Application of ground-penetrating radar in measuring the density of asphalt pavements and its relationship to mechanical properties

The ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a proven technology that is used typically to determine the thicknesses of pavement layers. This paper explores the applicability of the GPR to assess the density of the asphalt layer in pavements. The measurements were conducted on three test sections that were constructed using different asphalt mixtures. Each of the test sections was divided into sub-test sections that were compacted using different compaction methods and number of roller passes in order to achieve a range of asphalt mixture densities. The results showed that there was very good correlation between the GPR results and density of extracted field cores. Consequently, the paper examines the correlation between density and mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures. The results of the mechanical tests provided valuable information on the effect of density on performance.     

面向多元发展需求的城市设计项目组织 ——以汉堡—威廉斯堡国际建筑展和港口新城项目为例

结合德国汉堡组织的威廉斯堡国 际建筑展和港口新城的两个案例,本文对汉 堡近年来平衡经济增长和强化社会认同的多 重城市设计工作进行了总结。文章首先阐释了 多元合作城市设计工作模式的内涵,同时指出 西方国家城市面临经济结构调整、社会群体 多元化和全球化的挑战,满足多元人群差异 化需求的城市设计策略在地方政府的发展政 策中占据了核心地位,国际建筑展成为发掘地 方需求,推动多样性发展的重要工具。威廉 斯堡在汉堡市政府支持下,通过一系列城市设 计项目与当地居民加强沟通,鼓励社区实现差 异化发展,重视培育居民对当地的认同感,提 升环境的质量和可持续性。港口新城则在以 前港口用地进行再开发的过程中,强调功能混 合和强化城市多样性的目标,提出了较为灵活 的城市设计原则,帮助人们在开发和施工过程 中不断改进,以确保城市开发的多样性。     

New social movements and gentrification in Hamburg and Stockholm: A comparative study

Ottensen and Söder(malm) are old inner-city, working-class districts in Hamburg and Stockholm, respectively. In both quarters, the class composition of the population has changed since the 1960s in favour of the middle class. Parallel to this, the housing stock has been upgraded in physical, economic and aesthetic terms. Thus, in both cases, a gentrification process may be discerned. However, Ottensen and Söder have become very different places; one reason may be the role that new social movements have played in the struggle for the urban environment. The new social movements turned Ottensen into The Alternative Quarter (alternativer Stadtteil), and it is still known as such. This article shows how they did it and then compares Ottensen to the Söder case, where gentrification has gone deeper, particularly since the 1980s. Using Ottensen as a yardstick, the conditions are identified that made the new social movement less productive here in the struggle over space, despite the favourable conditions. The article thus foregrounds the differences in opportunity structures and the spaces available for the new social movements to reappropriate.     

不同叶面肥在玫瑰香葡萄设施延后栽培中的应用初探

以设施栽培玫瑰香葡萄为试材,在采前30 d喷施叶面肥,研究不同肥料对果实品质、叶片叶绿素含量、枝条成熟度的影响,以获得玫瑰香葡萄设施延后栽培的最适叶面肥。结果表明:在果实成熟前30 d喷施7种叶面肥对果实大小和可溶性固形物含量无影响;7种叶面肥对葡萄枝条基部叶片、1/2叶片的叶绿素含量降低有显著的抑制作用,可以延缓叶片衰老、黄化,其中喷施肥疫宝对枝条基部叶片以及喷施农丰收对1/2叶片的效果最好;喷施超高磷钾、KH2PO4可以显著提高葡萄枝条的成熟度。使用肥疫宝、农丰收、超高磷钾可以起到预期的效果。     

汉堡港岸地区的转型过程

本文首先分析了海港城市结构变化的背景，介绍了城市开发宏观背景下的汉堡港开发。随后描述了汉堡重要的用途置换计划“珍珠项链（Perlenkette）”、哈尔堡内河港，港口城市以及“跨越易北河”，最终将这些项目在港口／城市开发的框架中定位。     

城市更新中的生态策略——以汉堡港口新城为例

城市更新层面的生态策略,有助于城区环境的改善及城市的可持续发展.汉堡港口新城采取对污染土壤进行整治、高效利用土地、推行公共交通和非机动车交通出行、采取低碳供热及构建环保建筑认证体系等生态规划策略,将生态规划、建设、运营及宣传有机结合,取得了棕地改造项目的成功.     

汉堡港口及沿岸地区改造

本文介绍了德国汉堡港口及沿岸地区改造的实例。在特殊的场地条件下,依照特殊的规划条例进行改造和实施的手法有着积极的借鉴意义。