矿井高温热害防治个体降温装置研究

近年来高温热害的防治已成为深部煤矿开采过程中亟待解决的重大难题之一。针对高温矿井作业环境的特殊性,基于涡流管的能量分离原理,以井下作业人员个体降温为目标,研究了高温矿井便携式降温工艺和方法。结合现场调研情况,通过综合分析确定其基础参数,并进行降温效果评估。由实验测试可知,进气压力为0.1 MPa,当进口流量为15 L/min,涡流管冷端温降可达到1.2℃,COP值24.72,实际续航能力30 min左右,效果良好。研究成果对改善矿井作业环境、保护高温环境下矿工健康有一定的意义。     

实验条件下煤自然发火期影响因素研究

煤实验自然发火期除了受煤炭自身因素影响以外,实验条件对其影响也很大。根据XK圆柱型煤自然发火实验台的特点和实验数据,对蓄热环境、粒度和供风量等实验条件进行理论分析及实验研究,得到其对实验自然发火期影响规律以及合适的实验条件。研究分析发现,对于周期较短的实验,控温水层温度与实验台内煤体温度的温度差控制在1℃就可以满足误差要求,但对于实验周期60 d的试验需要适当减小散热温度差。环境温度越低,对实验的影响越大。起始供风量应在0.072~0.360 m3/h之间,实验过程中供风量应根据高温区域氧气浓度情况进行调节。     

矿井高温热害防治个体降温装置研究

近年来高温热害的防治已成为深部煤矿开采过程中亟待解决的重大难题之一。针对高温矿井作业环境的特殊性,基于涡流管的能量分离原理,以井下作业人员个体降温为目标,研究了高温矿井便携式降温工艺和方法。结合现场调研情况,通过综合分析确定其基础参数,并进行降温效果评估。由实验测试可知,进气压力为0.1 MPa,当进口流量为15 L/min,涡流管冷端温降可达到1.2℃,COP值24.72,实际续航能力30 min左右,效果良好。研究成果对改善矿井作业环境、保护高温环境下矿工健康有一定的意义。     

新型复合胶体防灭火的技术及应用

根据煤层自然的特点及其对防灭火技术的特殊要求，介绍了一种新型复合胶体的防灭火机理、防灭火特性、注胶工艺及其在矿井煤层自然火灾中的成功应用。     

Investigation into the surface active groups of coal

The oxidation heat of coal is the direct reason leading to coal spontaneous combustion. When coal is exposed in oxygen atmosphere, the physical adsorption and chemisorption happened, and then which resulting chemical reaction followed heat between coal and oxygen. Owing to the complexity and uncertain of molecular structure of coal, it was only reduced that bridge bonds, side chains and O2-containing functional groups in coal may be prone to oxidation in last year, but not to deeply investigate into the structures and the type of the active radicals. In this paper, according to the last achievements in coal structure research, the hypomethylether bond, hypoalkyl bond of (z-carbon atom with hydroxyl and α-oarbon atom with hypomethy side chain andhypomethyl bonds linking up two aromatic hydrocarbon in bridge bonds, and methoxy, aldehydeand alkyls of α-carbon atom with hydroxy in side bonds are inferred to be free radical easily to lead to oxidize coal under the ambient temperature and pressure. The order from strong to weak of oxide activation of the seven surface active groups is aldehyde side chains, hypomethylether bonds, hypoalkyl bonds of α-carbon atom with hydroxyl, hypoalkyl bonds of α-carbon atom with hypomethyl, hypomethyl bonds linking up two aromatic hydrocarbon, methoxy, alkyls side chains of α-carbon atom with hydroxyl. Because of the two unsaturated molecular tracks of O2 unpaired electron clouds of the part of surface active groups of coal enter molecular tracks of O2 to lead to chemisorb on the conjugate effect and induced effect of surface active groups, and then chemical reaction followed heat happens in them. On the basis of change of bond energy, weighted average method is adopted to count the reaction heat value of each tool CO, CO2 and H2O. The property of coal spontaneous combustion is different for the different number and oxidability of the active structure in the coal resulting in the different oxidation heat.     

Experimental simulation and numerical analysis of coal spontaneous combustion process at low temperature

The characteristic of coal spontaneous, combustion includes oxidative property and exothermic capacity. It can really simulate the process of coal spontaneous combustion to use the large-scale experimental unit loading coal ! 000 kg. According to the field change of gas concentration and coal temperature determined through experiment of coal self-ignite at low temperature stage, and on the basis of hydromechanics and heat-transfer theory, some parameters can be calculated at different low temperature stage, such as, oxygen consumption rate, heat liberation intensity. It offers a theoretic criterion for quantitatively analyzing characteristic of coal self-ignite and forecasting coal spontaneous combustion. According to coal exothermic capability and its thermal storage surroundings, thermal equilibrium is applied to deduce the computational method of limit parameter of coal self-ignite. It offers a quantitative theoretic criterion for coal self-ignite forecasting and preventing. According to the measurement and test of spontaneous combustion of Haibei coal, some token parameter of Haibei coal,spontaneous combustion is quantitatively analyzed, such as, spontaneous combustion period of coal, critical temperature, oxygen consumption rate, heat liberation intensity, and limit parameter of coal self-ignite.     

兖州矿区应急救援体系研究

结合矿山救援的特殊要求,以"科学决策、高效救援"为指导思想,构建了"应急组织指挥、应急逃生避险、应急救护队伍、应急救援装备、工伤应急救治、物资应急保障"六位一体的兖州矿区矿山应急救援体系,满足了矿区自救与施救相结合的需求。该体系的建立确保救灾指挥系统高效运行,矿工安全避险逃生,灾区信息及时准确传送,工伤人员得到科学快速救治,救援保障物资及时准确到位。     

胶体防灭火材料阻化性能试验研究

为研究高分子胶体,水玻璃,粉煤灰复合胶体和黄土复合胶体等不同胶体材料对煤自燃氧化的阻化性能及区别,采用煤自燃程序升温试验装置,对不同胶体防灭火材料处理后的煤样的氧化性进行程序升温试验,通过对同等试验条件下各煤样的升温速率、CO产生率、耗氧速率等自燃参数分析判定各种胶体材料的阻化性能。试验结果表明：胶体材料对煤升温速率、CO产生率和耗氧速率均具有一定的抑制作用,且各种胶体材料均具有比水好的阻化效果,其阻化效果由好到差依次为高分子胶体,水玻璃,粉煤灰复合胶体和黄土复合胶体。     

深井综放采空区漏风流场数值模拟及自燃危险区域划分

随着矿井开采深度的增加,地温的升高,带来了系列的灾害现象。分析了高地温综放采空区煤自燃的危险性,研究了采空区氧浓度场及漏风流场。通过对龙固矿N1301综放面采空区漏风场的数值模拟,得出了采空区渗流速度及氧浓度分布。并结合实验得出的放热强度、自然发火期等参数,对采空区浮煤自燃危险区域进行了划分,得到了工作面最小安全推进速度,为2.56m/d。     

硫对煤自燃特性参数影响的实验研究

选取硫含量不同的3种相同煤种在相同条件下进行程序升温实验,对CO、CO2、CH4产生率以及耗氧速率等特性参数进行了研究,从而进一步了解硫对煤自燃的影响,为高硫煤层自然发火防治技术提供理论支持。