葡聚糖磁性微球在生物医学领域的应用

葡聚糖磁性微球作为一种新型功能材料,在生物医学、细胞学和生物工程学等领域有着广泛的应用前景.着重介绍了葡聚糖磁性微球在固定化酶、靶向药物、细胞分离与免疫分析、临床诊断和治疗等领域的应用,并展望了今后的研究方向.     

Enzyme Mimics for Engineered Biomimetic Cascade Nanoreactors: Mechanism,Applications, and Prospects

Multiple enzyme-driven biological catalytic cascades occur in living organisms, guiding highly efficient and selective transformations of substrates. Inspired by the merits of these biological catalytic cascade systems, enormous efforts have been devoted to developing novel cascade catalytic systems to mimic biological cascade catalytic reactions over the past few years. Nanozymes, a class of enzyme mimics, are nanomaterials with enzyme-like catalytic activity. The emergence and development of nanozymes has significantly advanced the development of biomimetic cascade nanoreactors. Currently, biomimetic cascade nanoreactors driven by advanced nanozymes have been widely used and exhibit many advantages such as superior cascade catalytic efficiency and high stability, resulting in significant advancements in biosensing and biomedical applications. The latest advances in understanding the cascade catalytic mechanism of nanozyme-engineered biomimetic cascade catalytic nanoreactors and their progressive applications for biosensing and biomedical applications are comprehensively covered here. First, nanozyme and enzyme/nanozyme-engineered biomimetic cascade catalytic nanoreactors are categorized according to their catalytic mechanism and properties. Then, the biosensing and biomedical applications, including cancer therapy, antibacterial activity, antioxidation, and hyperuricemia therapy of the cascade catalytic systems are covered. The conclusion describes the most important challenges and opportunities remaining in this exciting area of research.     

荧光涂层的设计、制备与应用研究进展

荧光材料能够在紫外或可见光的作用下产生荧光,并已广泛应用于日常生活中.然而,由于荧光材料通常为小分子,在使用过程中存在易流失、效率低、功能单一等问题.针对这些问题,近年来研究人员将荧光物质与树脂等基质结合制备荧光涂层.综述了荧光涂层的设计、制备与应用的研究进展,重点介绍了荧光物质与涂层的结合方式以及基于不同种类荧光基团的荧光涂层设计与构建.结合方式分为物理掺杂和化学键合.荧光材料分为四大类,有荧光蛋白、有机荧光基团、稀土配合物和发光纳米粒子,不同的结合方式、不同种类的荧光材料各有优缺点,选择恰当的结合方式和荧光材料对发挥荧光材料的功能至关重要.荧光涂层在特定条件下可以发射出荧光,在外部刺激(如离子、作用力、pH变化等)作用下发射的荧光会产生变化,基于此可应用于如腐蚀预警、离子检测、防伪加密等.对荧光涂层在生物医药、金属防腐预警、防伪加密等方面的应用等进行了详细阐述,同时对荧光涂层未来发展做了展望.     

光激化学发光均相免疫分析的应用动态

光激化学发光均相免疫分析(LOCI)技术,是一种新型的免疫纳米传感技术,它结合了激光技术、化学发光传感技术与免疫分析技术的优点,并以其简单快速、灵敏度高、特异性强、适用面广等优势引起越来越多的关注,成为当今免疫传感检测领域的前沿热点.LOCI技术有效避免了传统免疫分析方法中的洗脱、分离等繁琐步骤,降低了交叉反应的可能性以及背景噪音的影响,显著提高了分析效率和检测灵敏度.LOCI技术在诸多领域的高通量检测和筛选中得到了广泛应用,因此,极有必要对LOCI技术的相关应用及发展趋势进行总结,从而加速其推广应用.本文综述了LOCI技术在生物医学、药物学、食品安全以及检验检疫等领域的应用状况,并根据各自学科发展的不同特点探索了其发展趋势.     

