一种疏水缔合丙烯酰胺共聚物的合成及流变性能评价

采用自由基胶束共聚法以丙烯酰胺(AM)和N-苄基-N-辛基丙烯酰胺(BOAM)为原料,合成了疏水缔合共聚物(AM-NaA-BOAM),并用红外光谱(FT-IR)和核磁共振(1H-NMR)表征了共聚物的结构.溶液的流变性实验表明,当共聚物浓度大于600 mg/L时,表现黏度显著增大,表现出疏水缔合行为,溶液的储能模量(G...     

膜法海水提溴用PVDF中空纤维膜的研制

采用相转化法制备海水提溴用疏水性聚偏氟乙烯中空纤维膜,考察聚合物浓度、无机复合添加剂浓度、膜干燥方式及后处理方法对膜结构和性能的影响.结果表明,无机复合添加剂能有效提高膜机械性能,同时不影响膜疏水性;溶剂置换法不能完全避免膜收缩,从而直接影响膜孔结构和透气性能.物理后处理方法可显著提高膜透气性能,氮气通量为8.62 m3/(m2.h),孔隙率为63.31%,膜断裂强度可达到1.64 cN/Tex,膜断裂伸长率为79.10%.     

疏水性中空纤维微孔膜无泡曝气试验研究

利用疏水性聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)中空纤维膜及组件开展膜无泡曝气研究.通过检测膜组件的泡点,发现一定浸没深度下静水中膜组件的泡点高于紊流状态下的,且泡点随水流速度的增大而减小.考察水力条件和曝气压力对曝气效果的影响,并与常规曝气头曝气作比较.结果表明:将气压控制在泡点以内时,充氧能力随液体循环流量的增大、气压的升高而增强;而当气压超过泡点时,供氧初期充氧能力显著,但随曝气时间的延长增幅降低.中空纤维膜的曝气性能优于曝气头的.     

CECE水-氢交换工艺

研究了基于Pt-SDB憎水催化剂的CECE水-氢交换工艺,讨论了填料处理工艺、填料规格、反应温度、气液比、塔内径小等对CECE水-氢交换理论塔板高度的影响和反应温度、气液比对水-氢交换阻力降的影响.结果表明,填料的酸处理方式优于碱处理方式;填料规格2.5 mm×2.5 mm×0.2 mm、填料与催化剂填装比例4.5:1...     

浅谈建筑拒水粉防水屋面

对建筑拒水粉防水屋面作了简单介绍,从材料、设计及施工三方面对其进行了论述,实践证明建筑拒水粉防水屋面的防水效果良好,是一种值得推广的新技术。     

袁店煤矿101采区灰岩水综合防治技术

为解决袁店煤矿101采区开采下组煤时受底板灰岩水害的影响,采用物探、钻探并结合工程试验的思路,进行灰岩水综合防治技术设计,为101采区安全回采提供可靠依据,为相似情况的矿区下组煤开采提供借鉴。     

耐高温压裂液增稠剂的制备及耐温构效关系

高温稳定性是疏水缔合聚合物压裂液最重要的性能之一。本试验用水溶液聚合制备了带有刚性侧基的疏水缔合聚丙烯酰胺（HACA）,并研究了其流变性和耐温性。研究发现,4％（w）HACA水溶液在150C、170s^-1条件下剪切2h,表观粘度为99mPa·s;与普通聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）溶液相比,两者稀溶液特性粘数相近,而HACA半稀溶液表观粘度更高,说明HACA在水溶液中发生了疏水缔合作用;相对于普通PAM以及只含单一疏水基团或者刚性基团的PAM来说,HACA体系有更强的增粘能力、更快的粘度回复速度以及更好的高温稳定性。本试验的研究成果对疏水缔合型聚合物压裂液体系的开发研究工作有一定的指导意义。     

有机物不同组分对于超滤膜污染的中试试验

该文通过混凝+沉淀+超滤联用工艺中试试验,探讨中试规模超滤膜对于原水中有机物亲水/疏水性组分、不同分子量的分布以及有机物属性的去除规律.试验得出,极性亲水性组分和中性亲水性组分经膜过滤DOC浓度下降明显,最容易被膜截留,造成膜通量下降.同时,在混凝沉淀阶段,可以有效去除6 000～1 000 Daltons范围的较大分...     

Wettability of porous two‐dimensional ZnO nanocrystal films

Large‐scale two‐dimensional ZnO nanocrystal films on aluminum substrate were fabricated by a one‐step hydrothermal method under mild conditions, where all the ZnO nanocrystals had a lamellar structure generally perpendicular to the substrates and formed network‐like porous configurations. The morphologies of the films were dependent on both the reaction temperature and concentration of zinc. The wettability of the ZnO films was assessed by measuring the water contact angle without any surface functionalisation. The porous structures of the as‐prepared films could effectively enhance its hydrophobicity and the water contact angle ranged from 40° to 135° depending on the surface morphology and the arrangement of ZnO planes, indicating a simple and promising route to make aluminum surface waterproof and even self‐cleaning. The hydrophobic ZnO surface could be switched to hydrophilic state by UV irradiation.     

Steady shear and viscoelastic properties of a micro‐crosslinked acrylamide‐based terpolymer

A water‐soluble micro‐crosslinked associating polymer (PASA‐PL): poly (acrylamide/butyl styrene/sodium 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulphonate) (PASA)–phenolic aldehyde (PL) was prepared to reduce the critical associated concentration and enhance the thickening properties for the linear PASA polymer in aqueous and brine solutions. The consecutive steady shear and viscoelastic properties were investigated to explore the correlations between the rheologic performance and supramolecular structures for the PASA‐PL brine solutions. Upon consecutive steady shear, the intermolecular hydrophobic association is greatly reinforced because of the expansion of the coiled PASA‐PL chains at the suitable shear rate, and the brine solution exhibits obvious shear thickening behavior. The steady shear results show that the intermolecular hydrophobic association is reversible, and that the polymer chains do not degrade upon shearing. The PASA‐PL brine solutions with 50 g L⁻¹ NaCl have predominantly elastic character over the angular frequency range at the polymer concentration higher than 1.0 g L⁻¹, which is remarkably strengthened with a slight increase in polymer concentration. The PASA‐PL brine solutions display a salt‐thickening effect and predominantly exhibit elastic character over the angular frequency range at 10–50 g L⁻¹ NaCl. These results demonstrate that the viscoelastic behavior of the PASA‐PL solutions mainly depends on the formation of hydrophobically associated structures via the intermolecular association strengthened by the micro‐crosslink of PASA with PL. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011