Characteristics of shell thickness in a slab continuous casting mold

The key to reduce shell breakout in the continuous casting process is to control shell thickness in the mold.A numerical simulation on the turbulent flow and heat transfer coupled with solidification in the slab mold using the volume of fluid (VOF) model and the enthalpy-porosity scheme was conducted and the emphasis was put upon the flow effect on the shell thickness profiles in longitudinal and transverse directions.The results show that the jet acts a stronger impingement on the shell of narrow face,which causes a zero-increase of shell thickness in a certain range near the impingement point.The thinnest shell on the slab cross-section locates primarily in the center of the narrow face,and secondly near the comer of the wide face.Nozzle optimization can obviously increase the shell thickness and make it more uniform.     

Experimental study on Ti+Nb bearing ultra-low carbon bake hardening sheet steel hot-rolled in the ferrite region

A Ti+Nb bearing ultra-low carbon bake hardening sheet steel hot-rolled in the conventional austenite region and in the ferrite region with lubrication was experimentally studied.Subsequent cold rolling and continuous annealing processes were also conducted.The results show that microstructures of ultra-low carbon bake hardening hot strips at room temperature are basically irregular polygonal ferrites.The yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,n value,and r value of the No.2 specimen hot-rolled in the ferr...     

Ultralight X-type lattice sandwich structure (I): Concept,fabrication and experimental characterization

A new type of ultra-lightweight metallic lattice structure (named as the X-type structure) is reported. This periodic structure was formed by two groups of staggered struts in the traditional pyramid structure, and fabricated by folding expanded metal sheet along rows of offset nodes and then brazing the folded structure (as the core) with top and bottom facesheets to form sandwich panels. The out-of-plane compressive and shear properties of the X-type lattice sandwich structure were investigated experimentally and compared to those of the sandwich having a pyramidal truss core. It is found that the formation of the 2-dimensional staggered nodes can effectively make the X-type structure more resistant to inelastic and plastic buckling under both compression and shear loading than the pyramidal lattice truss. Obtained results show that the compressive and shear peak strengths of the X-type lattice structure are about 30% higher than those of the pyramidal lattice truss having the same relative density. Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (“973” Project) (Grant No. 2006CB601202), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10632060,10825210), the National “111” Project of China (Grant No. B06024) and the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (“863” Project) (Grant No. 2006AA03Z519)     

Incoherent scatter spectra due to HF heating in the low ionosphere region

The electron velocity distribution function and the incoherent scatter spectra during ionospheric heating in low ionosphere region are presented with consideration of the elastic collision between electrons and neural particles and the excitation of rotation energy level. The effects of pump frequency and electric fields on the spectra are discussed. With the increase of electric field, the non-Maxwellian feature is enhanced, and with the increase of heating frequency, the non-Maxwellian feature is weakened. The non-Maxwellian factor will bring a large error in ionosphere parameters, which must be considered in the inversion. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 40310223), the National Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Environment (LEME), and National Key Technologies R&D Program of China (Grant No. 2006BAB18B06)     

Development of a unified viscoplasticity constitutive model based on classical plasticity theory

The traditional unified viscoplasticity constitutive model can be only applied to metal materials. The study of the unified constitutive theory for metal materials has discovered the correlation between the classical plasticity theory and the unified viscoplasticity constitutive model, thus leading to the concepts of the classic plastic potential and yield surface in the unified constitutive model. Moreover, this research has given the continuous expression of the classical plastic multiplier and presented the corresponding constructive method, which extends its physical significance and lays down a good foundation for the application of the unified constitutive theory to the material analysis in more fields. This paper also introduces the unified constitutive model for metal materials and geo-materials. The numerical simulation indicates that the construction should be both reasonable and practical. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 90410012)     

Research on indoor experimentation of range SAL imaging system

By means of advantages of both SAR and lidar, the combination of the techniques of (inverse) synthetic aperture and lidar makes it possible to obtain high resolution 2-D image. In this paper, an indoor experimental system of inverse synthetic aperture lidar imaging is given and a processing approach is presented. The given system is in the mode of lidar system with separated receiver and transmitter, which can effectively eliminate the jamming from the lens or/and the intersection between two optic fibers. ...     

Gearbox fault diagnosis of rolling mills using multiwavelet sliding window neighboring coefficient denoising and optimal blind deconvolution

Fault diagnosis of rolling mills, especially the main drive gearbox, is of great importance to the high quality products and long-term safe operation. However, the useful fault information is usually submerged in heavy background noise under the severe condition. Thereby, a novel method based on multiwavelet sliding window neighboring coefficient denoising and optimal blind deconvolution is proposed for gearbox fault diagnosis in rolling mills. The emerging multiwavelets can seize the important signal proce...     

酯交换法合成聚甘油丙烯酸酯

以聚甘油、丙烯酸甲酯为原料，利用酯交换法，以硫酸为催化剂，对苯二酚为阻聚剂，无溶剂，在共沸温度下，合成了一种水溶性聚甘油丙烯酸酯破乳剂。考察了催化剂用量、阻聚剂用量、反应时间、聚甘油中羟基与丙烯酸甲酯之摩尔比、不同聚合度聚甘油合成的聚甘油丙烯酸酯对原油乳状液脱水率的影响。实验表明，考察的影响条件均存在最佳值，即在催化剂用量占反应物总量的2％（w），阻聚剂用量占丙烯酸用量的2％（w），反应时间16h，聚甘油中羟基与丙烯酸甲酯之摩尔比为2．6：1，聚甘油聚合度为6．3，在破乳剂用量为300mg／L时，破乳脱水率达69％。     

带初始材性缺陷梁加固后力学模型研究

既有混凝土结构难免存在带有初始材性缺陷的 ＲＣ构件,其加固可行性及力学行为与正常混凝土构件不同,当前缺乏针对性研究成果。为此,采用玄武岩纤维（ＢＦＲＰ）布加固了 2根混凝土材性不符合设计要求的 ＲＣ梁,另有 1根未加固梁作为对比梁,共计测试了 3根梁。通过试验加载观察缺陷梁在加固前后的受力特征、破坏模式和极限抗弯承载力,分析相应的力学模型,最后根据极限状态下的破坏模式,采用“系杆 －拱”模型推导出缺陷梁加固后极限承载力计算公式。结果表明:随着外荷载和破坏程度的增加,加固梁由正截面抗弯模型进化到“梳状拱”受力模型,再变为极限状态下的“系杆 －拱”模型;梁底 ＢＦＲＰ布加固结合梁端 Ｕ型锚固措施可以有效提高缺陷梁的抗弯刚度、屈服荷载和极限承载力;提出的承载力计算公式计算值和试验值吻合良好且适中保守。     

基于 Ｏ-Ｋ算法的边坡位移时空演化规律研究

传统的位移监测方案通常以对单一点位的监测数据为基础。在对测量结果的评估中,也只考虑单一点位的数据变化情况,而忽略各监测点间监测数据的空间效应。以南京地区某边坡的自动化位移监测数据为依托,通过引入普通克里金（Ｏ-Ｋ）空间插值技术,运用 Ｍａｔｌａｂ平台自主研发了边坡位移时空演化规律分析模块,实现了对目标边坡位移时空演化过程的分析。该模块可以将位移插值误差控制在 5％范围之内,在部分监测数据缺失的情况下,解决了基于实测数据的边坡位移时空演化规律分析问题。