Cu-10Sn-4Ni-3Pb Alloy Prepared by Crystallization Under Pressure： An Experimental Study

The wear-resistant tin bronze (Cu-10Sn-4Ni-3Pb) with tin content above 8 wt.% prepared by traditional melting and casting process usually defects such as low density, poor properties and segregations. The crystallization under pressure processing of Cu-10Sn-4Ni-3Pb alloy was investigated. The microstructures were observed and analyzed and compared with that by traditional melting and casting process. The results show that the dendrite has obviously disappeared and the dendritic segregation alleviated by using the crystallization under 680 MPa pressure process, in comparison with the remarkably dendrite microstructure and severe as-cast defects of alloy prepared by traditional melting and casting technology. Based on the experimental study, the properties and microstructures of Cu-10Sn-4Ni-3Pb tin bronze prepared by crystallization under pressure have been improved significantly.     

Effects of poling state and pores on fracture toughness of Pb(Zr0·95Ti0·05)O3 ferroelectric ceramics

Abstract

Abstract

The effects of poling state and pores on the fracture toughness of Pb(Zr_0·95Ti_0·05)O₃ (PZT 95/5) ferroelectric ceramics were investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis and piezoelectric constant measurements reveal that the phase structures of PZT 95/5 ceramics change with the poling state, which significantly affects the fracture toughness. The poled PZT 95/5 ceramics demonstrate higher fracture toughness than the unpoled ceramics, and their fracture toughness significantly increases after the pressure depoling. As the porosity of ceramics increases with addition of poreformer during preparation, their fracture toughnesses all decrease accordingly either in poled state or unpoled state. The effect of pore size on the fracture toughness is subtle for the poled ceramics, but for the hydrostatic pressure depoled porous PZT 95/5 ceramics, their fracture toughness increases with the increase in pore size. A new stress model is proposed to explain the pore size effect on the fracture toughness of hydrostatic pressure depoled PZT 95/5 ceramics.     

σ-单键连接的TTF吡啶衍生物对Pb~(2+)的识别

设计合成了一类σ-单键连接的TTF吡啶化合物T4Py和TB,并研究了化合物T4Py对离子的识别作用.结果发现Pb2+离子能够引起T4Py的溶液颜色1、HNMR以及电化学CV的显著变化.     

辽东青城子姚家沟钼矿床S、Pb同位素组成及其地质意义

本文对辽东青城子姚家沟钼矿床金属硫化物进行S、Pb同位素测量,探讨成矿物质来源。研究结果表明,金属硫化物δ34S值变化介于2.0‰～3.9‰之间,显示岩浆硫的特点。矿石206Pb/204Pb=17.708～18.854,207Pb/204Pb=15.474～15.669,208Pb/204Pb=37.739～39.097。铅同位素Th/U比值范围为3.74～3.94,μ值介于9.34～9.56之间,均低于9.58 介于地壳与原始地幔值之间,反应矿石铅具深源铅和壳源铅特征,铅同位素特征参数、判别图解结合矿床成矿背景和矿床成因,认为姚家沟钼矿铅同位素组成具混合铅特征,这种混合受俯冲造山作用控制,是一种与岩浆作用有关的壳幔混合铅的成矿作用。     

砷,锑,铋,铅和锌在铜闪速熔炼过程中的行为

利用已开发的铜熔炼过程的计算机模型，对贵溪冶炼厂的铜闪速熔炼过程进行了模拟，其预测结果与贵溪冶炼厂的实际生产数据一致。利用Ｎａｇａｍｏｒｉ的悬浮指数方程对渣中铜和硫的机械夹杂损失进行了计算，分析了铜机械损失的形态。同时，对熔炼温度进行了计算机模拟，探讨了熔炼温度对Ａｓ，Ｓｂ，Ｂｉ，Ｐｂ和Ｚｎ等的分压、活度系数及它们在冰铜、炉渣和气相中分配率的影响，并讨论了其热力学分析结果对生产实践的指导意义     

钌系厚膜电阻器电阻温度系数及变化规律

研究以RuO2,Bi2Ru2O7,Pb2Ru2O6.5等导电相制备的电阻浆料的电阻温度系数及其变化规律.试验结果表明当导电相低于一定含量时,TCR为负值,反之,TCR为正值.电阻温度系数为正值的电阻器以金属型传导为主,TCR为负值的电阻器以隧道势垒传导为主.还考查了MnO2对RuO2和钌酸盐正温度系数的改进.     

2,4-二羟基苯甲酸铅铜盐对Al/RDX-CMDB推进剂燃烧性能的影响

为了研究2,4-二羟基苯甲酸铅铜盐（Pb/Cu-SDHB）单独或与其它催化剂复合后对含Al粉和黑索今（RDX）改性双基（Al/RDX-CMDB）推进剂燃烧性能的影响,采用吸收-压延方法制备了推进剂样品,用靶线法测试了推进剂燃速。结果表明：Pb/Cu-SDHB能有效调节推进剂燃烧性能,显著提高了Al/RDX-CMDB推进剂的燃速,并明显降低了压强指数;3.0%Pb/Cu-SDHB与0.65%炭黑复合后使Al/RDX-CMDB推进剂在10~15MPa的压强指数降低至-0.1,10MPa下燃速超过20mm/s。     

碳羟磷灰石对废水中铅离子吸附研究

利用废弃蛋壳制备碳羟磷灰石（简称CHAP），并用作去除废水中Pb^2＋的吸附剂。考查了pH值、吸附时间、温度、吸附剂用量以及Pb^2＋初始浓度等因素对吸附效果的影响。结果表明：0．6g／L的CHAP对750mg／L的Pb^2＋的去除率高达99．9％，吸附容量达到1243．75mg／g。CHAP对Pb^2＋吸附的吸附等温线均符合Freundlich和Langmuir两种模式，从Freundlich方程中的常数1／n=0．0184可知，该吸附反应为吸热自发反应，且反应速率快。     

(Pb1-xSrx)TiO3系铁电陶瓷介电特性的测试分析

采用常规陶瓷工艺掺杂不同含量的分析纯SiO2和La2O3,在不同烧结温度下, 制备了系列(Pb1-xSrx)TiO3(简称PST)铁电陶瓷.对所制备的PST铁电陶瓷的介电特性进行了测试分析.1250℃烧结温度较1200℃烧结温度下样品在居里点处的温度系数α有所提高,介电常数ε略高(均在103量级),介电损耗D略有降低.随着工作频率的增加,样品介电常数有较明显的下降,介电损耗D略有增加.     

Electrodeposition of smooth and adherent film of polypyrrole on lead electrode

Electropolymerization of pyrrole on lead substrate electrode was studied. Due to electrochemical activity of Pb in acidic media, this process is only possible at basic pHs. For this purpose, electropolymerization process was performed in an aqueous solution of Na₂SO₄ with pH 12. Potentiodynamic cycling shows the Pb oxidation at the first cycles. In subsequent cycles, polypyrrole film grows on the oxidized lead substrate. Of course, as the passive film is highly porous, a composite of polypyrrole/PbSO₄ is formed in the first layers. However, subsequent cycling leads to the formation of pure polypyrrole film. According to this structure and strong connection of the polymer film to the substrate surface via this composite layer, the polypyrrole film deposited on the lead surface has enhanced mechanical stability. AFM measurements showed peculiar smoothness of both composite and lateral polypyrrole films. This synthesis approach is of particular interest for the preparation of highly stable polymer films and fabrication of supercapacitors with a polymer/PbSO₄ conductive structure.