颗粒活性炭对A/O-MBR处理垃圾渗滤液的影响

采用A/O-MBR处理垃圾渗滤液,考察投加颗粒活性炭(GAC)对出水水质、膜污染的影响,以及不同投加量对出水水质的影响。结果表明:与不投加GAC相比,在A/O-MBR中投加0.75 g/L GAC时,出水平均COD从1 585mg/L下降到1 484 mg/L,NH4+-N平均从25.6 mg/L下降到23 mg/L,出水水质有所提高。同时膜压增长速度减慢,膜表面泥饼层厚度减小,表明膜污染减缓。当GAC投加量从1 g/L提高到2 g/L时,出水平均COD从1 220 mg/L下降到840 mg/L,出水NH4+-N平均从20.8 mg/L下降到18 mg/L,说明增大GAC投加量有助于提高MBR出水水质,同时可大大减缓膜污染,并明显降低垃圾渗滤液后续纳滤、反渗透处理的污染压力。     

The Use of Reverse Osmosis in the Removal of PAHs from Municipal Landfill Leachate

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are relatively well-known organic pollutants and due to their carcinogenic and mutagenic properties their presence in the environment still attracts a lot of attention.

According to literature reports and own research, PAHs presence in wastewaters is common. It was confirmed that PAHs are the components of municipal landfill leachate. Membrane techniques are one of the most interesting ways of removing PAHs from leachate.

The purpose of this article is to monitor PAHs concentration changes during the membrane (reverse osmosis - RO) leachate treatment processes. In the first stage of testing leachates were filtrated on the sand bed (pre-filtration). After the pre-filtration they were directed to the membrane module for the main filtration.

Sixteen PAHs listed by EPA were analyzed. The results with information on PAHs concentration in leachate samples were presented using HPLC with fluorescence detection (FLD). The changes in PAHs concentration were determined in leachate samples before and after pre-filtration as well as after RO. The decrease of PAHs concentration in the samples was observed after these processes. The total concentration of 16 PAHs in raw municipal landfill leachates amounted to 23.64–26.95 μg/L. The research confirmed the high efficiency in removal of PAHs while using a reverse osmosis (59–72%). Including the pre-filtration, the overall level of removed PAHs reached 81–86%. The average PAHs concentration after pre-filtration and RO was in the 4.46–4.99 μg/L range. The municipal landfill leachate with a high concentration of PAHs should be cleaned before it is discharged into the environment.     

Interface transmissivity of conventional and multicomponent GCLs for three permeants

A laboratory investigation of the interface transmissivity is reported for five different geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) and a range of different geomembranes (GMBs) for a range of stresses from 10 to 150?kPa. The GCLs were prehydrated under normal stress before permeation. The GCLs examined comprised three multicomponent (a smooth coated, a smooth laminated, and textured coated) and two conventional (one with granular and one with powdered sodium bentonite) GCLs. The effect of a 4?mm circular defect in the coating of a multicomponent GCL directly below the 10?mm diameter hole in the GMB is investigated. The effect of GMB stiffness and texture is examined. Additionally, the effect of hydration and permeation of smooth coated GCL with highly saline solution and synthetic landfill leachate (SL3) is presented. It is shown that the 2-week interface transmissivity (θ_2-week) can be one to two orders of magnitude higher than steady-state interface transmissivity (θ _steady-state) at low stresses (10?kPa–50?kPa), whereas at high stresses (150?kPa) the variation is substantially less. For a smooth coated GCL hydrated and permeated with reverse osmosis (RO) water, GMB stiffness and texture has a limited effect on interface transmissivity when the coating is placed in contact with GMB at normal stresses of 10?kPa–150?kPa, whereas coating indentations result in much high interface transmissivity when placed in contact with GMB. GCL prehydration and permeation with highly saline solutions leads to higher interface transmissivity compared to RO water. With a 4.0?mm defect in the coating, the interface transmissivity between the coating and woven geotextile is higher than that between the coating and GMB for the stress levels and GCL examined.     

