Switching controller design for linear time invariant plant with a single I/O delay

ABSTRACT

To deal with the problem of conflicting requirements that cannot be satisfied by only a single LTI controller, this paper focuses on the design of a switching controller, which includes several stabilising linear time-invariant (LTI) controllers designed independently with different control performance criteria, for a specific LTI plant with a single I/O delay. The switching controller design procedure is divided into three steps. First, using simple loop shifting arguments, the design problem is reducible to an equivalent delay-free one. Second, traditional LTI controller synthesis methods could be considered independently for the delay-free plant. Third, based on a quadratically stable state space realisation method, a Youla parameter including a switching strategy with these controllers is designed to guarantee different requirements. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the approach.     

基于改进的最大似然法识别风力发电机转子的载荷参数

风机不对中故障是多载荷参数耦合而成,工程师难以凭经验了解载荷参数的大致范围。针对因转子结构参数和测试条件等不确定性参数的存在及载荷参数先验信息未知,最大似然法识别转子不对中故障的载荷参数时采用的搜索计算面临计算量大,且迭代过程中灵敏度会带来一些数值问题。引入搜索区间进退法到敏感矩阵法与最大似然法中,对最大似然法进行改进。改进后的最大似然法中的迭代适于处理复杂工程优化问题,避免传统迭代数值法对搜索空间的苛刻要求。以输入尺寸和输出测试响应具有随机性测量误差的风力发电机转子系统为例,在三种测量误差下的识别结果表明,改进的最大似然法提高了最大似然法的辨识效果,可以减少不确定性因素对识别结果的影响,鲁棒性好。     

结合时间戳的指纹密钥数据加解密传输方案

目的 对于生物密钥而言，生物特征数据的安全与生物密钥的管理存储都很关键。为了构造能够应用在通信数据传输场景的生物密钥，同时保证生物特征本身的模糊性与密码学的精确性处于一种相对平衡状态，提出一种基于时间戳与指纹密钥的数据加解密传输方案。方法 利用发送方指纹特征点之间的相对信息，与保密随机矩阵生成发送方指纹密钥；借助通信双方的预先设定数与时间戳，生成接收方恢复指纹密钥时所需的辅助信息；利用发送方指纹密钥加密数据，实现密文数据的传输。结果 本文方法在仿真通信双方数据加解密的实现中，测试再生指纹密钥的识别率（GAR）与误识率（FAR）。通过实验数据分析，表明了本文提出的指纹密钥生成方法的可用性，以及指纹密钥作为数字身份所具备的可认证性，其中真实发送方的再生指纹密钥识别率可高达99.8%，并且本方案还可用于即时通信、对称加密等多种场景当中。结论 本文方法利用时间戳确定了通信事件的唯一性与不可否认性，同时实现了指纹密钥恢复时的"一次一密"。此外，方案通过保密随机矩阵实现了发送方指纹密钥的可撤销，极大程度保障了指纹数据的安全性。     

Damage evolution in SiC/SiC unidirectional composites by X-ray tomography

Melt infiltrated SiC/SiC ceramic matrix composite unidirectional (UD) composite specimens were imaged under load using X-ray microtomography techniques in order to visualize the evolution of damage accumulation and to quantify damage mechanisms within the composite such as matrix cracking and fiber breaking. The data obtained from these in situ tensile tests were used in comparison with current models and literature results. Three-dimensional (3D) tomography images were used to measure the location and spacing of matrix cracking that occurred at increasing stress increments during testing within two UD composite specimens. The number of broken fibers and the location of each fiber break gap that occurred within the volume of both specimens were also quantified. The 3D locations of fiber breaks were correlated with the location of each matrix crack within the volume of the specimen and it was found that at the stress scanned directly before failure, most of the fiber breaks occur within 100 microns of a matrix crack.     

Strengthening Mechanism and Microstructure of Deformable Ti Particles Reinforced AZ91 Composite

In this study, the deformable titanium (Ti) particles reinforced AZ91 composite was successfully prepared by powder metallurgy and subsequent extrusion. The mechanical properties and microstructural evolution of pure AZ91 and 5Ti/AZ91 composite were studied. The yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation of 5Ti/AZ91 composite are measured to be 212 MPa, 323 MPa, and 10.1%, respectively. Microstructure analysis revealed that Ti particles are elongated along the extrusion direction, forming a discontinuous strip Ti particles, fine precipitated Mg₁₇Al₁₂ phase inhibits dynamic recrystallization (DRX) behavior through Zener pinning effect and hinders the growth of matrix grains, resulting in refiner grains of 5Ti/AZ91 composite. Heterogeneous deformed Ti particles and magnesium (Mg) matrix to generate additional heterogeneous deformation-induced (HDI) strengthening. Heterogeneous deformation-induced strengthening mainly contributed to the increment of yield strength for 5Ti/AZ91 composite.     

