础上,在含分布式发电的配电网规划中,对分布式电源的布点规划问题进行研究。这里首先对分布式发电技术进行了概念性的介绍,并系统地分析了分布式电源接入配电网后在规划和运行方面可能带来的影响;建立了以配电网最小网络损耗为目标函数的经济性模型,应用遗传算法对分布式电源的位置和容量进行优化,对遗传过程中生成的每个分布式电源位置和容量方案个体,考虑分布式电源对配电网潮流和线路负载能力的影响;最后通过IEEE33节点算例验证了所提方法能够得到较合理的分布式电源接入位置和容量的方案。     

混沌理论在电力系统负荷预测中应用综述

电力系统负荷的准确预测,对电力系统安全、高效运行有重要作用。负荷存在混沌特性,而基于混沌理论的预测较好地刻画了负荷物理属性,预测精度高。并主要介绍了混沌理论在负荷预测中的应用。首先,概述了基于混沌理论预测的机理,介绍了几种混沌特性判别的方法。然后,介绍了几种预测模型。最后,对现有预测模型总结和展望。     

三维激光扫描点位误差源分析

目前对三维激光扫描的分析主要停留在误差模型的建立上,没有对三维激光扫描仪的特点及其所受的误差进行分析,而三维激光扫描仪的系统误差和偶然误差都将会对整个误差模型的建立产生影响,点位误差源的准确分析是点位准确建立点位误差模型的基础。基于此,本文对三维激光扫描仪的点位误差源进行了分析,得到了不同误差源的误差模型,并给出了不同条件可能对激光扫描仪误差影响的大小。