静电纺制备PVDF纳米纤维膜的应用

聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)是一种新型高分子材料,通过静电纺丝法制备的PVDF纳米纤维膜具有压电系数高、生物相容性好、质轻柔软等优点,近年来在各领域得到广泛应用。为了充分认识PVDF纤维膜,简要对比了溶液流延法、静电纺丝法制作PVDF纤维膜的优缺点,详细介绍了溶液静电纺丝法制备聚偏氟乙烯纳米纤维膜的工艺过程。重点分析了当前PVDF纳米纤维膜在压电传感器、生物医学、过滤材料、电池隔膜等领域的应用现状。探索了在生产和应用领域上存在的问题,并提出了PVDF纳米纤维膜的发展前景。     

Poly-3-hydroxybutyrate-based constructs with novel characteristics for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications—A review

Herein, we reviewed polymeric constructs of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) at large and poly-3-hydroxybutyrate (P3HB), in particular, for drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. Polymeric constructs that can efficiently respond to numerous variations in their surroundings have gained notable attention from different industrial sectors such as biomedical, clinical, pharmaceutical, and cosmeceutical. Among them, considerable importance is given to their drug delivery and tissue engineering applications. PHAs with peculiar reference to P3HB are gaining prominence attention as candidate materials with such requisite potentialities. The unique structural and functional characteristics of PHAs and P3HB are of supreme interest and being used to engineer novel constructs for efficient drug delivery and tissue regeneration purposes. So far, an array of methodological approaches, such as in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo techniques have been exploited though using different materials with different geometries for a said purpose. However, a low-level production majorly limits their proper exploitation. Various physiochemical characteristics and production strategies have been introduced in this review. The data have been summarized on PHAs production by several microorganisms aiming to cover the scope of the last 10 years. The present review highlights the recent applications of PHAs and P3HB-based constructs, such as micro/nanoparticles, biocomposite, nanofibers, and hydrogels as novel drug carries for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. In summary, drug delivery and tissue engineering potentialities of PHAs and P3HB-based constructs are discussed with suitable examples and envisioned directions of future developments.     

金核壳结构复合纳米颗粒在生物医学中的应用

核壳结构纳米材料是一种新型复合材料。贵金属金纳米核壳材料同时具有核和壳的性质,以及独特的光学、电学、催化性能和良好的生物相容性,因此在生物、化学、医学等领域具有巨大的应用价值。基于文献分析,综述了金及其核壳结构纳米复合颗粒在生物及医学上的应用,包括蛋白质、DNA、细菌和病毒的检测,以及肿瘤热疗、生物成像、生物传感、药物传递与释放等。并对完善制备技术以便更好地应用于临床进行了展望。     

Nanostructured Titanate with Different Metal Ions on the Surface of Metallic Titanium: A Facile Approach for Regulation of rBMSCs Fate on Titanium Implants

Titanium (Ti) is widely used for load‐bearing bio‐implants, however, it is bio‐inert and exhibits poor osteo‐inductive properties. Calcium and magnesium ions are considered to be involved in bone metabolism and play a physiological role in the angiogenesis, growth, and mineralization of bone tissue. In this study, a facile synthesis approach to the in situ construction of a nanostructure enriched with Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ on the surface of titanium foil is proposed by inserting Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ into the interlayers of sodium titanate nanostructures through an ion‐substitution process. The characteriz 0.67, and 0.73 nm ation results validate that cations can be inserted into the interlayer regions of the layered nanostructure without any obvious change of morphology. The cation content is positively correlated to the concentration of the solutions employed. The biological assessments indicate that the type and the amount of cations in the titanate nanostructure can alter the bioactivity of titanium implants. Compared with a Na⁺ filled titanate nanostructure, the incorporation of divalent ions (Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺) can effectively enhance protein adsorption, and thus also enhance the adhesion and differentiation ability of rat bone‐marrow stem cells (rBMSCs). The Mg²⁺/Ca²⁺‐titanate nanostructure is a promising implantable material that will be widely applicable in artificial bones, joints, and dental implants.     

陶瓷光固化3D打印技术研究进展及应用

与传统加工方法相比,光固化3D打印技术具有个性化、定制化、高分辨率等优点,可满足陶瓷精细结构的成型,在陶瓷材料加工方面展示出很大的潜力.这里首先介绍了光固化3D打印技术及常见的陶瓷材料,从陶瓷浆料制备、素坯热处理工艺方面进行讨论.同时对该技术在生物医学领域特别是在骨科、齿科中的应用进行总结.     

纳米纤维素基3D打印材料的研究进展

3D打印是一种以数字模型文件作为基础的快速成型技术,采用可粘合材料,通过逐层打印的方式可构建物体。本文介绍了纳米纤维素的特点与纳米纤维素基3D打印材料的现状,重点总结了纳米纤维素基3D打印材料在不同领域的应用,如生物医药、食品包装、柔性导电材料等,并对纳米纤维素基3D打印材料的发展进行了展望。