雨生红球藻中虾青素油树脂的稳定性研究

以雨生红球藻中虾青素油树脂为原料,研究了温度、酸碱浓度、光照、金属离子、p H、还原剂对虾青素稳定性的影响。结果显示:雨生红球藻中虾青素油树脂在高温下不稳定,在低温下较稳定;在室外光照射下极不稳定,在避光条件下最为稳定;过酸或过碱都会影响虾青素的稳定性;加入Na~+、Al~(3+)、Zn~(2+)、Cu~(2+)、Ca~(2+)金属离子于虾青素油树脂中,对色素影响较小,其中加入Mg~(2+)、K~+、Fe~(3+)、Fe~(2+)的虾青素油树脂稳定性影响较大,其中Fe~(2+)的影响最大;添加还原剂有利于保护虾青素被降解。     

轮胎损坏的原因分析

本文对通常在诉讼中被认定为"滞留空气"的表面区域的外观进行了研究,阐述了在诉讼中被认定为"滞留空气"的表面区域为什么会使粘合良好的钢丝带束层子午线轮胎的多层结构简单地不规则撕裂,评估了子午线轮胎钢丝带束层之间产生硫化窝气的可能性,还研究了当空气被截留在钢丝带束层之间形成硫化窝气后钢丝带束层表面所呈现的实际状况。     

生物基油对白炭黑填充天然橡胶胶料加工性能和硫化特性的影响

通常使用的石油基加工油,比如重质环烷油(HNO)和轻质环烷油(LNO)具有潜在的致癌性。本文研究了一种新型生物基油——茶籽油(TO)可能会成为通用加工油的替代品。在进行试验对比时,还选择了另外两种生物基油,分别是棕榈油(PO)和椰子油(CO)。试验结果表明,所有研究的生物基油的热稳定性均高于轻质环烷油(LNO),在白炭黑填充天然橡胶(NR)配方中,配合生物基油的混炼胶加工性能比添加石油基油的胶料更加优异。主要表现为:生物基油的热稳定性高,在相同混炼条件下,与添加石油基油的混炼胶相比,添加生物基油能够提高白炭黑与天然橡胶的混合效率,改善白炭黑在天然橡胶基质中的分散性,提高混炼胶的塑化效果。加工油的不同类型和用量对混炼胶的硫化特性影响很小。通过试验结果分析,所研究的TO、PO和CO生物基油很有可能成为石油基加工油的替代产品。     

混炼试验的潘恩效应和分散率对比(二)

正(接上期)4.1.6 EPDM图20示出了三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)具有类似于丁基橡胶(IIR)的对炭黑弱的亲和力。就像混炼丁基橡胶(IIR)填充胶那样,所看到的EPDM填充胶的G′潘恩效应曲线都很接近,这点EPDM与IIR很相似,均缺乏与炭黑的亲和     

基于信息化的智慧热网系统应用分析

随着信息化、自动化、智能化技术的成熟和完善,基于信息化的智慧供热系统逐渐代替传统供热系统,实现供热系统的精细化管理和节能减排。本文介绍智慧热网系统架构原理,并从传感层、网络层和应用层角度阐释智慧供热系统的设计,最后结合实际工程案例,对基于大数据分析的智慧供热系统整体升级改造后的调控策略和节能效果进行分析。     

Comparison of modeling methods for wind power prediction: a critical study

Prediction of power generation of a wind turbine is crucial, which calls for accurate and reliable models. In this work, six different models have been developed based on wind power equation, concept of power curve, response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN), and the results have been compared. To develop the models based on the concept of power curve, the manufacturer’s power curve, and to develop RSM as well as ANN models, the data collected from supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) of a 1.5 MW turbine have been used. In addition to wind speed, the air density, blade pitch angle, rotor speed and wind direction have been considered as input variables for RSM and ANN models. Proper selection of input variables and capability of ANN to map input-output relationships have resulted in an accurate model for wind power prediction in comparison to other methods.     

