Facile Synthesis of 2PbCO3·Pb(OH)2 Microcrystals and Its Catalytic Behavior for Transesterification of Dimethyl Carbonate with Phenol

Polyhedron lead hydroxide carbonate （2PbCO3·Pb（OH）2 ） microcrystals have been prepared in solution phase via a facile method in the presence of surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide （CTAB）. All the samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction ,pattern （XRD）, field-emission scanning electron mi- croscopy （FE-SEM）, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy （HRTEM）, and selected area electron diffraction （SAED）. The possible growth mechanism was discussed. 2PbCO3·Pb（OH）2 microcrystals were found to be a novel and efficient catalyst for the synthesis of diphenyl carbonate （DPC） by transesterification of dimethyl carbonate （DMC） with phenol. Compared with some other catalysts, such as AlCl3, ZnCl2, and Mg5（CO3）4（OH）2, 2PbCO3·Pb（OH）2 microcrystals are stable and show relatively high activity at low catalyst amount. When the reaction was carried out at 180 12, with a molar ratio of phenol to DMC of 2：1, a reaction time 14 h, and a catalyst amount 0.2% （molar ratio to phenol）, the selectivity of DPC and methyl phenyl carbonate （MPC） was 14.7% and 78.8%, respectively.     

62Sn36Pb2Ag钎料中Ag元素对AgCu/SnPbAg/CuBe焊缝性能的影响

分别采用62Sn36Pb2Ag钎料和63Sn37Pb共晶钎料焊接AgCu合金块和CuBe合金片进行试验,对比分析两种钎料形成的焊缝性能和显微组织结构,阐述了62Sn36Pb2Ag钎料中Ag元素的存在对AgCu/SnPbAg/CuBe焊缝性能的影响机制.结果表明,62Sn36Pb2Ag钎料中的Ag元素对于润湿铺展状态的改...     

Modeling and optimizing of steel and mushy Al-28Pb alloy bonding

1　ＩＮＴＲＯＤＵＣＴＩＯＮＡｔｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ,ｔｈｅｔｙｐｉｃａｌｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｏｆｎｅｏｔｙｐｅｂｅａｒ ｉｎｇｉｓｓｔｅｅｌ ｂａｃｋｅｄＡｌ 2 0Ｓｎａｌｌｏｙｂｏｎｄｉｎｇ ｐｌａｔｅ[1 ] .Ｆｏｒｓｔｅｅｌ ｂａｃｋｅｄＡｌ 2 0Ｓｎａｌｌｏｙｂｏｎｄｉｎｇｐｌａｔｅ ,ｓｔｅｅｌｂａｃｋｈａｓｈｉｇｈｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈｗｈｉｃｈｃａｎｂｅａｒｔｈｅｅｘｔｅｒｎａｌｌｏａｄ ,ａｎｄＡｌ 2 0ＳｎａｌｌｏｙｌａｙｅｒｉｓａｌｕｂｒｉｃａｔｉｎｇｏｎｅｉｎｗｈｉｃｈＡｌｓｕｂｓｔｒａｔｅｈａｓｅｘｃｅｌ…     

ICP-AES法测定塑料中的钙铅钡

本文叙述了 ICP-AES 法测定塑料中钙、铅、钡的过程,方法简便,RSD 为1.2～10%,回收率96～98%。     

复合钙钛矿Pb（Fe1／2Nb1／2）O3的弛豫特性

制备了纯钙钛矿相Ｐｂ（Ｆｅ１／２Ｎｂ１／２）Ｏ３（ＰＦＮ）陶瓷，研究其介电性能表明，ＰＦＮ陶瓷无论退火与否都存在弥散性相变（ＤＰＴ）现象，未退火试样εｍａｘ对应的温度Ｔｍ不随测量频率变化，退火试样的Ｔｍ随频率变化，即表现出Ｔｍ频率色散现象，结合ＸＲＤ分析，指出ＰＦＮ应属弛豫铁电体。     

安徽某铅锌多金属矿床伴生金银赋存状态研究

矿石结构构造、矿物组成、矿物间的嵌布关系等较复杂。金矿物主要为银金矿,载体矿物以黄铁矿为主,金在硫化物中占近85％,粒间金及裂隙金占53％,微细粒,成色为660‰。银矿物主要以硫铜银矿、自然银以及以类质同象的形式存在于黝铜矿中,以中细粒为主。     

