老化SBS改性沥青二次改性再生工艺及机理研究

为研究老化SBS改性沥青的二次改性再生效果,比较不同工艺对再生效果的影响,首先通过常规试验、SHRP试验选择恰当的SBS改性沥青老化模拟方式,然后对添加SBS改性剂、新沥青进行再生的3种工艺展开研究,并借助红外光谱试验分析不同掺加顺序对老化SBS改性沥青再生效果的影响,确定了改性剂及新、旧沥青的最佳比例和最佳工艺。结果表明:采用RTFOT试验进行老化模拟更加方便、科学,RTFOT试验5h获得的改性沥青指标与服务年龄为7年的SBS改性沥青一致;SBS改性剂、新沥青添加顺序与老化沥青再生效果关系密切,先将SBS改性剂和新沥青混合制备改性沥青,再将改性沥青与老化沥青混合的工艺可使再生沥青性能最佳,其中SBS最佳掺量为4%,新、旧沥青质量比为2。     

Experimental investigation on preparation and performance of clear asphalt

Abstract

Coloured micro-surfacing technology has become increasingly popular in pavement construction because of its economic benefit and ability to accept traffic quickly. The main goal of this study was to produce a clear asphalt with superior performance that can be easily emulsified. Two types of resin that are easy to emulsify and one kind of extract oil were used to synthesise the clear asphalt. The clear asphalt was mixed with a styrene butadiene styrene (SBS) modifier at different proportions using a mechanical agitator. The physical properties of the samples were determined via conventional bitumen tests and the optimum formula was obtained by changing the mixture ratio through orthogonal experimentation. The thin-film oven test evaluated the ageing property of the clear asphalt. The surface energy components corresponding to the advancing process and the receding process were determined using the Wilhelmy plate method. The surface free energy (SFE) of the aggregates was measured with a gravimetric sorption analyser. The adhesive bond energies between asphalt samples and aggregates were calculated using their SFE components to evaluate their properties of fracture and healing. Results show that depending on the amount and type of resin added, different synthetic clear asphalts can be obtained. Further, the clear asphalt mixed with SBS is capable of synthesising better properties at high or low temperature. The clear asphalt with aggregates had fracture and healing properties similar to common base asphalt.     

溶剂对SBS粘合剂胶液粘度影响规律

对以ＳＢＳ为基料的纸塑复合型粘合剂,溶液粘度受溶剂的影响很大。实验表明,在１７℃时,选用适当的混合溶剂,其溶度参数与氢键指数之和在１０．７时,可以使一定固含量的胶液粘度稳定在１．６Ｐａ·ｓ左右,从而达到良好的粘接性能。根据生产需要,选用１２０号溶剂油和工业甲苯为混合溶剂组份。测定１２０号溶剂油密度,代入推导出的公式中,可以较为准确地计算出不同批次的１２０号溶剂油溶度参数和氢键指数。以工业甲苯调节使混合溶剂溶度参数和氢键指数之和为１０．７左右,能够使生产出的胶液稳定在良好的粘度范围内。     

二氯二茂钛的合成及其对SBS加氢催化性能的研究

以二聚环戊二烯(dicyclopentadiene)为原料,将其裂解得到环戊二烯(cyclopentadiene,Cp);在二乙胺存在的条件下将其与四氯化钛反应,合成了二氯二茂钛(titanocene dichloride,TDC),并以合成的目标产物作为丁苯嵌段共聚物(SBS)加氢催化剂,对其催化性能进行了研究。当加氢反应温度为70℃,压力为2.0MPa,催化剂用量为0.4mmol/100g聚合物时,SBS中加氢度达到94.2%。说明目标产物具有良好的催化性能。     

Reduction of Noise from Disc Brake Systems Using Composite Friction Materials Containing Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs)

Attempts have been made for the first time to prepare a friction material with the characteristic of thermal sensitive modulus, by the inclusion of thermoplastic elastomers (TPE) as viscoelastic polymeric materials into the formulation in order to the increase the damping behavior of the cured friction material. Styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS), styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS) and nitrile rubber/polyvinyl chloride (NBR/PVC) blend system were used as TPE materials. In order to evaluate the viscoelastic parameters such as loss factor (tan δ) and storage modulus (E′) for the friction material, dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) were used. Natural frequencies and mode shapes of friction material and brake disc were determined by modal analysis. However, NBR/PVC and SEBS were found to be much more effective in damping behavior. The results from this comparative study suggest that the damping characteristics of commercial friction materials can be strongly affected by the TPE ingredients. This investigation also confirmed that the specimens with high TPE content had low noise propensity.     

光纤中受激布里渊散射的应用及研究进展

简单介绍了光纤中受激布里渊散射的研究进展,阐述了受激布里渊散射在光纤传感器、光纤陀螺及相位共轭镜中应用的基本原理和研究现状以及光纤传感器、光纤陀螺和相位共轭镜目前的发展现状,评述了基于受激布里渊散射的传感器和相位共轭镜未来的发展前景。     

辽河减渣为基质沥青的SBS改性沥青储存稳定性

在评价SBS改性沥青储存稳定性的基础上,对国内外已报道的无机物类稳定剂进行了筛选。并研究了无机物类稳定剂对辽河减渣为基质沥青的SBS改性沥青储存稳定性的影响。实验结果表明,使用无机物为稳定剂,改善了基质沥青与聚合物改性剂之间的相溶性,能很好地提高以辽河减渣为基质沥青的改性沥青与SBS改性剂的溶解度,使SBS改性沥青上下层软化点之差在0.2℃左右,远远低于交通部JTJ036-98标准。同时,由于稳定剂的加入,提高SBS改性沥青的储存稳定性,即使在长期储存和运输过程中,改性剂与基质沥青之间也不发生分层、离析现象,有效地克服了目前沥青路面施工中普遍使用的现场拌和法、母液法和预处理等方法所存在的缺点,可以在沥青生产过程中将稳定剂一次性加入,即减少了沥青路面施工成本又减少生产步骤。     

纳米TiO_2/SBS/PS复合材料的制备及性能

采用钛酸酯偶联剂对 Ti O2 进行表面处理并与聚苯乙烯 ( PS)共混改性。利用红外光谱和透射电镜考察了偶联剂与 Ti O2 之间的相互作用。研究了 Ti O2 的含量、弹性体SBS的含量对复合材料的力学性能和流动性能的影响。结果表明 :纳米级的 Ti O2 在 PS树脂中具有较好的分散性 ,对 PS有增韧作用 ,且 SBS/Ti O2 /PS三元体系的性能要优于Ti O2 /PS和 SBS/PS二元体系 ;同时 ,纳米级的 Ti O2 可改善 PS的流动性能     

SBS改性效果对基质沥青的依赖关系

SBS加入沥青后可以改善沥青的使用性能,SBS对基质沥青的改性效果与基质沥青的组成和性质有直接关系。首先以沙中减渣调合得到的沥青为基质沥青,加入不同量的SBS,考察了SBS对改性后沥青各个指标的影响,发现SBS可以使沥青针入度降低,软化点升高,低温延度(5℃)增加,抗老化性能增强,并从机理上对其进行了阐述。同时又以4种不同减渣经调和制得符合GB/T15180-94标准的AH-110的沥青为基质沥青,以胶体不稳定指数Ic为参数讨论了加入相同量SBS对不同基质沥青的改性效果,发现Ic越小,针入度、软化点、低温延度(5℃)、粘度(60℃)的变化程度越大。同时发现基质沥青的老化指数越高,SBS对其抗老化性能改善越显著。