汽车轮胎胎面磨损程度检测系统

汽车轮胎的安全性直接关乎交通安全和乘客的出行安全, 轮胎异常磨损容易导致爆胎, 严重磨损的轮胎时刻威胁着乘客的生命安全, 汽车在道路上飞驰的过程中主要磨损的是轮胎的胎面, 因此实现自动化的轮胎磨损检测很有必要. 本研究借助Visual Studio 2017开发平台, 采用C++编程, 使用OpenCV计算机视觉库的API接口结合自主编程的处理顺序, 实现了对轮胎图像的自动采集传输和处理分析, 该系统能精准提取轮胎胎面图像, 并通过分析胎面图像的灰度共生矩阵的特征值判定轮胎的磨损程度, 实现了针对轮胎胎面磨损的自动化检测系统.     

Convolutional neural networks recognition algorithm based on PCA

To improve the insufficiency of Synthetic Aperture Radar(SAR) labeled training data for Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) and the recognition rate for large variations, a novel CNN recognition algorithm is proposed. Firstly, a set of features is extracted from the original data by unsupervised training based on PCA as the initial filter set for CNN. Secondly, in order to accelerate the training speed while avoiding over-fitting, the Rectified Linear Units(ReLU) is adopted as the non-linear function. Thirdly, to strengthen robustness and mitigate the defects of pooling upon features, a probabilistic max-pooling sampling method is introduced and local contrast normalization is exploited on features after the convolutional layer. Experiments demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms the original CNN in recognition rate and achieves better robustness for large variations and complex background.     

人眼屈光度校正算法的研究现状

人类能够与用户图像界面进行交互是依赖于一个清晰正常的视觉。然而,屈光不正（例如近视、远视、散光等）能使人眼视网膜中所显示的图像质量退化。图像质量的好坏严重影响了我们在军事、医学、娱乐领域所取得的研究成果。目前,对于人眼屈光度校正算法的研究主要有五种方法：1.应用一个维纳滤波的预补偿算法来校正人眼屈光度;2.用一个全变差的方法绘制图像对人眼屈光度进行校正;3.用视觉分析系统来校正人眼屈光度;4.使用多层显示器来校正视觉畸变;5.使用可计算的光场显示器来校正视觉畸变。通过研究这几种算法的优缺点提出现有算法的改进以及新的算法研究。     

汉语和俄语中的问候语对比

问候语是人际交往中最常用的日常礼节礼貌用语,是言语交际的重要组成部分。虽然中国人和俄罗斯人的问候方式存在差异,但在执行礼貌交际功能方面是相同的。随着社会的发展和跨文化交际的加强,问候语的简化和趋同将是一种不可逆转的趋势,中国人的问候方式也正逐步与国际"接轨"。     

强光辐射源干扰红外成像特征量化模型与分析简

The strong radiation source(such as battlefield fire) has become an important factor affecting the infrared imaging quality. First, a feature quantitative model of infrared imaging under strong radiation source disturbance is built based on the imaging signal conversion mechanism and by simultaneously considering the signal response characteristic,dynamic range, automatic gain characteristic(AGC) and gray level quantization and display. Then, a simulation of the output image of the infrared imaging system is performed on the basis of the model mentioned above and the simulation platform developed in our laboratory. Finally, a quantitative analysis of the relationship between the energy of the strong radiation source and the brightness(contrast) of the system's output image is made. The results will be used for providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the research on the infrared imaging system anti-interference ability protection in the battled environment.     

英汉演讲语篇中互动元话语对比研究

基于自建语料对比分析中英文毕业典礼演讲词在互动式元话语使用上的异同并分析其原因。研究表明中英文演讲者均倾向使用互动式元话语;独立样本T检验表明,英文演讲语篇中互动元话语的五个子范畴的使用频率均显著性高于中文语篇中的使用频率;增强语与态度标记语的结合使用均存在于中英文语篇中。     

一种改进边缘连接的Canny边缘检测算法

针对Canny边缘检测算法中需要手动设置固定阈值而出现边缘间断或伪边缘的问题,设计了一种基于边缘对比特征和边缘方向的边缘连接方法。该方法是基于视觉感知实验总结的一组边缘对比阈值数据比较强边缘点和待连接边缘点的对比特征判断其相似性,通过保持一定的边缘方向确保边缘连接方向的正确性,待连接点只有满足相似性且连接后新旧边缘方向一致,才能被连接为新边缘点。结果表明,改进边缘连接的Canny边缘检测算法具有很好的边缘连接能力,且能获取完整干净的边缘。     

反差增强剂厚度对磁粉检测缺陷检出率的影响

磁粉检测时,如果磁粉与工件表面的颜色对比度小,则容易造成小缺陷漏检。为了提高磁粉检测时的缺陷检出率,可在工件表面喷涂反差增强剂以提高对比度。试验研究了反差增强剂厚度对缺陷检出率的影响。结果表明:一定厚度的反差增强剂,可以提高对比度,对缺陷检出率的影响很小。     

摆动式TIG焊焊缝跟踪技术

介绍以弧压为传感信号的摆动式TIG焊焊缝跟踪技术。硬件设计方面，采用两级滤波的方法，前级主要用来保护控制电路，后级主要用来滤除杂波。软件处理方面，针对搭接TIG焊的特点，采用摆动焊接方法，利用积分比较法，实现了焊缝的自动跟踪；提出加权处理的方法，对积分比较法进行修正，进一步保证了跟踪的实现，提高了跟踪精度。试验证明，该技术控制可靠，焊缝跟踪效果好。     

Agro-ecosystem modeling can aid in the optimization of biomass feedstock supply

Recent European Directives promoted the development of biofuels, requesting mandatory limits to their emissions ot greenhouse gases (GHG). Second-generation biofuels based on lignocellulosic biomass are prime candidates but their GHG emissions are variable and uncertain. Agro-ecosystem modeling can capture them and the performance of biofuel feedstocks.This study aimed at optimizing feedstock supply for a bioethanol unit in France, from agricultural residues, annual and perennial crops. Their productivity and environmental impacts were modelled on a regional scale using geo-referenced data on soil properties, crop management, land-use and future weather data. Several supply scenarios were tested. Cereal straw was the most efficient feedstock but had a low availability, and only miscanthus could meet the bioethanol plant's demand. Sorghum combined poor yields and high GHG emissions compared by miscanthus and triticale. A mix of three biomass sources used less than 3% of the regional agricultural land while abating GHG emissions by 60%.