基于8邻域编码逐像素跟踪法的指纹细节特征提取算法

研究并实现基于8邻域编码逐像素跟踪法的细节特征提取算法。该算法能有效提取细化后指纹图像中的端点和分叉点,通过回朔跟踪法,能有效去除图像中的伪特征点。实验结果表明该算法较大幅度提高了特征提取的速度,并能够较准确的滤除伪特征点,缩短了图像后处理时间,可以满足实际应用的需要。     

老旧小区公共空间设施适老化评价研究

目的 为强化老旧小区公共空间设施适老化需求要素与产品设计之间的联系,优化老年人的使用体验,提出一种基于KJ法、AHP-熵权法和SD法的综合评价体系。方法 首先,运用KJ法收集、整合、筛选老旧小区公共空间设施产品的适老化需求要素;其次,运用层次分析法构建评价指标体系,通过AHP-熵权法计算各需求指标的综合权重并进行优先级排序,针对徐州市某老旧小区的公共空间设施产品,运用SD法进行适老化满意度评价;最后,结合指标权重与满意度评价结果得出该小区公共空间设施适老化评价得分。结果通过实际案例验证了评价体系的科学性和实用性,根据综合评价结果提出公共空间设施产品适老化设计优化方向。结论 评价模型结合了老年群体的实际需求和行业专家的专业判断,为老旧小区公共空间设施产品适老化设计优化提供了理论依据和量化指标,对提升老年群体的使用满意度具有重要作用。     

从邕江两岸传统民居看当代滨水住区环境营造的地方性

滨水住区是充分体现地方性、营造特色鲜明的环境形象的重要地段,在开发建设中,应依托地方独特的山水环境、气候条件和生活习俗,从空间布局、宅院形制、建筑形式与构造等方面体现地方特色,注重亲水设施的建设,注重多元文化与地方文化的融合,提倡建筑的环保节能,营造宜人的空间环境,以增强居民的地域认同感和归属感.     

Hybrid metaheuristics for the Clustered Vehicle Routing Problem

The Clustered Vehicle Routing Problem (CluVRP) is a variant of the Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem in which customers are grouped into clusters. Each cluster has to be visited once, and a vehicle entering a cluster cannot leave it until all customers have been visited. This paper presents two alternative hybrid metaheuristic algorithms for the CluVRP. The first algorithm is based on an Iterated Local Search algorithm, in which only feasible solutions are explored and problem-specific local search moves are utilized. The second algorithm is a hybrid genetic search, for which the shortest Hamiltonian path between each pair of vertices within each cluster should be precomputed. Using this information, a sequence of clusters can be used as a solution representation and large neighborhoods can be efficiently explored, by means of bi-directional dynamic programming, sequence concatenation, and appropriate data structures. Extensive computational experiments are performed on benchmark instances from the literature, as well as new large scale instances. Recommendations on the choice of algorithm are provided, based on average cluster size.     

Where people live and die makes a difference: Individual and geographic disparities in well-being progression at the end of life.

Life-span psychological research has long been interested in the contextual embeddedness of individual development. To examine whether and how regional variables relate to between-person disparities in the progression of late-life well-being, we applied three-level growth curve models to 24-year longitudinal data from deceased participants of the German Socio-Economic Panel Study (N = 3,427; age at death = 18 to 101 years). Results indicated steep declines in well-being with impending death, with some 8% of the between-person differences in both level and decline of well-being reflecting between-county differences. Exploratory analyses revealed that individuals living and dying in less affluent counties reported lower late-life well-being, controlling for key individual predictors, including age at death, gender, education, and household income. The regional variables examined did not directly relate to well-being change but were found to moderate (e.g., amplify) the disparities in change attributed to individual variables. Our results suggest that resource-poor counties provide relatively less fertile grounds for successful aging until the end of life and may serve to exacerbate disparities. We conclude that examinations of how individual and residential characteristics interact can further our understanding of individual psychological outcomes and suggest routes for future inquiry. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

住宅小区给水节能措施探讨

文章探讨住宅小区供水系统的节能措施,并指出节水时应注意的问题。     

中山路历史街区高度结构控制研究

街区整体高度结构的控制是中山路历史街区空间景观控制的重点,也是难点。本文旨在通过采用传统控制手段与动态模拟修正相结合的方法,对中山路历史街区整体高度结构的保护提出具体控制要求,同时针对保护办法的实施策略进行思考。     

中国城市贫困阶层聚居区的变迁、分类和特征——以广州为例

目前国内贫困阶层聚居区研究以静态分析为主,少有动态关注聚居区的历史演变.本文用广州的历史文献、宏观空间数据和微观社区调查分析,系统论述在清初和清末民国时期,解放后到改革开放初期,改革深化到现阶段等不同时期,贫困阶层聚居区的区位和分布特征变化.研究发现,广州城市贫困阶层聚居经历了"外围和中心区位-中心区位-中心和外围区位"的变迁形成了"集中-分散-再集中"的分布演变过程,这是体制和市场等多种因素共同作用的结果,并迥异于西方的贫困阶层聚居理论.     

Fast solutions for UC problems by a new metaheuristic approach

Due to its combinatorial nature, the Unit Commitment problem has for long been an important research challenge, with several optimization techniques, from exact to heuristic methods, having been proposed to deal with it.

In line with one current trend of research, metaheuristic approaches have been studied and some interesting results have already been achieved and published. However, a successful utilization of these methodologies in practice, when embedded in Energy Management Systems, is still constrained by the reluctance of industrial partners in using techniques whose performance highly depends on a correct parameter tuning. Therefore, the application of metaheuristics to the Unit Commitment problem does still justify further research.

In this paper we propose a new search strategy, for Local Search based metaheuristics, that tries to overcome this issue. The approach has been tested in a set of instances, leading to very good results in terms of solution cost, when compared either to the classical Lagrangian Relaxation or to other metaheuristics. It also drastically reduced the computation times. Furthermore, the approach proved to be robust, always leading to good results independently of the metaheuristic parameters used.     

Home Foreclosures and Neighborhood Crime Dynamics

We advance scholarship related to home foreclosures and neighborhood crime by employing Granger causality tests and multilevel growth modeling with annual data from Chicago neighborhoods over the period 1998–2009. We find that completed foreclosures temporally lead property crime and not vice versa. More completed foreclosures during a year both increase the level of property crime and slow its decline subsequently. This relationship is strongest in higher income, predominantly renter-occupied neighborhoods, contrary to the conventional wisdom. We did not find unambiguous, unidirectional causation in the case of violent crime and when filed foreclosures were analyzed.