分子动力学模拟温度对PE–LD零剪切黏度的影响

采用分子动力学方法模拟分析温度(375~550 K)对低密度聚乙烯(PE–LD)零剪切黏度的影响,通过Material Studio 8.0软件构建分子"位能模型",施加原子水平模拟研究凝聚态优化的分子力场(COMPASS)力场,经过几何优化、退火处理和动力学弛豫后,运行NPT系综的动力学模拟,进行数据处理。结果表明,PE–LD熔体的黏度随温度升高呈指数递减。从分子链自扩散和自由体积来分析其机理,结果显示,温度的升高,加剧了分子链之间的运动,减少了分子间的缠结,增大了熔体的自由体积,减少了分子间的内摩擦,从而导致黏度下降。     

In situ fibre‐reinforced composite films of poly(lactic acid)/low‐density polyethylene blends: effects of composition on morphology,transport and mechanical properties

This study aimed to investigate the effects of blend composition on packaging‐related properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and low density polyethylene (LDPE) blown films. Blend films with PLA contents of 5–20 wt% were produced and compared. Scanning electron micrographs of cross‐sectional cryofractured surfaces of the blend films revealed that in situ fibre‐reinforced composites were obtained. Viscosity ratio of the polymer components of ca 1 confirmed that fibre formation was favourable for this blend system. PLA microdomains were dispersed throughout the film in forms of long fibres (length‐to‐diameter ratio > 100) and ribbons. The number of fibres and ribbons increased with an increase of PLA content. Critical content of PLA was found to be 20 wt% for effective improvement of both moduli and gas barrier properties. Incorporation of poly[ethylene‐co‐(methyl acrylate)] compatibilizer showed minimal effect on PLA structure. However, it did improve moduli and O₂ barrier properties when sufficient amount (1.5 pph) was used in 10 wt% PLA/LDPE. In short, flow behaviour, ratio of polymer components and degree of compatibility together played intricate roles in the morphology and hence mechanical and transport properties of PLA/LDPE immiscible blends. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Assessment of selected properties of LDPE composites reinforced with sugar beet pulp

This study measured the effect of sugar beet pulp (SBP) and maleated polyethylene (MAPE) concentrations on the properties of low density polyethylene (LDPE) composites. SBP concentration has significantly increased density, thickness swelling (TSW), water absorption (WA), flexural strength (FS), tensile modulus (TM) and flexural modulus (FM) of composites while reducing tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EatB) and impact strength (IS). Presence of MAPE has improved TSW, WA, TS, FS, TM and FM. However, EatB and IS were slightly worsened by MAPE use. Composites showed two main decomposition peaks; one coming from SBP (360–368 °C) and the second one from LDPE degradation (484–490 °C). SEM images showed improved dispersion of SBP. The composites has provided less than 2% weight loss and classified as ‘very durable material’ against white-rot and brown-rot fungi attack. Through this study, potential utilization of SBP in LDPE matrix was demonstrated.     

气相流化床聚乙烯冷凝技术的应用与运行优化

介绍了气相流化床聚乙烯冷凝技术特点,分析了气相流化床聚乙烯冷凝模式操作参数的相互影响关系,提出了装置投料开车及冷凝模式下稳定运行的优化措施。运行结果表明,在冷凝操作模式下应确定各参数的安全操作范围,冷凝操作的进入或退出应尽快完成。装置开车阶段对原料和回收液(气)要预先取样分析合格,投催化剂后出现静电大幅波动应消除杂质来源再提负荷,进冷凝操作模式时原始种子床粉料应排出彻底,为防止反应器爆聚应提高对异常现象的判断及处置速度。装置运行阶段应强化原料质量和原料精制床精制效果的监控。     

NOx removal efficiency and N2 selectivity during selective catalytic reduction processes over Al2O3 supported highly cross-linked polyethylene catalysts

The performance of a highly cross-linked polyethylene catalyst supported on alumina for low temperature selective catalytic reduction of NO_x by unburned hydrocarbons (HCs) existing in an exhaust gas was examined at different engine conditions with the addition of exhaust-gas recirculation. The HXPE catalyst was shown to exhibit good NO_x reduction activity at low temperatures (100–250 °C) where the only reductant was the unburned HC, which was already present in the exhaust flow. The maximum NO_x reduction of approximately 52% was achieved at a temperature of 150 °C. HXPE demonstrated very good selectivity toward N₂ in the majority of tested conditions (∼80%).     

LDPE装置循环水节约实例研究

文中详细介绍了在高压低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）装置中用热水罐外排污水替代紧急放空塔循环水溢流的做法,探索了节水降耗、清洁生产的经验。     

Tuning the Poisson's Ratio of Biomaterials for Investigating Cellular Response

Cells sense and respond to mechanical forces, regardless of whether the source is from a normal tissue matrix, an adjacent cell or a synthetic substrate. In recent years, cell response to surface rigidity has been extensively studied by modulating the elastic modulus of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)‐based hydrogels. In the context of biomaterials, Poisson's ratio, another fundamental material property parameter has not been explored, primarily because of challenges involved in tuning the Poisson's ratio in biological scaffolds. Two‐photon polymerization is used to fabricate suspended web structures that exhibit positive and negative Poisson's ratio (NPR), based on analytical models. NPR webs demonstrate biaxial expansion/compression behavior, as one or multiple cells apply local forces and move the structures. Unusual cell division on NPR structures is also demonstrated. This methodology can be used to tune the Poisson's ratio of several photocurable biomaterials and could have potential implications in the field of mechanobiology.     

Melt Rheological Behavior and Thermal Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene/Palm Kernel Shell Composites: Effect of Polyethylene Acrylic Acid

The melt flow behavior and thermal properties of low-density polyethylene (LDPE)/palm kernel shell (PKS) composites were studied. Polyethylene acrylic acid (PEAA) was used as a compatibilizer in the composites. The results showed that the increasing of PKS loading had decreased MFI values of LDPE/PKS composites. The presence of PEAA increased the MFI values of the LDPE/PKS composites. The apparent viscosity of the composites was found to exhibit a linear relationship with the reciprocal of the temperature. Thermal properties showed that higher filler loading tended to reduce the onset temperature as the PKS possessed lower degradation temperature compared to the LDPE. The presence of the PKS in the LDPE polymeric matrix improved the thermal stability of the composites. The addition of PEAA into the composites provided better interfacial bonding between the LDPE matrix and PKS filler, while higher onset temperature and lower total weight loss were observed of LDPE/PKS composites. The activation energy of the LDPE/PKS composites was increased with increasing filler loading. At similar filler loading, the presence of PEAA increased the activation energy of the LDPE/PKS composites.     

THE CONFORMATIONAL MECHANISM OF THERMOELASTICITY OF ORIENTED POLYETHYLENE

Temperature variations of oriented polyethylene (PE) with a draw ratio of ～ 450% were measured in longitudinal adiabatic tension and compression (along the orientation axis) and transverse compression. Stress-strain curves (for tension and compression) were recorded. Linear thermal expansion coefficients in the longitudinal and transverse direction were measured. Thermoelastic characteristics and also thermal properties of oriented PE were quantitatively analyzed. It has been concluded that conformational dynamics has a dominating influence on these characteristics.