铝基金刚石磨轮在陶瓷加工中的应用

Fe基、Cu基、Co基金刚石工具已有大量研究,Al基金刚石工具未见报道.本文采用整体烧结法制备了结合剂组成分别为Al-Sn-Ti、Al-Sn-Ti-Ni-Co、Al-Sn-Ti-Ni、Al-Sn-Ni-Co的铝基金刚石磨轮,分析了铝基金刚石磨轮磨削陶瓷后的显微组织,对比了铝基金刚石磨轮、树脂金刚石磨轮、斜齿金刚石磨轮对不同种类陶瓷砖的修整效果.结果表明:采用A1-Sn-Ti-Ni-Co作结合剂在300℃烧结制备的金刚石磨轮,金刚石出刃高,对陶瓷砖修整效果好,适用砖质广;铝基金刚石磨轮与树脂基磨轮生产成本基本相当,但使用寿命比树脂金刚石磨轮提高3倍以上.     

反应热压(Al2O3+TiB2+Al3Ti)/Al复合材料的组织形成机制

采用B或B2O3、TiO2和Al粉反应热压制备了原位 (Al2O3 TiB2 Al3Ti)/Al复合材料,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜分析了原位复合材料的显微组织.热压状态下,反应生成相Al3Ti呈大块不规则形状,尺寸约几十微米; Al2O3和TiB2为细小弥散质点,TEM分析发现TiB2颗粒呈六边形,而Al2O3颗粒呈等轴状.在以Al粉、TiO2粉和B粉为原料制备的复合材料中,除反应生成了大块的Al3Ti相外,还有细小针状Al3Ti相沉淀析出,且呈弥散分布.热挤压后大块的Al3Ti被破碎成细小弥散质点.Al2O3在TiO2和B2O3粉末表面生成; TiB2在B或B2O3粉表面形成,因而均呈弥散分布,且尺寸细小.自TiO2中还原出的Ti溶入液态Al中形成Al3Ti时,Ti可在液态Al中长距离扩散,因而Al3Ti呈大块不规则状.     

Aging behavior of Al2O3 short fiber reinforced Al-Cu alloy composites

Al2O3 short fiber reinforced AI-Cu composites containing 1%, 3%, 5% and 7% Cu were fabricated by a squeeze casting technique. The as-cast Al2O3/Al-Cu composites were solution treated at 535 ℃ and then aged at 170, 190 and 210 ℃, respectively. Age hardening behavior of the Al2O3/Al-Cu composites was analyzed by measuring the hardness of the samples at different aging temperatures and aging time. Microstructures of the composites were observed by transmission electron microscope（TEM）. The results indicate that the hardness of the Al2O3/Al-Cu composites containing 7% Cu is much higher than that containing 1%-5% Cu because of the large amount of CuAl2 precipitant in the Al2O3/Al-Cu composite. With the increase of Cu content from 1% to 7%, the time needed for the appearance of peak hardness shortened, indicating that the addition of Cu can accelerate the kinetic of CuAl2 precipitation in the Al2O3/Al-Cu composites. The Al2O3/Al-Cu composite containing 7% Cu shows the highest increment of hardness by aging treatment. Therefore, in order to get a higher peak hardness, the Al2O3/Al-Cu composites need more Cu addition as compared with the un-reinforced Al-Cu alloys.     

Effect of Cooling Rate on the Solidification Behavior and Microstructure of SiC_w/Al-18Si Composites

Al-18Si alloy reinforced with 15%,20% and 25%(volume fraction) SiC whiskers were prepared by squeeze casting technique and the solidification behavior and microstructure of as-prepared composites at different cooling rates were studied by DSC,optical microscope,SEM and TEM.The results show that silicon phase is nucleated on SiC whiskers.With the increase of cooling rate,the degree of undercooling increases in the composites as well as in the alloys.The increase of cooling rate leads to a reduction in the size of eutectic Al-Si and also changes its morphology from short stick to equiaxed.However,the change of primary Si is complex.The primary Si size is refined,and then coarsened with increasing cooling rate.The primary Si morphology of composites changes from agglomerate to stick.     

3D网状结构TiBw/Ti60复合材料高温力学性能

利用反应热压技术制备了3D网状结构Ti Bw/Ti60复合材料,对复合材料在600~750℃范围内的高温力学性能进行了测试。结果表明,与Ti60合金相比,3D网状结构Ti Bw的原位形成显著提高了复合材料高温强度。在600、650、700和750℃,5.1%(体积分数)Ti Bw/Ti60复合材料的抗拉强度相比Ti60合金分别提高了42.5%、39.9%、35%和13.2%,而延伸率在各温度下均低于基体合金。网状结构复合材料断裂时形成的主裂纹沿网状界面处扩展,且断裂机制随实验温度增加而改变。     

挤压铸造法制备可变形SiCP/Al复合材料的组织与性能

通过在SiC颗粒预制块中加入铝粉的方法制备了颗粒含量可控的SiC颗粒预制块,并用挤压铸造法制备了可变形SiC_P/Al复合材料。通过对颗粒体积含量为25%的SiC_P/Al复合材料进行热挤压变形,研究了挤压变形的可行性及其对复合材料组织与性能的影响规律。实验结果表明,用本文中提出的新工艺制备的25vol%SiC_P/Al复合材料可以成功地进行挤压比为25∶1的热挤压变形,并且热挤压变形可以明显提高复合材料的强度、刚度和塑性。     

反应自生Al_3Ni－Al_2O_3－Al复合材料

通过热力学计算，选择Ｎｉ_２Ｏ_３粉末作原材料，采用反应挤压铸造方法实现了Ａｌ与Ｎｉ２Ｏ３直接压铸反应合成Ａｌ３Ｎｉ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－Ａｌ原位复合材料。研究了压铸工艺参数和预制块中纯Ａｌ粉的含量对反应合成复合材料过程的影响，并对反应机理做了较深入的分析。结果表明，Ｎｉ２Ｏ３与Ａｌ的反应是为高放热反应，反应是爆发式的，通过调整预制块中Ａｌ粉的体积分数控制了反应的剧烈程度，并能获得不同组成和基体含量的复合材料。对反应机理的分析表明，在Ａｌ足量的情况下，Ｎｉ２Ｏ３与Ａｌ反应合成复合材料分为两个过程，一是反应过程，即Ｎｉ２Ｏ３＋Ａｌ→Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋［Ｎｉ］；二是凝固过程，即反应后多余的Ａｌ与反应生成的［Ｎｉ］在随后冷却中的凝固过程，最终形成Ａｌ３Ｎｉ＋α－Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋Ａｌ复合材料。     

晶须取向对SiCw／Al复合材料切削表面质量的影响

切削与晶须取向方向间的夹角对ＳｉＣｗ／Ａｌ复合材料切削表面质量有很大影响。当切削角为４５°时，晶须拔出和转动现象均较少，复合材料切削表面粗糙度最低。当切削角为１３５度时，晶段转动造成的撕裂破坏程度很大，复合材料切削表面粗糙度最大。     

雪崩光电管两种应用方式分析

通常有两种方式可以实现用噪声来调节雪崩管的偏压。本文首先建立了几个能衡量这种调节作用的效果的指标。通过比较两种调节方式的各项指标,指出各种条件下两种方式的优劣。