伊朗南阿油田中心处理站消防系统设计

以伊朗南阿油田项目中心处理站的消防系统设计为基础,说明了伊朗油田消防系统设计参数的选取．对比分析了国内外消防规范中对有关参数设计、计算时所采用的不同方法,介绍了伊朗南阿油田中心处理站消防设计的特点,以供相关设计人员参考。     

火区综合治理技术研究与应用

改扩建矿井在建设期间,经常要用到矿井部分老巷道,这些老巷道顶帮普遍存在高冒区和破碎煤体松动裂隙区,容易引发火灾。针对这一问题,通过对金地煤业13号煤层火区治理的实践,获得了高冒区和破碎煤体松动裂隙区煤体的氧化、自燃及发生和发展规律,积累了大量火区治理技术和火区管理方面的经验,对其他矿区的火灾治理具有重要的借鉴意义。     

地铁隧道用纳米酚醛复合材料电缆支架的研制

为了解决地铁工程中金属材料腐蚀的技术难题,本文采用纳米酚醛复合材料取代传统的金属材料,制备电缆支架的底座和托臂,研制了一种新型地铁隧道用可调式电缆支架。该新型电缆支架具有良好的耐火阻燃性能,在280℃的温度下保温0.5 h后弯曲强度保持率≥90%。在3倍于实际使用载荷的受力情况下的最大变形只有4.5 mm,安全系数介于3.4~15,能完全满足设计和使用要求。该新型电缆支架的设计与开发为地铁隧道用电缆支架的应用提出了一种全新的方法和思路。     

消防服用多层织物的热防护性能

研究了消防服用多层织物的热防护性能,对单层织物的热防护性能及十种多层组合织物的热防护性能分别进行了研究分析,得出以下结论:就单层纤维成分相同的阻燃面料而言,热防护系数(TPP)值与织物的厚度、面密度具有显著的正相关性;多层组合织物中,外层及防水透湿层为覆聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)膜的阻燃帆布、隔热层为芳纶1313针刺毡、舒适层为芳纶-阻燃黏胶的8#样品的防护性能最好,就阻燃防护性能方面而言,是最适合用于消防员灭火消防服的面料。     

MAPGIS在基于后果安全规划法中的运用探讨

基于事故后果的安全规划法常运用于重大危险源的土地使用规划,MAPGIS具有空间地理信息方面的功能优势。安全规划的图形可以在MAPGIS环境下进行数据的提取、转换、共享、属性调整和危险分区,实现基于后果的安全规划法与MAPGIS技术的结合。以某规划的石化项目发生池火灾为实证分析,结合有关计算模型,模拟得到了MAPGIS环境下有关池火灾的危险分区图。     

化工建设项目初期污染雨水及消防事故废水收集系统

化工企业在火灾事故时,经常会由于设施缺失或设置不合理而外排废水,从而造成了大量水体污染事件。对设计过程中如何设置收集初期污染雨水及消防事故废水的设施进行了简要介绍,重点介绍了收集系统的分类及特点、废水储存设施有效容积的确定,及设计过程中应注意的问题。     

海上固定生产平台消防泵数量配置探讨

消防泵设计是海上固定平台设计的重要组成部分。结合规范标准的要求,对海上固定生产平台不同数量的消防泵设计方案进行探讨,分析其优缺点以及适合使用的情况,给出了各种不同设计方案应该考虑的因素。并结合南海海域某固定生产平台的设计实例,对不同数量的消防泵配置进行了分析。     

Brandverhalten von Brettsperrholz

Fire behaviour of cross‐laminated timber Cross Laminated Timber (CLT) is currently used in modern timber structures for load‐bearing wall, floor or roof elements as a high quality, innovative and cost‐effective structural element. Careful planning and implementation ensures the safe use of CLT in buildings with increased fire protection requirements and in accordance with the requirements of building‐design standards (e. g. EN 1995‐1‐1 and EN 1995‐1‐2) [1, 2]. Worldwide, many fire tests with CLT have been per‐formed to investigate the influence of different cross‐sectional build‐ups and various adhesives on the fire resistance of CLT floor and wall elements. This paper gives an overview of the extensive investigations, main outcomes are summarized and recommendations on the fire design of CLT elements are given. The investigations show that an adequate data base exists to reliably describe the fire behavior of CLT.     

Experimentelle und numerische Untersuchungen von Brandszenarien vor Fassaden unter Berücksichtigung verschiedener Abstände

Experimental and numerical investigations of fire scenarios in front of façades considering various distances Constructional boundary conditions, e. g. walls or façades, close to ignition sources affect the fire formation and the plume. It is already known, that boundaries (e. g. walls) constrain the entrainment of air and oxygen into the plume and the combustion of gas or flammable products is completed at larger heights. How far the location of the fire sources, the building geometry and the heat release rate affect the characteristics of a flame is investigated at the Institut für Baustoffe, Massivbau und Brandschutz (iBMB) of TU Braunschweig in line with a series of experiments with a square gas burner. For the implementation of the fire tests the test rig in Braunschweig is provided with extensive measurement techniques to determine heat flux, wall‐bounded temperatures, temperatures for plume measurements and upward velocity. In this paper the data of the fire tests are discussed and compared with the results of a CFD‐Model and selected empirical calculation approaches.     

Sonderlösungen bei der brandschutztechnischen Bewertung von Konstruktionsdetails

Special‐purpose solutions in the fire‐protective evaluation of construction details Very often components or construction details in existing buildings but also in new buildings cannot be evaluated with regard to its fire resistance ability considering established technical building regulations. There are no regulations for the evaluation of such components or construction details as these specific construction details have not been evaluated by a certified test authority. However, these components and construction details very often can be classified in fire resistance classes e. g. by evaluating fire tests, with regard to DIN 4102‐4, on the basis of similar proof of usability or only by pragmatic considerations. Since introducing the technical approval of the fire protection Eurocodes more often engineering methods of fire protection are used based on these Eurocodes by using temperature assessment in order to secure the evaluation results. Within this essay we show methods and ways of fire‐protective evaluation for components and construction details. The approach of proof including dimensions of possible upgrade measurements if necessary are being illustrated by examples of use out of practical experience. At the same time different materials such as steel, concrete and wood will be treated with different fire‐proof products. The essay is to explain ways of evaluation of components and construction details involving fire‐proof requirements including upgrade measurements also especially for existing buildings.