Web服务自动语义标注的本体定位方法研究

面向服务架构中,分布式网络计算的实现依赖于服务交互问题的有效解决。为此,服务接口必须采用机器可理解的方式描述,从而为服务的动态发现和组合提供底层支持。服务语义标注技术满足了上述需求,它是指通过共享域本体中机器可理解的元数据表示服务元素。本文将服务语义标注过程分解为域标注和概念标注两个阶段,重点针对域标注注问题,并提出了一种基于机器学习的域标注算法,对实际服务的标注实验验证了该算法的有效性     

Modalities in linear logic weaker than the exponential “of course”: Algebraic and relational semantics

We present a semantic study of a family of modal intuitionistic linear systems, providing various logics with both an algebraic semantics and a relational semantics, to obtain completeness results. We call modality a unary operator on formulas which satisfies only one rale (regularity), and we consider any subsetW of a list of axioms which defines the exponential of course of linear logic. We define an algebraic semantics by interpreting the modality as a unary operation on an IL-algebra. Then we introduce a relational semantics based on pretopologies with an additional binary relationr between information states. The interpretation of is defined in a suitable way, which differs from the traditional one in classical modal logic. We prove that such models provide a complete semantics for our minimal modal system, as well as, by requiring the suitable conditions onr (in the spirit of correspondence theory), for any of its extensions axiomatized by any subsetW as above. We also prove an embedding theorem for modal IL-algebras into complete ones and, after introducing the notion of general frame, we apply it to obtain a duality between general frames and modal IL-algebras.     

NETMET: A program for generating and interpreting metaphors

Metaphors have computable semantics. A program called NETMET both generates metaphors and produces partial literal interpretations of metaphors. NETMET is based on Kittay's semantic field theory of metaphor and Black's interaction theory of metaphor. Input to NETMET consists of a list of literal propositions. NETMET creates metaphors by finding topic and source semantic fields, producing an analogical map from source to topic, then generating utterances in which terms in the source are identified with or predicated of terms in the topic. Given a metaphor, NETMET utilizes if-then rules to generate the implication complex of that metaphor. The literal leaves of the implication complex comprise a partial literal interpretation.Eric Steinhart has an MA in philosophy (Boston College) and completed his PhD dissertation (Formal Semantics for Metaphors) at SUNY at Stony Brook. He has written on technology, analogy, metaphor and idealism. His publications include Beyond the Proportional Analogy: A Structural Model of AnalogyPragmatics and Cognition, 2, 1 (1994). He is interested in the application of computational methods to philosophical topics and is working on a computational model of idealistic metaphysics.     

基于多视角的多类型错误全面检测方法

随着信息化社会的发展,数据的规模越发庞大,数据的种类也越发丰富.时至今日,数据已经成为国家和企业的重要战略资源,是科学化管理的重要保障.然而,随着社会生活产生的数据日益丰富,大量的脏数据也随之而来,数据质量问题油然而生.如何准确而全面地检测出数据集中所包含的错误数据,一直是数据科学中的痛点问题.尽管已有许多传统方法被广泛用于各行各业,如基于约束与统计的检测方法,但这些方法通常需要丰富的先验知识与昂贵的人力和时间成本.受限于此,这些方法往往难以准确而全面地检测数据.近年来,许多新型错误检测方法利用深度学习技术,通过时序推断、文本解析等方式取得了更好检测效果,但它们通常只适用于特定的领域或特定的错误类型,面对现实生活中的复杂情况,泛用性不足.基于上述情况,结合传统方法与深度学习技术的优点,提出了一个基于多视角的多类型错误全面检测模型CEDM.首先,从模式的角度,结合现有约束条件,在属性、单元和元组层面进行多维度的统计分析,构建出基础检测规则;然后,通过词嵌入捕获数据语义,从语义的角度分析属性相关性、单元关联性与元组相似性,进而基于语义关系,从多个维度上更新、扩展基础规则;最终,联合多个视角...     

基于实时视频感知的虚拟体育交互系统

针对疫情常态化背景下,传统体育项目受场地、器材等限制,市场上相关产品价格昂贵、可扩展性不足等问题,提出了一种基于实时视频感知的虚拟体育交互系统.该系统设计视频数据采集模块和人体关节点提取模块,结合OpenPose获取人体的关节点坐标,实时捕捉人体手势以及肢体动作.动作语义理解模块包括运动动作理解和绘图动作理解.前者根据运动中肢体关节点的相对位置关系,识别运动动作语义.后者将手腕部关节点绘图动作轨迹生成为草图图像,使用AlexNet进行识别分类,解析为对应的绘制动作语义.该模型在边缘端设备的分类准确率为98.83%.采用基于Unity设计的草图游戏应用作为可视化交互界面,实现在虚拟场景中的运动交互.该系统使用实时视频感知交互方式实现居家运动健身,无需其他的外部设备,具有更强的参与度和趣味性.     

