环氧基倍半硅氧烷杂化膜的摩擦性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,将不同含量的正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)与r-缩水甘油醚基丙基三甲基硅烷(GPMS)共水解缩合,所得终产物为有机-无机纳米杂化材料,用浸渍法使其在玻璃基体上成膜,并利用扫描探针电镜(SPM)对膜的形貌进行了表征.通过MTS Nano Indenter XP纳米压痕仪研究了TEOS的含量对杂化体系摩擦性能的影响.结果表明,环氧基倍半硅氧烷杂化膜在TEOS含量为5%时表面粗糙度最小、弹性恢复能力最大,TEOS含量为10%时摩擦系数最小.     

基于遗传算法解决河流环境需水量优化调度的模糊多目标规划方法的研究

为实现城市受污染河流的环境需水量的合理调配,以各蓄水构筑物的调水量为决策变量,研究了在保证河流生态环境需求的基础上,实现整个流域的污染负荷的环境容量最大化、水量最大节约和调水成本最小化的方法,建立了环境需水调度的模糊多目标规划模型.模型中采用整合的非线性梯度隶属度函数作为目标函数,以遗传算法作为求解此模型的工具,并将该模型用于大庆市黎明河流域的环境水量调配,取得较好的效果.     

镀钴泡沫镍基板界面机理研究

研究了泡沫镍镀钴镍电极的初期化成行为,发现在电池端电压0.2V附近出现一个充电电压平台,1.0V附近出现第二个充电电压平台,而纯泡沫镍做基板的镍电极无此现象.循环伏安和XRD测试验证了两个电压平台对应的反应是Co氧化为Co(OH)2和Co(OH)2氧化为CoOOH反应.EPMA线扫描显示,镍电极化成后基板表面钴元素呈梯度分布.结果表明,泡沫镍表面的金属钴通过电化学溶解沉淀机理,在基板附近生成梯度分布的CoOOH.     

反硝化脱硫工艺中生物硫分布特征及分离方法

为探寻反硝化脱硫工艺生物硫分离方法,运行反硝化脱硫系统获得生物硫在系统中分布特征,并对生物硫进行粒径分布、Zeta电位、能谱及电镜扫描分析,确定了一种分离生物硫的新方法．结果表明,生物硫在反硝化脱硫系统中水相占65％,污泥相占35％．能谱分析表明,生物硫硫元素占60％以上,电镜分析显示生物硫表面具有多聚糖、蛋白质等官能团,生物硫Zeta电位平均为-20 mV带负电(在± 30 mV之间),得出生物硫具有胶体特性．进一步用阳离子絮凝剂实验分离生物硫获得99％分离率．混凝沉淀方法能有效地分离回收生物硫．     

薄金属带材连续高速电镀异型阳极

为了提高金属带材连续高速电镀的速度、质量和降低能耗,控制金属电沉积的电流密度和阳极形状是关键.考虑到金属带材高速电镀时传输的电流大,在镀区内的金属带材不是等电势体,导致金属电沉积的电流密度分布不均匀.为此,建立了恒定电流密度电镀的数学模型,推导出异型阳极形状的计算公式,为金属带材连续高速电镀的电流密度控制提供了理论依据.     

二氧化钛光催化剂的中毒机理及再生技术分析

光催化剂的中毒已经成为限制光催化技术进一步发展的主要因素.对气-固光催化技术和液-固光催化技术中光催化剂失活机制进行了分析,对光催化剂的活性分析技术进行了介绍,并总结了国内外关于TiO2光催化剂中毒再生技术的研究成果,为光催化技术在实际应用中遇到的中毒及再生问题提供了参考.最后,对光催化剂失活的研究进行了展望.     

Synthesis and characterization on semi-aromatic polyamide containing benzoxazole unit

In order to obtain a novel polyamide having excellent heat-resistant properties which could be anticipated as a thermal modifier for aliphatic polyamide,a series of new semi-aromatic polyamides (BO6,BO8,BO10) containing benzoxazole unit were synthesized based on 5-amino-2-(p-aminophenyl) benzoxazole (ABO) and aliphatic acids (adipic,suberic and sebacic acid) by means of Yamazaki phosphorylation method.The effect of reaction temperature on the inherent viscosity of the polymers was studied,and the structures of products were characterized by FTIR,1 H-NMR,and the heat resistance of the polymers was studied by DSC and TG.The results showed that the reaction temperature gives the polymers the highest viscosity at around 90 ℃,130 ℃ and 130 ℃ for BO6,BO8 and BO10,respectively.The heat resistance of the new semi-aromatic polyamides is much higher than that of the common aliphatic polyamides.In addition,the products show good solvent resistance and crystallization properties.     

Determination of hydroxyl radical in organic wastewater treatment by electrochemical oxidation

A method of detection hydroxyl radical （ · OH） produced by electrochemical oxidation in organic wastewater treatment was developed. Benzoic acid with weak fluorescence may reacted with hydroxyl radical to produce 3-hydroxybenzonic acid with intense fluorescence, whose characteristic fluorescence excitation and e- mission wavelength were at 305 nm and 410 nm. The 3-hydroxybenzonic acid was separated from electroehenaical oxidation system by HPLC. Two major hydroxylated products were quantified corresponding to 3-hydroxybenzonic, 4-hydroxybenzonic acid. Therefore the quantity of hydroxyl radical in the reactive system should be primarily calculated. The optimal experimental program was obtained by studying the determination conditions, which were benzoic acid of 1.0 mmol/L, electrolysis time of 60 min, current density of 39 mA/cm^2 , supporting electrolyte （Na2SO4 ） of 0. 02 mol/L, and the low rate of sparged-air of 25 mL/s. The results show that this method is stable, sinaple and rapid and can be used as a convenient method for the determination of hydroxyl radical.     

使用改进活性表面液膜萃取铜的机理研究

The liquid surfactant membrane(LSM)systems consist of three phases.Twomiscible phases which feed and strip solute respectively are separated from each otherby a third organic membrane phase that is immiscible with both.The technique ofLSM has received considerable attention for its high surface area to volume ratio,     

线切割工作液的润湿与清洗作用对切割速度的影响

本文分析了线切割工作液的润湿和清洗作用与表面张力,界面张力及润湿接触角之间的影响关系,并且提出用界面张力来判断线切割工作液的润湿和清洗性能要好于使用表面张力和润湿接触角。