微波消解—电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法测定铂金首饰中的汞、铅、镉、铬、砷

建立了试样经微波消解后采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定铂金首饰中汞、铅、镉、铬、砷的分析方法。对试样的微波消解条件、基体和谱线干扰等进行了研究,对比了微波密闭消解法与传统分(消)解法的条件。其结果表明:在150℃温度下,以王水为消解试剂,试样在密闭容器中消解25 min可以完全溶解;消解液用ICP-AES测定时,通过选择合适的分析谱线可避免基体和光谱干扰;不同元素的检出限为0.006~0.15 mg/kg,回收率为98%~117%,RSD为0.04%~1.17%;Pt 900和Pt 950首饰对应消解时间分别为传统法的1/6~1/8,总分析流程均大大缩短,微波消解前处理方法具有简便、快捷、回收率高、精密度高的优点。该方法适用于铂金首饰中汞、铅、镉、铬、砷元素的测定。     

2,4-二羟基苯甲酸铅铜盐对Al/RDX-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的影响

为了研究2,4-二羟基苯甲酸铅铜盐（Pb/Cu-SDHB）单独或与其它催化剂复合后对含Al粉和黑索今（RDX）改性双基（Al/RDX-CMDB）推进剂燃烧性能的影响,采用吸收-压延方法制备了推进剂样品,用靶线法测试了推进剂燃速。结果表明：Pb/Cu-SDHB能有效调节推进剂燃烧性能,显著提高了Al/RDX-CMDB推进剂的燃速,并明显降低了压强指数;3.0%Pb/Cu-SDHB与0.65%炭黑复合后使Al/RDX-CMDB推进剂在10~15MPa的压强指数降低至-0.1,10MPa下燃速超过20mm/s。     

Effects of growth conditions on the domain structure and dielectric properties of (1 − x)Pb(Sc1/2Nb1/2)O3–xPbTiO3 single crystals

The studies of the (1 − x)Pb(Sc_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃–xPbTiO₃ (PSN–PT) single crystals reveal that the chemical and physical properties of the materials are affected by the growth conditions. By the measurements of the dielectric constant as a function of temperature upon cooling, it is found that crystals grown from the same charged stoichiometric composition (x = 0.425), but under different flux environments (i.e. the composition of flux and the flux to PSN–PT ratios are varied), show anomalies (i.e. phase transitions) at different temperatures. This phenomenon is attributed to the complex local chemical structure of the PSN–PT solid solution single crystals with B-site random occupancy of three different cations (Sc³⁺, Nb⁵⁺ and Ti⁴⁺). The dielectric and domain structure of the PSN–PT crystals with composition near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) are investigated, showing much more complex situations compared with Pb(Sc_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃.     

2018年天然植物饲料原料及产品中重金属污染情况调查分析

目的 植物提取物作为天然植物饲料原料的代表因其具有抗氧化、抗病毒等作用得到广泛的开发与利用,随着药物饲料添加剂的退出,植物提取物越来越广泛的应用于畜禽、水产等养殖业中,所以有必要了解天然植物原料及产品中重金属的污染状况。方法 对北京、天津、黑龙江、江苏、安徽、江西、山东、河南、湖南、广东等10个省市采集的天然植物原料及产品样本,参照国标方法中的干法消解和压力罐消解方法对样品进行消解,然后使用火焰原子吸收光谱仪(FAAS)和原子荧光光谱仪(AFS)检测样品中砷、铅、铬、汞、镉的含量。结果 分析了100份植物饲料原料及产品,其中砷的最高值为8.54 mg/kg,大于2 mg/kg的样品所占比为4%;铅的最高值为20.33 mg/kg,大于10 mg/kg的样品只有2批次;铬的最高值为927.63 mg/kg,大于5 mg/kg的样品所占比为24%;汞的检出率为4%;全部样品中镉未检出。结论 本次调查分析发现部分样品有砷、铅、铬、汞检出,少数样品中的重金属含量相对较高,因而需加强对天然植物饲料原料及产品安全风险的监测,以保证动物和动物性产品安全。