城市垃圾填埋场水泥基防渗浆材的研究

针对垃圾填埋场防治沥出液渗漏的要求，研制了一种水泥基膨润土-粉煤灰-水泥（BFS）防渗浆材，该浆材具有渗透系数低、吸附阻滞性能好的特点。介绍了该浆材的材料及试验研究成果。     

灌浆帷幕防渗技术在天子岭生活垃圾卫生填埋场中的应用

介绍杭州市天子岭生活垃圾填埋场的防渗工程,评价灌浆帷幕防渗技术在填埋场的应用效果.十余年运行实践证明,采用以灌浆帷幕为主的垂直防渗措施,防止填埋场渗沥液污染下游地下水的效果明显.但由于灌浆帷幕不可能完全隔离帷幕上、下游地下水的水力联系,因此,对下游地下水可能会造成轻微污染.     

混凝-Fenton法对中晚期垃圾渗滤液预处理研究

利用混凝-Fenton法对中晚期垃圾渗滤液进行预处理研究。首先以PAC为混凝剂,PAM为助凝剂对垃圾渗滤液进行混凝处理,然后对混凝后渗滤液进行Fenton氧化。考察混凝剂用量,起始pH值,H2O2/FeSO4·7H2O投加比,Fenton试剂投药量和搅拌速度对垃圾渗滤液COD去除的影响,并进行正交试验分析。结果表明:混凝法的最佳投药量为1 L渗滤液投加1.5 g PAC和5 mg PAM;Fenton法的最佳条件为:起始pH值为3,H2O2/FeSO4·7H2O投加比为8∶1,Fenton试剂投药量为135 g/L,搅拌速度为150 r/min;各因素对Fenton试验影响大小为:起始pH值Fenton试剂投药量搅拌速度。在最佳条件下,混凝-Fenton法对垃圾渗滤液COD去除率可达91.41%。     

生活垃圾填埋场中恶臭气体的季节变化特点

通过对生活垃圾填埋场中恶臭气体（硫化氢、氨、氮氧化物、甲烷等）,在不同季节（春、夏、冬季）的监测,分析其随季节的变化特点。得出夏季垃圾填埋场恶臭气体的浓度高于冬季,和恶臭气体并不是由单个恶臭气体浓度简单加和而成,而是有明显的协同作用两个结论。从而为生活垃圾填埋场的恶臭污染控制提供参考依据。     

垃圾渗滤液生物处理技术的研究现状及展望

主要介绍国内外垃圾渗滤液生物处理技术的研究进展及趋势,指出垃圾渗滤液处理技术存在的问题,提出对现有技术的升级改造和新技术的研发,并指明产业化应用是垃圾渗滤液处理技术的研究重点,对现有处理技术进行整合是垃圾渗滤液处理技术的重要发展方向。本研究旨在为我国改造及新建垃圾渗滤液工程提供参考。     

芬顿+改良活性炭深度处理垃圾渗滤液的应用

主要研究了芬顿+改良活性炭深度处理垃圾渗滤液在实际工程中的应用。考察了初始运行的处理效果,CODCr、SS、色度均能达标,UV254(反映腐殖酸类物质的量)的去除效果表较明显。对吸附剂的实际吸附能力进行了考察,一级吸附在运行110天时才出现吸附效率明显降低,二级吸附在一级吸附能力下降时可以保证较高的去除率(70%以上)。该工艺深度处理中晚期垃圾渗滤液药剂费和活性炭更换费之和为21.27元/吨水,可以满足渗滤液处理的经济性要求。     

垃圾焚烧炉渣填埋渗滤液成分分析——以深圳老虎坑垃圾卫生填埋场二期为例

文章通过对垃圾焚烧炉渣产生机理、化学及物理组成成分的分析,结合国外渗滤实验、淋溶实验等对渗滤液中无机、有机成分的检测结果,得出深圳老虎坑二期炉渣填埋渗滤液成分的分析结果。