Nanocomposite films of V<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>5</Subscript>−MoO<Subscript>3</Subscript> xerogel with poly ethylene oxide intercalation

Poly ethylene oxide (PEO)_x−V₂O₅−V₂O₅−MoO₃ (x=0, 0.5, 1) films were prepared by the sol-gel method. The synthesis and structure of the films were investigated by XRD, TG-DTA, FTIR, etc. The results show that V₂O₅−MoO₃ xerogel has a layered structure and its interlayer space increased from 1.3181 nm at x=0 to 1. 7898 nm at x=1 after the nanocomposite films were dried, and PEO in the interlayer changes the interface structure by forming hydrogen bonds with V=0 bands. CV measurement indicates that the intercalation of PEO improves insertion/extration properties of Li⁺ ions in the interlayer. ZHENG Jin-xia: Born in 1976 Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50172036) and Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No. 2001ABB083)     

永磁材料的发展趋势

永磁材料的发展先后经历了金属永磁材料，铁氧体永磁材料，稀土永磁材料，纳米结构永磁材料等几个发展阶段，超导永磁体则是学术界近年来提出的一种新概念永磁体，本文在对永磁材料的发展历史和发展趋势进行了综合分析之后，对永磁材料今后的发展做出了预测。     

CVD法制备的碳包覆(Fe,Co)纳米粒子的结构及电磁特性

以溶胶—凝胶超临界干燥技术合成的含Fe、Co双金属的SiO2纳米气凝胶为催化剂，采用CVD法高温气相催化裂解甲烷的方法合成了碳包覆铁钴的C—(Fe，Co)／SiO2纳米复合材料。用透射电子显微镜(TEM)，X射线衍射仪(XRD)等对材料的形貌、相结构进行了检测，并采用微波矢量网络分析仪测量了微波频率下材料的复介电常数～↑ε和复磁导率～↑μ。实验表明，C-(Fe，Co)/SiO2纳米复合材料中含有大量碳包覆(Fe，Co)粒子及少量纳米碳管，其中碳包覆（Fe,Co)纳米粒子主要呈球形和椭球形，包覆层为约20层的石墨层；另还有少量的纳米碳管，其端部包覆有不同粒径酌纳米粒子，所制备的复合材料中铁和钴的比例对材料的电磁参数影响较大。     

添加La的纳米复合AgSnO2电接触合金的制备

采用化学共沉淀法制备出纳米复合SnO2,用高能球磨及热压烧结和常压烧结两种工艺制备出纳米复合AgSnO2电接触合金,测定纳米复合电接触合金的主要物理性能,并通过XRD、TEM和FESEM等手段对复合粉末和电接触合金进行了组织结构分析。结果表明,该方法可以制备出性能较好、纳米颗粒均匀弥散分布于Ag基体上的复合电接触合金,同时La的加入有效抑制了SnO2晶粒的长大,提高了纳米SnO2在银基体中分布的均匀性。     

纳米复合永磁材料的研究进展

纳米复合永磁材料兼具硬磁性相的高矫顽力和软磁性相的高饱和磁化强度,磁性能优异。本文综述了纳米复合永磁材料的磁性相晶粒间的交换耦合作用、矫顽力机制、微磁学模拟等理论方面的研究进展,同时论述了成分、添加元素、制备工艺对材料微观结构和磁性能的影响,着重介绍了最有应用价值的快淬法磁粉制备工艺。     

聚氯乙烯/粘土插层纳米复合材料研究进展

综述了PVC／粘土插层纳米复合材料的制备方法、性能特点和类型．着重介绍了当前该纳米复合材料的研究现状及存在的问题。研究结果显示，采用合适的插层改性技术，所制得的纳米复合材料具有优良的阻燃性、热稳定性及力学性能。     

磁约束电感耦合等离子体增强反应溅射沉积nc-TiN/a-Si3N4纳米复合薄膜

介绍一种新型磁束缚电感耦合等离子体增强的物理化学气相沉积复合系统，并用该系统通过反应磁控溅射TiSi合金靶，在氩气和氮气等离子体作用下，在单晶硅衬底上制备了nc—TiN／a—Si3N4纳米复合薄膜．扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子谱仪和高分辨率透射电子显微镜的分析和观察结果清晰地表明该薄膜是具有纳米结构的复合薄膜，主要由镶嵌在非晶态Si3N4基体中的TiN纳米晶粒组成，TiN晶粒的尺寸约为3nm。     

不同改性蒙脱土对聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料性能的影响

采用四种不同的改性剂对蒙脱土进行处理,在三单体固相接枝聚丙烯作用下,将聚丙烯与四种改性蒙脱土进行复合,制备聚丙烯/蒙脱土纳米复合材料,研究了四种复合材料的结构与力学性能.结果表明,经十六烷基三甲基氯化胺或自制的长碳链带有反应基团的不饱和季胺盐改性的蒙脱土与聚丙烯复合可制备性能优良的纳米复合材料,从力学性能来说,十六烷基三甲基氯化铵改性蒙脱土的效果最好.     

PPy/APS-SiO2纳米导电复合材料的合成与表征

用化学氧化聚合复合方法合成聚吡咯／二氧化硅(PPy／SiO2)纳米复合材料。首先用不同百分含量的氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APS)处理SiO2，然后以水为反应介质，通过化学聚合方法合成PPy／APS—SiO2纳米复合材料，并利用红外光谱、热失重、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电镜和四探针等手段进行表征。结果表明，用APS处理过的SiO2合成的复合材料PPy含量增加，且通过XPS看出PPy／APS—SiO2表面富有PPy，而PPy／SiO2表面富有SiO2。其中用1％APS—SiO2合成的复合材料电导率最高，为38．46S／cm。     

Texture of Nanocomposite Nd2Fe14B/α-Fe Melt Spun Ribbons

Highly textured nanocomposite Nd9Fe84.5Nb0.5B6 ribbons were obtained by rapid solidification at wheel speeds from 15 to 20 m·s-1.X-ray diffraction(XRD)shows that these ribbons are preferentially orientated with the c axis of Nd2Fe14B phase perpendicular to the surface of the ribbons.The texture of Nd2Fe14B phase on the free surface is stronger than that on the contact surface and decreases with increase of wheel speed.The texture of Nd2Fe14B phase seems to be caused by the preferential growth of the crystal nuclei favorable orientation with their c-axes along the temperature gradient during rapid solidification,which can be explained by a growth circular cone(GCC).The intensity of the anisotropy can be expressed by the magnitude of the cone generating angle.The supercooling velocity and wheel speed will influence the cone generating angle,which in turn influences the anisotropy.The remanence and maximum energy product in the direction perpendicular to the ribbon surface is much higher than that in the direction parallel with the ribbon surface.High remanence and maximum energy product can be obtained in the direction perpendicular to the ribbon surface.The texture of Nd2Fe14B phase decreases gradually after annealing above 600 ℃,which is mainly attributed to the precipitation of new α-Fe from Nd2Fe14B phase with super-saturated Fe.Decreasing the annealing temperature or reducing the annealing time is beneficial for preserving the anisotropy of Nd2Fe14B phase after annealing.