基于K Framework的向量化机器学习指令语义形式化

ARM针对ARMv8.1-M微处理器架构推出基于M-Profile向量化扩展方案的技术,并命名为ARM Helium,声明能为ARM Cortex-M处理器提升达15倍的机器学习性能.随着物联网的高速发展,微处理器指令执行正确性尤为重要.指令集的官方手册作为芯片模拟程序,片上应用程序开发的依据,是程序正确性基本保障.主要介绍利用可执行语义框架K Framework对ARMv8.1-M官方参考手册中向量化机器学习指令的语义正确性研究.基于ARMv8.1-M的官方参考手册自动提取指令集中描述向量化机器学习指令执行过程的伪代码,并将其转换为形式化语义转换规则.通过K Framework提供的可执行框架利用测试用例,验证机器学习指令算数运算执行的正确性.     

Measuring code maintainability with deep neural networks

The maintainability of source code is a key quality characteristic for software quality. Many approaches have been proposed to quantitatively measure code maintainability. Such approaches rely heavily on code metrics, e.g., the number of Lines of Code and McCabe’s Cyclomatic Complexity. The employed code metrics are essentially statistics regarding code elements, e.g., the numbers of tokens, lines, references, and branch statements. However, natural language in source code, especially identifiers, is rarely exploited by such approaches. As a result, replacing meaningful identifiers with nonsense tokens would not significantly influence their outputs, although the replacement should have significantly reduced code maintainability. To this end, in this paper, we propose a novel approach (called DeepM) to measure code maintainability by exploiting the lexical semantics of text in source code. DeepM leverages deep learning techniques (e.g., LSTM and attention mechanism) to exploit these lexical semantics in measuring code maintainability. Another key rationale of DeepM is that measuring code maintainability is complex and often far beyond the capabilities of statistics or simple heuristics. Consequently, DeepM leverages deep learning techniques to automatically select useful features from complex and lengthy inputs and to construct a complex mapping (rather than simple heuristics) from the input to the output (code maintainability index). DeepM is evaluated on a manually-assessed dataset. The evaluation results suggest that DeepM is accurate, and it generates the same rankings of code maintainability as those of experienced programmers on 87.5% of manually ranked pairs of Java classes.     

Undivided and Indistinguishable Histories in Branching-Time Logics

In the tree-like representation of Time, two histories are undivided at a moment t whenever they share a common moment in the future of t. In the present paper, it will first be proved that Ockhamist and Peircean branching-time logics are unable to express some important sentences in which the notion of undividedness is involved. Then, a new semantics for branching-time logic will be presented. The new semantics is based on trees endowed with an indistinguishability function, a generalization of the notion of undividedness. It will be shown that Ockhamist and Peircean semantics can be viewed as limit cases of the semantics developed in this paper.     

型构兼容的继承及其语义

本文揭示了在面向对象程序设计语言中,若劲旅子类重定义其继承的分类方法以发迹这些方法的规约,并且采用类似于Ｓｍａｌｔａｌｋ－８０中的继承机制的语义,将导致封将与继承之间的一个新总是为此,本文提出了一种新的继承机制－型构兼容的继承,以代替传统的增量继承。型构兼容的继承是一种灵活的代码复用机制,并且能够充分支持封装。     

A semantics of introspection in a reflective prototype-based language

In Malenfant et al. [19], we have described a reflective model for a prototype-based language based on thelookup o apply reflective introspection protocol. In this paper, we augment our previous protocol by converting it to handle continuations reified as first-class objects. First-class continuations provide much more control over the current computation; during the introspection phase fired by message sending, they make it possible not only to change the behavior of the program for that message but also for the entire future computation. In this paper, we provide this introspection protocol with a formal semantics. This result is obtained by exhibiting a mapping from program configurations to priority rewrite systems (PRS) as well as a mapping from message expressions to ground first-order terms used to query the PRS. Other advantages of this approach are: to ensure the termination of the introspection using the smallest set of formally justified conditions and to provide a clear declarative account of this reflective protocol. The PRS also appears as a meta-level to the base language, independent of the implementation, but from which we derive fundamental clues to obtain an efficient language processor. By our new model, we finally highlight the link between reflection in object-oriented languages and the one originally proposed by 3-Lisp [24], although object-orientation provides reusability to reflection, making it easier to use.