The importance of a hierarchical ecosystem classification for the biological evaluation and selection of least valuable sites

This paper suggests that for assessment studies, divisions into a core region (ecoseries), an immediate surrounding (ecosecction) and a wider surrounding (ecodistrict) should be used in ecosystem classification. A methodology to classify sites was set up and, making use of ten sites for biological evaluation in Belgium, it was shown how a hierarchical ecosystem classification could improve categorisation. Often the visual characteristics of the surrounding landscape, such as diversity or connectivity, mask the features of the core zone itself (ecoseries). Using different hierarchic ecosystem levels is a direct and effective help to avoid this masking and to give more importance to existing nuances.     

基于河道治理的河流生态修复

在人类的生活中,水是人类生命之源,是其他生产生活进行的保障。而河道河流是掌握着水的储藏,可以说,河道掌握着人类的命脉。文章阐述了河道治理和和河流生态修复所面临的问题,探讨了河流生态修复的重点。     

城市生态文明建设视角下水土保持措施的应用

水土资源是国家经济发展与生态文明建设的重要支持。现阶段我国的水土保持中对城市生态文明建设的重视程度不足,存在诸多限制性因素。本文在城市生态文明建设的视角下,分析水土保持措施的应用。     

勘察设计行业互联网生态圈建设运营模式研究

本文以勘察设计行业为研究领域,提出了行业互联网生态圈建设运营模式。通过三大要素层梳理,以及大数据信息平台和整合垂直众协平台建设,完成了工程项目全生命周期的建设运营和行业的“互联网化”转型。     

一种市场化的生态产品价值实现机制:自然资本协议实践及启示

自然资本、生态产品及生态产品价值，构成了存量、流量和价值三者相互依存的关系。自然资本协议是借用金融制度的一套新的工具体系，能够通过企业这种市场细胞，将存量的自然资本所转化的生态产品价值进行量化评估。本文介绍了自然资本联盟发布的自然资本协议相关内容，该协议通过企业活动的 “影响”和“依赖”两个核心概念去评估价值，规定了一套评估框架，包括四个逻辑阶段和九个步骤。四个逻辑阶段包括：架构阶段，以确定进行自然资本评估的原因；范畴阶段，定义评估中应包含的内容，度量和估值阶段，用于指导如何衡量和评估自然资本；应用阶段，帮助解释结果并确定下一步。评估方法包括多种定性、定量和货币方法。该市场化手段评估生态产品价值，以企业为最小单元，为评估找到价值之锚，可改变被动治理环境的局面，有助于形成正面激励措施，创造经济增长新动力。生态产品价值一但实现，可确立以政府为主导，市场为主体，中介机构积极参与推进体系。并借助产权交易、投融资机制创新，推进生态文明建设。对我国自然资源管理部门，自然资本评估也可促进自然资产管理，并引导、考核市场主体和管理主体。     

工业生态学在能源系统建设中的应用

工业生态学是一门结合生态学理论与可持续发展思想而建立起来的新学科。针对能源开发利用的极化效应给人类社会可持续发展带来的严重挑战,应用工业生态学的观点重新认识能源系统的建设成果与模式,首次提出了“能源生态系统”的概念,并从基本概念、系统构成、空间结构和调控方法等方面对其进行了阐述,以期为能源系统的可持续发展提供有益借鉴。     

江南圩田的法与式：生态系统服务与空间形态增效

以江南圩田为研究对象,文章阐释在风景园林生态的语境下,以生态系统服务效能为"法",以空间形态为"式",有法有式,有律可循的观点。通过"水—绿—人"三者的关系,进行传统江南圩田原生空间形态的整体解读,剖析其间蕴含的8个维度的生态系统服务,反思当下圩田地区建设过程中的冲突与矛盾,进而探讨传统江南圩田生态智慧对当代圩田地区发展与规划实践给予的启示:"顺水而为"适度改造自然的理念;形成三生融合的整体人文生态系统;以及与水相协调的传统社会治理系统。     

Residents’ relationship with green infrastructure in Cosmo City,Johannesburg

Scholars have expressed concerns about environmental sustainability in low-income housing development in South Africa in terms of the poor households’ relationship with, access to and benefit from natural ecosystems and green spaces. Using a qualitative research approach – discourse-based methods (semi-structured interviews, focus group discussion and transect walks), this paper shows how low-income households in Cosmo City, Johannesburg (South Africa) benefit from green infrastructure at the domestic, neighbourhood and riparian scales. The central lesson from this case is that landscape/urban design, planning and management must recognise and respond to socio-economic and socio-ecological realities and dynamics inherent in the ways low-income households relate with green infrastructure.     

When green is grievous: downsides in human-nature interactions in informal urban settlements

Considering how poor households relate with natural ecosystems is crucial to achieving environmentally sustainable low-income communities in South Africa and beyond. This paper presents negative experiences associated with residents’ interactions with, perceptions of, and appropriations of natural ecosystems and green spaces in informal settlements in Johannesburg. In-depth interviews with residents in two communities, key informants, and transect walks were used to identify problems associated with domestic gardens and vegetation in riparian and non-riparian open spaces. Inadequate services and infrastructure exacerbates these problems. This work contributes to knowledge regarding undesirable aspects of green infrastructure in the context of urban poverty. Understanding the downsides in human-nature interactions can usefully inform ecologically sound intervention in low-income informal urban areas.     

Assessing landscape preferences: a visual choice experiment in the agricultural region of Märkische Schweiz,Germany

Natural amenities and the aesthetic value of agricultural landscapes are important territorial assets for improving rural tourism and the quality of the living environment. To identify which characteristics shape the visual quality of a landscape, a stated-preference survey was conducted (N = 200) using photorealistic landscape visualisations of four different landscape attributes (point green elements, linear green elements, crop diversity and presence of livestock). We estimated respondents’ preferences for landscape attributes, examined the extent of agreement among respondents and identified socio-economic factors influencing their responses. Results revealed that point elements had the highest general preference. About 70% of respondents preferred diverse and highly structured landscapes, while about 30% of respondents had opposing preferences. Preferences were also found to be dependent on the individual’s sociocultural background, such as their level of education, gender or age. These results can help to improve the multi-objective targeting of policies by including an aesthetic value perspective.