强化工程实践的生物工程专业课程建设改革

为满足社会对生物工程专业人才的需求,在充实专业基础理论教学的基础上,整合部分专业课程内容,改革原有专业课程体系,建立"学习型、实习型、科研型"的实践教学板块,强化工程实践训练,切实培养学生工程技术能力.毕业学生受到用人单位的好评和欢迎.     

Nanomechanics of Surface Modified Nanohydroxyapatite Particulates Used in Biomaterials

Hydroxyapatite is an important constituent of natural bone, and possesses excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity, but its brittle nature limits its use for bone tissue engineering. Nanohydroxyapatite (nanoHAP) has been used in synthesis of biomimetic composites for more than a decade, yet the mechanics of nanoHAP particles is not fully understood. The present work attempts to advance the current understanding of mechanics of hydroxyapatite at nanoscale, by carrying out systematic nanoindentation experiments on nanoHAP and surface modified nanoHAP [prepared by in situ mineralization in presence of polyacrylic acid (PAAc)]. Quantitative nanomodulus maps of both modified and unmodified HAP nanoparticles indicate that various surface features of HAP nanoparticles can be probed. Dips in values of elastic moduli across the nanoparticle surfaces in modified nanohydroxyapatite are indicative of composite responses from both polymer and mineral phases (PAAc-HAP) on the surface. Nanoindentation experiments were performed at 100, 1,000, 3,000, 5,000, and 8,000?μN loads, respectively, to obtain the indentation response from both shallow and deep penetration depths. Nanoindentation results at shallow penetration depths are influenced by nanoscale surface roughness of irregular-shaped HAP nanoparticles and nonuniform distribution of PAAc in the microstructure. Significant nonbonded interactions between HAP and PAAc, as well as the mechanical properties of individual constituents (HAP and PAAc) lead to superior nanomechanical properties of surface-modified nanoHAP as compared to unmodified HAP. The overall inelastic nanomechanical response (including damage leading to reduced overall elastic modulus) is strongly influenced by the nature of the interfaces between the nanoparticles, especially when indent size is much larger than the particle size.     

Generalized dual-phase lag bioheat equations based on nonequilibrium heat transfer in living biological tissues

Based on a nonequilibrium heat transfer model in the living tissue obtained by performing volume average to the local instantaneous energy equations for blood and tissues, the dual-phase lag bioheat equations with blood or tissue temperature as sole unknown temperature are obtained by eliminating the tissue or blood temperature from the nonequilibrium model. The present dual-phase model successfully overcame the drawbacks of the existing dual-phase lag bioheat equation obtained by simply modifying the classical Pennes bioheat equation. Under the dual-phase model developed in this work, the phase lag times are expressed in terms of the properties of blood and tissue and the interphase convective heat transfer coefficient and blood perfusion rate. The phase lag times for heat flux and temperature gradient for the living tissue are estimated using the available properties from the literature. It is found that the phase lag times for heat flux and temperature gradient for the living tissue are very close to each other.     

生物工程中的微操作机器人系统

对微操作在生物工程的作用作了简要叙述,着重介绍了当前国内外微操作机器人系统的发展状况。在广泛调研的基础上提出了比较理想并切实可行的面向生物工程的微操作机器人系统的物理结构。     

EPDM Elastomer and Biothermoplastic Polyester-based Silicate-layered Multifunctional Nanocomposites Incorporated with Poly(MA-alt-α-olefin)-g-APTS-SiO2 NPs and PP-g-MA by Reactive Extrusion Nanotechnology

Multifunctional polymer blend nanocomposites consisting EPDM elastomer as a matrix polymer, bioengineering polyesters (PLA and PCL), PP-g-MA compatibilizer and covalently encapsulated colloidal alternating reactive copolymer-g-γ-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane-silica nanoparticles as reactive compatibilizer nanofillers, and organoclay (reactive ODA-MMT and complexable DMDA-MMT) nanofillers were fabricated in melt by a one-step reactive extrusion nanotechnology. The effects of bioengineering polyesters and their molecular mass, origin of organology, and reactive PP-g-MA compatibilizer were evaluated. Unique nanostructures, lower particle sizes and crystallinity, SEM–TEM morphologies, higher thermal behaviors, good mechanical and rheological properties of thermoplastic multifunctional nanocomposites were evaluated.     

The Enhancement of Salmonid Rivers in the Republic of Ireland1

The paper describes (a) the methodologies which are used to carry out bioengineering baseline surveys of Irish salmonid rivers, and (b) the value of these exercises as a tool to identify the extent and degree of habitat degradation. The role of pilot instream physical enhancement schemes (in assessing the value of particular work schedules) is outlined, and the impact of excessive bankside vegetation on salmonid stocks is illustrated. Costs and benefits in relation to both a number of instream physical enhancement programmes and shrub-pruning exercises are illustrated and compared with the gains which might be achieved from spending the same amount of money on stocking juvenile salmon. The rationale for undertaking such programmes in the Republic of Ireland is outlined.     

食品及生物工程中的过程耦合技术

过程耦合是将反应、传热及传质等两个（包括自身）或两个以上操作单元有机地结合起来进行联合操作的过程。本文介绍了过程耦合技术在食品及生物工程中的研究及应用现状，并在此基础上论述了耦合过程的研究前景。     

真空与冷冻在生物工程下游技术中的应用

本文就冷冻浓缩与真空冷冻或华干燥操作的理论基础及典型应用系统的设备组成进行了一些介绍，阐述了针对生物制品冷冻浓缩与真空冷冻升华干燥系统的工艺过程及影响因素，并针对生物制品的特性指出了其操作中的一些注意事项，还详细讨论了生物制品冷冻或华干燥各阶段影响其操作时间和生产效率的若干因素，最后阐述了冷冻浓缩与真空升华干燥对生物制品的适用性。