A statistical study on selected process parameters of electrospraying

Deposition time is a key factor in determining application ease, time, and cost of electrospraying. This statistical study investigates the contribution of process parameters of electrospraying on deposition time when conducted for the application of commercially available fluoropolymer resin onto cotton fabric. The results showed that solution viscosity was highly significant on deposition time, and any variation in other parameters would cause highly significant changes in deposition time for the solutions with a higher viscosity/fluoropolymer resin concentration.     

Resorcinol-formaldehyde based carbon nanospheres by electrospraying

Carbon nanospheres were synthesized using sol-gel processing of organic and aqueous resorcinol formaldehyde (RF) sols combined with electrospraying technique. RF sol was electrosprayed to form nano-droplets which were collected on a Si wafer. After oven drying at 60°C for 12 h, RF nano-droplets were pyrolyzed at 900°C in an inert atmosphere to yield the carbon nanospheres. This study reports the optimization of various process parameters including needle diameter, applied electric potential and liquid flow rate in order to get spherical, mono-disperse particles. For the organic RF sol, the optimized parameters, needle diameter 0·241 mm, electric potential, 1·5 kV/cm and a flow rate of 0sd8 ml/h, enabled the synthesis of nearly monodispersed carbon nano-spheres with diameter of 30·2 ± 7·1 nm. With the same conditions, aqueous RF sol produced irregularly shaped nanoparticles with a smaller mean diameter and much higher variance (17·4 ± 8·0 nm). The surface properties were significantly influenced by the surface morphologies as demonstrated by the water contact angle (WCA) studies. The surface covered with the RF derived carbon nano-spheres was extremely hydrophilic (WCA 10·1°) as compared to a much weaker hydrophilicity of the RF derived carbon films (WCA 83·3°). The hydrophilic carbon nanospheres reported here may have potential applications as adsorbents and in controlled drug delivery, biosensors and carbon-based microelectromechanical systems (C-MEMS) including bio-MEMS. Dedicated to Prof. C N R Rao on his 75th birthday     

Preparation,optimization, and characterization of simvastatin nanoparticles by electrospraying: An artificial neural networks study

The purpose of this study was to determine major factors impacting the size of simvastatin (SIM)‐loaded poly(d , l ‐lactic‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) that was prepared using electrospraying. Three variables including concentration of polymer and salt as well as solvent flow rate were used as input variables. Size of NPs was considered as output variable. For the first time, our findings using a systematic and experimental approach, showed the importance of salt concentration as the dominant factor determining the size with a sharp and reverse effect. Optimum formulation (i.e., flow rate 0.08 mL h^?1, polymer concentration 0.7 w/v %, and salt concentration 0.8 mM) was then evaluated for aqueous solubility, encapsulation efficiency, particle size, in vitro drug release pattern and cytotoxicity. A very appreciable encapsulation efficiency (90.3%) as well as sustained release profile, considerable enhancement in aqueous solubility (～5.8 fold) and high IC₅₀ (>600 µM of SIM‐loaded PLGA NPs) indicated PLGA as a promising nanocarrier for SIM. The optimum formulation had particle size, zeta potential value, polydispersity index (PDI) and drug loading of 166 nm, +3 mV, 0.62 and 9%, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43602.     

静电喷涂制备超高分子量聚乙烯锂电池复合隔膜

通过静电喷涂技术成功制备出一种超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)锂电池复合隔膜。首先通过研究溶液浓度及电压等因素对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)溶液静电喷涂的影响,确定最佳喷涂条件为PVDF质量分数3%,喷涂电压21 k V。然后通过在超高分子量聚乙烯隔膜上静电喷涂PVDF颗粒,制备出复合隔膜。最后,对该复合隔膜的孔隙率、热稳定性、充放电性能测试。结果表明,该隔膜的孔隙率从46.5%提高到73.1%;纵向热收缩率从2.6%降低到1.3%;首次放电容量比相应的超高分子量聚乙烯隔膜提高了4.2%,经过50次循环,稳定性良好,可作为锂离子电池隔膜使用。     

聚偏氟乙烯/纳米二氧化硅/超高分子量聚乙烯锂电池复合隔膜的制备

通过静电喷涂技术成功制备出一种超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)锂电池复合隔膜。首先研究了纳米二氧化硅(SiO2)在聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)溶液中的添加量对PVDF/SiO2共混溶液静电喷涂的影响,确定最佳喷涂条件。然后在UHMWPE膈膜上静电喷涂PVDF/SiO2微球,制备出PVDF/SiO2/UHMWPE复合隔膜。最后,对该复合隔膜的孔隙率、热稳定性、充放电性能进行测试。结果表明,该隔膜的孔隙率从46.5%提高到63.1%;纵向热收缩率从2.6%降低到1.3%;在0.2C充放电倍率下,首次放电比容量比相应的UHMWPE隔膜提高了32.5%,经过50次循环,放电比容量稳定,保持在155.7mAh/g左右。     