Unraveling specific role of carbon matrix over Pd/quasi-Ce-MOF facilitating toluene enhanced degradation

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) derivatives represented by quasi-MOFs have excellent physical and chemical properties and can be applied for the catalytic combustion of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). In this work, Pd/quasi-Ce-BTC synthesized by simple one-step N₂ pyrolysis was applied to the oxidation of toluene, showing excellent toluene catalytic activity (T₉₀ = 175 °C, 30000 mL/(g·h)). Microscopic analyses indicate the formation and interaction of a carbon matrix composite quasi-MOF structure interface. The results show that the amorphous carbon matrix formed during the partial pyrolysis of Ce-BTC significantly improves the adsorption and activation capacity of toluene in the reaction, and constructs a reductive system to maintain high concentrations of Ce³⁺ and Pd⁰, which can facilitate the activation and utilization of oxygen in reaction. Quasi in-situ XPS proves that carbon matrix is indirectly involved in the activation and storage of oxygen, and Pd⁰ is the crucial active site for the activation of oxygen. Stability and water resistance tests display good stability of Pd/quasi-Ce-BTC. This work provides a potential method for designing quasi-MOF catalysts towards VOCs effective abatement.     

Stability and stabilization for singularly perturbed systems with Markovian jumps

This article focuses on the stability and stabilization problems of singularly perturbed jump systems. Here, the singularly perturbed parameter (SPP) is also with Markov switching and satisfies any with positive bound predefined. First, stability conditions expressed ?_i‐free but involving its bound are developed by constructing an ?_i‐dependent Lyapunov function. Then, a method for state feedback stabilization controller depending on SPP is proposed, whose conditions are given in terms of linear matrix inequalities. Moreover, some special cases about deterministic SPP are considered too. Finally, two practical examples are used to demonstrate the effectiveness and superiorities of the proposed methods.     

核屏蔽用中子吸收材料研究现状与展望

镉(Cd)、硼(B)和一些稀有元素具有较大的热中子吸收截面，在核屏蔽吸收中子领域具有较广泛的应用前景。本文概述了用于核电站乏燃料“湿法”贮存用中子吸收材料的种类，论述了各种中子吸收材料的优点和不足。阐述了铝基碳化硼(B4C/Al)中子吸收材料的研究进展以及不同制备方法的优点和不足，进一步介绍了搅拌摩擦焊方法和扩散焊方法在连接B4C/Al中子吸收材料过程中的优势。在此基础上，对新型中子吸收材料在成分、结构设计方面进行了分析，对未来核屏蔽用中子吸收材料进行了展望。     

Effect of nano-sized Al2O3 reinforcing particles on uniaxial and high cycle fatigue behaviors of hot-forged AZ31B magnesium alloy

The effect of hot-forging process was investigated on microstructural and mechanical properties of AZ31B alloy and AZ31B/1.5vol.%Al₂O₃ nanocomposite under static and cycling loading. The as-cast alloy and composite were firstly subjected to a homogenization heat treatment at 450 °C and then an open-die forging at 450 °C. The results indicated that the presence of reinforcing particles led to grain refinement and improvement of dynamic recrystallization. The forging process was more effective to eliminate the porosity in the cast alloy workpiece. Microhardness of the forged composite was increased by up to 80% and 16%, in comparison with those of the cast and forged alloy samples, respectively. Ultimate tensile strength and maximum tensile strain of the composite were improved by up to 45% and 23%, compared with those of the forged alloy in similar regions. These enhancements were respectively 50% and 37% in the compression test. The composite exhibited a fatigue life improvement in the region with low applied strain; however, a degradation was observed in the high applied strain region. Unlike AZ31B samples, tensile, compressive and high cycle fatigue behaviors of the composite showed less sensitivity to the applied strain, which can be attributed to the amount of porosity in the samples before and after the hot-forging.