海洋微生物腐蚀的研究进展

介绍了国内外海洋微生物腐蚀研究的最新进展,讨论了海洋中影响金属腐蚀的几类微生物,评述了微生物腐蚀研究中涉及的微生物的培养,测量方法以及表面分析手段;简介了不锈钢,铜和铜合金,镍合金的微生物腐蚀的特征和最新研究进展,并展望了微生物腐蚀研究的发展趋势。     

核酸发酵液抑菌成分的分离提取

对核酸发酵液的抗菌活性进行了初步研究 ,发现核酸发酵液有一定抗菌活性。将发酵液在 pH 7条件下浓缩后调节到酸性 ,用石油醚萃取 ,分离出一种不易溶于冷水 ,易溶于乙醇、石油醚及碱溶液的结晶 ,该结晶的抗菌活性比发酵原液提高 3 4倍。     

鱿鱼鱼精蛋白的抑菌作用及在保鲜中的应用

以鱿鱼精巢组织为原料,从中分离提取鱼精蛋白。确定其对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)后,将其添加到新鲜的鱼糜制品中,研究了pH值、无机成分、有机成分和其他化学物质对鱼精蛋白抑菌活性的影响。结果表明,鱼精蛋白是一种有效的天然食品防腐剂。     

金属诱导法低温多晶硅薄膜的制备与研究

利用金属诱导晶化 ( Metal Induced Crystallization,MIC)的方法研究了 a- Si/ Ni的低温晶化 ,MIC晶化温度能降低到 44 0℃ .采用 XRD、Raman、SEM、XPS等分析手段研究了 Ni- MIC多晶硅薄膜的特性 ,对薄膜结构和组成进行了分析 ,对晶化过程的机理进行了讨论     

头孢哌酮/舒巴坦体外抗菌活性的研究

目的 研究头咆哌酮单用,及与舒巴坦联用在体外的抗菌活性。方法 采用琼脂平板稀释法测定头孢哌酮/舒巴坦(SPZ,比例1:1)、头孢哌酮(CPZ)和舒巴坦(SBT)对8种322株临床常见致病菌的最低抑菌浓度(MIC),并统计MIC₅₀、MIC₉₀ 、IC₅₀等数值。结果 除金黄色葡萄球菌外,SPZ对其它7种致病菌的抗菌活性均强于CPZ,MIC₉₀值均下降2~4倍;SPZ对肺炎链球菌、流感嗜血杆菌的MIC₅₀值较CPZ有极大的降低;SPZ对53.2%的肠菌科细菌和40.7%的绿脓假单胞菌的MIC值有2倍以上的降低,9.04%的肠杆菌科细菌和33.3%的绿脓假单胞菌对CPZ耐药,52.9 %和50.0 %的CPZ耐药菌对SPZ敏感。SBT虽对受试菌均无明显抗菌活性,但其可能通过对β-内酰胺酶的抑制作用,提高了CPZ的抗菌活性。结论 SPZ可适用于CPZ耐药菌引起的严重感染。     

不同种群硫酸盐还原菌腐蚀行为研究

本实验选择了５个油田（包括江汉,吉林,长度,胜利和宝浪）采油厂污水中硫酸盐还原菌作为种源,在培养基中采用静态挂片测其平均腐蚀速度,细菌新陈代谢产物及腐蚀产物的分析借助于气相色谱／质谱联用技术（ＧＣ／ＭＳ）及Ｘ衍射（ＸＲＤ）。结果表明,细菌腐蚀行为的差异与细菌本身的活性有关,细菌的种群不同,新陈代谢产生的有机酸不同。其中活性高的硫酸盐还原菌代谢产物以丙酸为主,细菌腐蚀也最严重,其余的以丁酸为主;有机     

Maximum power point tracking controller implementation in multiple input converter for effective solar energy harvesting using maximum power point resistance method

Solar energy is widely acknowledged as one of the most promising renewable energy sources for addressing future electrical energy demands. Photovoltaic modules (PVms) convert solar energy into electrical energy and are highly sensitive to nonlinear changes in environmental circumstances, which in turn affect the generation of electricity from the PVms. The module-level maximum power point tracking (MPPT) of PVms using multiple input converters (MICs) is the effective and cost-efficient method among all the methodologies and techniques. MICs, on the other hand, suffer from a cross power-sharing difficulty due to their modular design, which implies that the individual cells that make up the device impact on each other's power-sharing operation. The solution to which have been ignored in the literature. The objective of this paper is to employ the maximum power point resistance (MPPR) approach to determine an appropriate duty ratio range for the proposed MIC while taking into consideration the cross effect of different cells. Steady-state, power loss, and efficiency analysis of the proposed MIC structure with less component count have been included. The proposed approach has been validated experimentally and further, a comparative analysis with recently reported various approaches has also been included to prove the suitability of the proposed approach.     

深海装备微生物腐蚀研究现状及发展趋势

主要介绍了深海装备微生物腐蚀机制，回顾了深海装备微生物腐蚀现状，分析并概述了微生物腐蚀的研究趋势，并对这一研究领域的影响因素进行了讨论。目前深海微生物腐蚀研究不多，且深海微生物环境模拟方法和技术也存在很多不足和不确定因素，应加强以应用为目的的深海装备微生物腐蚀性能研究，探索其在深海极端环境中的腐蚀规律和防护方法，并建立深海微生物腐蚀数据库，为今后深海装备的设计应用、防腐等性能的提高提供强有力的支持和保障。     

Identification of steel corrosion associated with sulfate-reducing bacteria by electrochemical noise technique

Deterioration of steel structures in natural waters can result from microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) such as that caused by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Corrosion pits associated with MIC have been recently observed in submerged steel bridge piles and there is renewed interest to assess their deterioration. Conventional electrochemical techniques to identify MIC have been complicated due to the effects of the surface films and the mechanism for charge transfer by the bacteria on the steel surface. An electrochemical noise (EN) technique to identify steel corrosion in an aqueous solution has been developed and the method ideally can identify the onset of local pitting, but complications and limitations relating to data acquisition, filtering, and interpretation exist. EN analysis was shown to differentiate SRB and corrosion activity including initial biofilm development, pitting corrosion development, and diminution of SRB activity. Electrochemical behavior, environmental characteristics, SRB activity, and corrosion modality provided consistent correlation to EN and localized corrosion development.