Soft landing of runaway currents by ohmic field in J-TEXT tokamak

Recently, experimental studies on the soft landing of RE current by ohmic (OH) field have been performed in J-TEXT tokamak, as a possible auxiliary method to dissipate the RE current. With optimized horizontal displacement control of the RE beam, the toroidal electric field has been scanned from 1.6 to - 0.3 V m ^-1 during the RE plateau phase. The growth rate of RE currents and the evolution of hard x-ray (HXR) emissions have been studied. It is found that when the toroidal electric field is less than 7–12 times the theoretical critical electric field, the decay of REs could be achieved. The dissipation rate by the ohmic field can reach a maximum value of 3 MA s^-1.Furthermore, the results of HXR spectra analysis indicate the different behaviors of HXR emissions under the condition of different toroidal electric fields. The analysis of the ionized argon emissions and magnetic fluctuations shows that under the condition of different toroidal electric fields, the physical process of RE generation may be different.     

Grain refinement in low SFE and particle-containing nickel aluminium bronze during severe plastic deformation at elevated temperatures

The influence of particle size and morphology on grain refinement in low stacking fault energy(SFE)alloys was studied by comparing the grain structures in single-and multi-phase Al-bronze(AB)alloys following equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)between 350 and 500℃.In particular,nickel aluminium bronze(NAB)was chosen as it contained both coarse and fine rounded particles,as well as a lamellar phase which evolved during ECAP.Grain refinement in the single-phase alloy was achieved through dynamic recrystallisation initiated at deformed twin boundaries.By contrast,different mechanisms were observed in the particle-containing NAB.Recrystallisation around the coarse κⅡ particles(～5 μm)was promoted through particle stimulated nucleation(PSN),whereas recrystallisation in the region of the fine κⅣ(～0.4μm)was delayed due to the activation of secondary slip.Grain refinement in areas of the lamellar κⅢ showed significant variation,depending on the lamellar orientation relative to the shear plane of ECAP.As the lamellae deformed,numerous high angle grain boundaries were generated between fragments and served as nucleation sites for recrystallisation,while PSN occurred around spheroidised lamellae.The spreading of the κⅢ particles by ECAP then enhanced the total area of recrystallised grains.     

Dealloying corrosion of anodic and nanometric Mg41Nd5 in solid solution-treated Mg-3Nd-1Li-0.2Zn alloy

The microstructure and chemical compositions of the solid solution-treated Mg-3Nd-1Li-0.2Zn alloy were characterized using optical microscope,scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM),electron probe micro-analyzer(EPMA)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The corrosion behaviour of the alloy was investigated via electrochemical polarization,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS),hydrogen evolution test and scanning Kelvin probe(SKP).The results showed that the microstructure of the as-extruded Mg-3Nd-1Li-0.2Zn alloy contained α-Mg matrix and nanometric second phase Mg41 Nd5.The grain size of the alloy increased significantly with the increase in the heat-treatment duration,whereas the volume fraction of the second phase decreased after the solid solution treatment.The surface film was composed of oxides(Nd2O3,MgO,Li2O and ZnO)and carbonates(MgCO3 and Li2CO3),in addition to Nd.The as-extruded alloy exhibited the best corrosion resistance after an initial soaking of 10 min,whereas the alloy with 4h-solution-treatment possessed the lowest corrosion rate after a longer immersion(1 h).This can be attributed to the formation of Nd-containing oxide film on the alloys and a dense corrosion product layer.The dealloying corrosion of the second phase was related to the anodic Mg41Nd5 with a more negative Volta potential relative to α-Mg phase.The preferential corrosion of Mg41Nd5 is proven by in-situ observation and SEM.The solid solution treatment of Mg-3Nd-1Li-0.2Zn alloy led to a shift in corrosion type from pitting corrosion to uniform corrosion under long-term exposure.     

Reusable and durable electrostatic air filter based on hybrid metallized microfibers decorated with metal-organic-framework nanocrystals

As global air pollution becomes increasingly severe,various types of fibrous filters have been devel-oped to improve air filter performance.However,fibrous filters have limitations such as high packing density that generally causes high-pressure drop and ultimately deterioration in the filtration effi-ciency.High-pressure particulate matter precipitators are limited in terms of scope for commercialization because they require high voltage supplies and ozone generators.In this study,we develop fibrous fil-ters with enhanced durability and improved performance using metallized microfibers decorated with metal-organic-framework(MOF)nanocrystals.Not only does the efficiency of the developed filters remain at or above 97％for 0.50-1.5 μm PMs but the durability also significantly increases.In addi-tion,using the water purification ability of the MOF,we explore the dye degradation effect of the hybrid microfibers by immersing them into Rhodamine B aqueous solution.In such an experiment the Rho-damine B aqueous solution is completely purified by the presence of the hybrid microfibers under the UV irradiation.