Selection of regression models for predicting strength and deformability properties of rocks using GA

Recently, many regression models have been presented for prediction of mechanical parameters of rocks regarding to rock index properties. Although statistical analysis is a common method for developing regression models, but still selection of suitable transformation of the independent variables in a regression model is difficult. In this paper, a genetic algorithm (GA) has been employed as a heuristic search method for selection of best transformation of the independent variables (some index properties of rocks) in regression models for prediction of uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) and modulus of elasticity (E). Firstly, multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis was performed on a data set to establish predictive models. Then, two GA models were developed in which root mean squared error (RMSE) was defined as fitness function. Results have shown that GA models are more precise than MLR models and are able to explain the relation between the intrinsic strength/elasticity properties and index properties of rocks by simple formulation and accepted accuracy.     

不同模量比对复合材料储能飞轮强度的影响

以材料的环向与径向模量比λ作为参量,利用ANSYS有限元分析软件,对给定尺寸不同材料的单层及双层异构复合材料飞轮转子进行强度计算,得出飞轮转子在高速旋转时的径向和环向应力分布规律。进而利用强度比方程求解各种结构的强度比,分析材料参数对飞轮转子强度的影响。     

基于小波变换的血压信号特征提取方法研究

该文针对传统的人体血压信号特征提取方法的不足，提出了一种了基于小波变换的人体血压信号特征量提取方法。人体的血压信号是一种非平稳的低频信号，使用Marr小波对人体血压信号进行小波变换的时间一尺度分解，可以得到人体血压信号的模极大值曲线；通过选择合适的分解尺度，可以有效地滤除噪声，对人体血压数据进行消噪处理；进一步滤除奇异性极大值点，可以提取出动脉波动位置和动脉波动幅度信息。文中给出了算法的完整实现，并利用实际采集的人体血压数据验证了该算法，得到了波峰模极大值点和心脏跳动所发生的精确时刻，为人体血压信号的参数识别奠定了基础。     

矢量网络分析仪中小波变换模极大值法应用

文中利用小波变换的方法对矢量网络分析仪所测到的波形进行检测,并对检测信号进行随机噪声滤除,检测到所关心的信号,经过小波滤波理论分析和实验结果均表明,小波变换在滤波处理中是一种简单易行,有效的方法。     

循环流化床压力波动信号的局部奇异性检测

压力波动现象是研究气固流态化机理的重要线索。该文应用小波局部极大模方法分析循环流化床中的压力波动信号。通过对压力波动信号进行连续小波变换，提取小波局部极大模线，计算每条局部极大模线对应的Lipschitz指数α。可以采用负α均值表征循环流化床的动力学特征。文中深入讨论了信号获取和处理系统中诸因素(如数据点选取、测点高度、引压管长度等)的影响，同时分析了循环流化床运行状态(如表观气速、静床高、单组分系统和双组分系统)的影响。分析结果有助于深入理解循环流化床流动机理。     

Density and Young׳s Modulus of ternary glasses close to the eutectic composition in the CaO–Al2O3–SiO2-system

The elastic properties and the density of ternary glass forming systems within the CaO–SiO₂–Al₂O₃-system (CAS) were evaluated. Different glass compositions near the lowest eutectic (1170 °C) composition within the CaO–Al₂O₃–SiO₂-system have been melted from pure raw materials. Their target compositions differed not more than 4 wt% for each component. Exact chemical compositions were measured by x-ray fluorescence. The density, and acoustic properties were determined and the Young׳s Moduli were derived herefrom. It was of special interest to obtain information on these properties and their dependencies upon small variations in the composition. The density values were between 2.600 and 2.667 g cm⁻³ and the packing density factors V_p of the oxides glasses using the ionic radii of Pauling were in the range from 0.559 to 0.571. The determined data were compared to different model calculations. Density model calculations show relative deviations between 2 and 6%. The values calculated from the model for Young׳s Modulus by Makishima and Mackenzie (1973) [1] were somewhat smaller than the measured ones. The correction by Rocherulle et al. (1989) [3] of the Makishima model showed better agreement with the measured values.     

Evaluation of back-calculated elastic moduli of unreinforced and geocell-reinforced unbound granular material from full-scale field tests

This paper presents a field-scale experimental track over a poor subgrade with an unreinforced section and a geocell-reinforced section subjected to in-situ performance tests. Plate load tests and Benkelman beam tests were carried out distributed in several unreinforced and reinforced layers. The objective was to: (1) examine the variability of the elastic modulus of unbound granular material (UGM) due the influence of its thickness and the presence of poor subgrade in its base, (2) evaluate the modulus improvement factor (MIF) generated by the geocell reinforcement in the UGM and (3) verify the most appropriate condition to apply the MIF to transport infrastructure design. The results showed that there is a significant influence of the thickness of the UGM layer on its elastic modulus when the layer is supported directly over a soft subgrade. The MIF values obtained in field suggest that its determination is mostly related to the UGM maximum elastic modulus rather than its decreased values (by virtue of poor subgrade or reduced thicknesses), and that the analytical formulation presented for MIF calculation has good predictive capability to be applied to pavement design.     

Compressive stress-strain model for low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer and heat-cured Portland cement concrete

This research focuses on elucidating the present knowledge gaps in geopolymer concrete's engineering properties, specifically its stress-strain behaviour. Geopolymer concrete (GPC) is an emerging alternative to ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC), and is produced via a polycondensation reaction between aluminosilicate source materials and an alkaline solution. As a relatively new material, many engineering properties of geopolymer concrete are still undetermined. In this paper, the compressive strength, modulus of elasticity and stress-strain behaviour of ambient and heat-cured GPC and OPCC have been studied experimentally. A total of 195 geopolymer concrete cylinders and 210 Portland cement concrete cylinders were tested for the above mentioned characteristics. Based on the experimental results, constitutive models describing the complete stress–strain behaviour in uniaxial compression have been developed for the low-calcium fly ash-based geopolymer concrete and the heat-cured Portland cement concrete.     

Evaluation of percentage oil yield,energy requirement and mechanical properties of selected bulk oilseeds under compression loading

The present study examined the percentage oil output, energy and mechanical properties of selected bulk oilseeds namely pumpkin, hemp, sesame, milk thistle, cumin and flax by a uniaxial compression process of a maximum load capacity of 500 kN and a preset speed of 5 mm/min. Each sample was measured at 60 mm pressing height with a plunger using the pressing vessel of diameter 60 mm. The results show that milk thistle seeds required the highest force corresponding to the highest stress and energy demand for recovering the oil in both the bulk oilseeds and seedcakes. However, pumpkin seeds produced the maximum residual oil yield of 24.99 ± 0.04%, followed by sesame seeds at 21.29 ± 1.82% and then flax seeds at 22.61 ± 0.31%. The study revealed that higher energy is required to produce the maximum oil yield with minimum residual oil in the seedcake by continuous pressing.