HG-30型高速卷烟胶的研制

采用正交法设计试验,确定了最佳工艺条件,制得的HG-30型高速卷烟胶具有初粘性好、干燥速度快、粘接强度大、粘贴平滑、废品率低,满足卷烟车速在5000～8000支/分钟的要求。     

The price of cigarettes in the European Union

BACKGROUND: A major factor influencing tobacco use is its price. Fiscal policies on tobacco are a key ingredient of any comprehensive control strategy, as they can be used to raise prices. The European Union (EU) developed directives to ensure some harmonisation of the fiscal pressure on tobacco across its member states. OBJECTIVES: To provide a simple comparison of tobacco prices in the EU, adjusting for the purchasing power of each currency. DESIGN: For price comparisons, a 20 units pack of Marlboro was the reference product, and data refer to April 2000. Purchasing power parities (PPP) for each member state currency have been compiled. These are currency conversion rates, which convert to a common currency and equalise the purchasing power of different currencies. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Nominal prices of a Marlboro pack for each member state, and a price index, estimated taking as reference the EU mean. Adjusted prices and an adjusted price index have been estimated using PPP. RESULTS: Nominal prices show wide variation, with the cheapest pack in Portugal (59) and the most expensive in the UK (196); the range of variation is three-fold. However, PPP adjusted prices reveal a different distribution. In three countries adjusted prices are outliers, but all other countries make two clusters, one around the average EU index of 100, the other around a lower value of 85. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that fiscal harmonisation policies in the EU do not have an even effect at reducing availability by its impact in price.     

烟草中挥发性添加剂转移率研究

在全面回顾有关烟丝的物理化学性质以及燃烧烟支中烟气形成机理的相关文献基础上,介绍了自20世纪60年代以来关于卷烟中挥发性添加剂向主流烟气转移的研究进展情况,并从三个方面对提高挥发性添加剂转移率的方法进行简要评述与分析。     

超临界CO_2流体萃取糊毛烟净油成分分析及其对卷烟感官质量的影响研究

利用超临界CO2流体萃取技术萃取糊毛烟叶制备糊毛烟净油,所得净油为红褐色澄清透亮的溶液,得率为5%。净油经GC-MS分析鉴定,其中含有大量的烟草特征致香化合物如茄酮、麦斯明、香叶基丙酮、β-紫罗兰酮、2,3-联吡啶、巨豆三烯酮、六氢法尼醇、植酮、新植二烯、法尼基丙酮等,和异戊酸、乳酸、己酸、乙酰丙酸、苯甲酸、苯乙酸、十二酸、十四酸、十六酸等有机酸。卷烟加香评吸结果表明该净油能提升烟草本身香气,增加特征烟香,使烟气质地细腻柔和,抑制刺激性,掩盖杂气,并能赋予卷烟独特的风格特征,可明显提升卷烟的抽吸品质,是一种理想的高品质烟用香料。     

多孔无机材料在卷烟减害降焦应用进展

多孔材料添加剂因其具有大比表面积、高效吸附及表面化学可修饰性而越来越受到烟草科技工作者的青睐。总结了微孔活性炭、分子筛和介孔材料作为吸附剂和催化剂降低卷烟烟气中的有害成分,并提出了今后多孔材料在卷烟烟气减害降焦中的研究方向。     

卷烟主流烟气中主要酚类含量的分析研究

采用高效液相色谱法对56种卷烟主流烟气中4种主要酚类化合物(对苯二酚、间苯二酚、邻苯二酚和苯酚)进行含量测定,结果表明,在卷烟主流烟气中:(1)对苯二酚、邻苯二酚和苯酚的含量随着卷烟档次的提高整体上均有升高的趋势,但苯酚含量波动较大;(2)间苯二酚的含量与卷烟档次无明显规律性,但是这4种酚类化合物总含量随着卷烟档次整体上有升高的趋势;(3)烤烟型卷烟中,对苯二酚、间苯二酚和邻苯二酚的含量整体上比在混合型中的高,但苯酚的含量整体上比在混合型中的略低;(4)国外混合型卷烟中,这4种酚类化合物的含量整体上均比在国内混合型卷烟中的高,而且苯酚高出了很多。     

低引燃倾向卷烟的研究进展

低引燃倾向卷烟作为一种安全型卷烟,能有效降低卷烟引起火灾的风险。本文介绍了卷烟的引燃倾向,对低引燃倾向卷烟制备技术的研究进展、卷烟纸特性及涂布方式进行了综述,并提出研究中存在的一些问题。     

Cigarette Smoke Affects ABCAl Expression via Liver X Receptor Nuclear Translocation in Human Keratinocytes

Cutaneous tissue is the first barrier against outdoor insults. The outer most layer of the skin, the stratum corneum (SC), is formed by corneocytes embedded in a lipid matrix (cholesterol, ceramide and fatty acids). Therefore, the regulation of lipids and, in particular, of cholesterol homeostasis in the skin is of great importance. ABCA1 is a membrane transporter responsible for cholesterol efflux and plays a key role in maintaining cellular cholesterol levels. Among the many factors that have been associated with skin diseases, the environmental stressor cigarette smoke has been recently studied. In the present study, we demonstrate that ABCA1 expression in human cells (HaCaT) was increased (both mRNA and protein levels) after CS exposure. This effect was mediated by the inhibition of NFkB (aldehydes adducts formation) that allows the translocation of liver X receptor (LXR). These findings suggest that passive smoking may play a role in skin cholesterol levels and thus affect cutaneous tissues functions.     

桔梗浸膏挥发性成分GC-MS分析及在卷烟中的应用研究

采用气相色谱-质谱分析技术(GC-MS)分析了桔梗浸膏的挥发性成分及其相对含量,共鉴定出42种主要成分,占总峰面积的88.06%,主要为亚油酸甲酯、棕榈酸、邻苯二甲酸二异辛酯、亚麻酸甲酯、糠醛、丹皮酚、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯等,这些物质是构成卷烟香味的重要物质。对桔梗浸膏在卷烟中进行了添加实验,结果表明,桔梗浸膏具有改善和修饰卷烟吸味、丰满烟气、减轻刺激性的作用。将0.1%桔梗浸膏添加到卷烟中,能明显提高卷烟抽吸品质。     

新型多孔吸附剂在卷烟降焦中的应用研究

研究了合成的新型多孔无机吸附剂应用于卷烟过滤嘴降低卷烟焦油量,金属掺杂可提高吸附剂的吸附、过滤效率,新型吸附剂可降低卷烟焦油量达到3 mg/支,降焦率可达25%。