同轴电喷射制备中空聚氨酯微囊及其原位固定化脂肪酶

利用同轴电喷射技术,分别以含水甘油和溶解于N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAC)的聚氨酯(PU)溶液为内、外相电喷液,制备中空PU微囊,考察了电喷液组成及流速对其结构的影响. 结果表明,以80%(?)甘油溶液和10%(?) PU溶液为内、外相电喷液,在流速分别为0.05和1 mL/h、电压约22 kV、针头距接收板48 cm、温度30℃、湿度约10%的条件下,可制备出结构均一的中空PU微囊. 在上述电喷射条件下,将南极假丝酵母脂肪酶B (CALB)溶解于内相电喷液中,原位包埋在PU微囊腔室内. 固定化CALB的活性回收率为游离酶的76.19%,重复使用10次后活性仍保持60%以上,60℃下的半衰期比游离酶提高了8倍.     

Electrosprayed poly(vinyl alcohol) particles: preparation and evaluation of their drug release profile

Encapsulation of bioactive molecules within polymeric particles is a challenge because of several limitations, including low drug‐loading efficiency, unwanted release profile, polydispersity and batch‐to‐batch variation in reproducibility, along with the limitations of scaling up the process. It is essential to control the morphology of pure polymer particles in the first instance, in order to obtain the desired release profile of drugs from the particles during a later stage. Here we report the preparation of electrosprayed particles from a water‐soluble US Food and Drug Administration‐recognized polymer, namely poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), as an approach towards a short‐term drug delivery vehicle. Through electrospraying and varying the solvent ratios, three different sizes of particles were prepared, with sizes ranging from 500 to 2000 nm. Insulin was chosen as a model bioactive molecule, and the release profile of the drug was studied after its incorporation in the PVA particles. Fractional release plots obtained showed short‐term release of insulin within the first 60 min. Release curves were analyzed according to the Ritger–Peppas model, suggesting Fickian diffusion as the predominant insulin release mechanism from the PVA particles. This work suggests electrosprayed PVA particles as an innovative drug delivery system for short‐term administration of drugs. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

Nanoencapsulation of black seed oil by coaxial electrospraying: characterisation,oxidative stability and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion

In this study, black seed oil-loaded zein nanoparticles were produced via coaxial electrospraying. Nanoparticles obtained under optimised conditions had a uniform morphology with a mean diameter of 136 nm and a core–shell structure verified by confocal laser scanning microscope. The encapsulation efficiency of the oil in nanoparticles ranged from 65.3 to 97.2%. The peroxide value of oil in nanoparticles with high encapsulation efficiency was approximately three times lower than unencapsulated oil when stored at 60 °C for 55 days. The totox value of the encapsulated oil in nanoparticles stored at 25 °C was lower than the critical totox value of 30. The amount of thymoquinone released from encapsulated oil was low at the end of the gastric digestion, but the bioaccessibility of thymoquinone from encapsulated oil increased during intestinal digestion compared with free oil. These results demonstrated the successful nanoencapsulation of black seed oil with the improved oxidative stability due to the coaxial structures formed. Black seed oil-loaded zein particles may have the potential to expand the use of black seed oil as a functional ingredient for food systems.     

功能化纤维素:PET纤维沸石分子筛复合材料对神经毒剂的解毒性研究(英文)

Presently activated carbon is used as an adsorptive material for chemical and biological warfare agents. It possess excellent surface properties such as large surface area, fire-resistance and plenty availability, but has disadvantages such as its heavy weight, low breathability (after adsorption of moisture) and disposal. In this paper, we propose to utilize novel electrospun polymeric nanostructures having zeolites as catalyst materials. In this respective, the electrospun polymer nanofibers would serve as the best possible substitutes to activated carbon based protective clothing applications. This is the first in the literature that reports the integration of these types of catalysts with nanofiberous membranes. Electrospinning of cellulose/polyethylene terephthalate (PET) blend nanofibers has been carried out. Zeolite catalysts (Linde Type A and Mordenite) for the detoxification of nerve agent stimulant-paraoxon, were prepared due to their relative simplicity of synthesis. The catalysts were then coated onto nanofiber membranes and their morphology was confirmed using SEM. This is the first report on the coating of nanofibers with zeolites and their successful demonstration against nerve agent stimulant. The UV absorption spectra clearly show the detoxification ability of the functionalized fibers and their potential to be used in textiles for protection and decontamination.