滞销镧铈/镧镨铈混合稀土金属在金属材料中的应用

综述了我国大量滞销的轻稀土资源LaCe/LaPrCe混合稀土金属作为添加剂在铝、镁、锌、铜、钢及其合金中的作用机理及其应用现状;重点阐述了用LaCe/LaPrCe代替富铈(LaCePrNd)混合稀土金属作镁合金主要成分,开发出高性能、低成本、新型耐热镁合金AE44(E=LaCe)研发工作应用进展;报导了LaCe/LaPrCe在镍氢电极负极材料应用及组装成氢镍电池的简况.旨在促进LaCe/LaPrCe混合稀土金属提升传统合金材料的综合性能、开发高性能的合金产品,为LaCe/LaPrCe混合稀土金属在金属材料领域的应用开拓一个广泛的市场,促进稀土的综合利用和平衡发展.     

Nd—Al合金中钕含量的炉前快速分析新方法

目前,稀土—铝合金越来越受人们的欢迎。用氯化钾—氯化钠—氯化稀土熔体在较低温度下电解稀土—铝合金的新工艺等已得到应用。 迄今为止,电解过程中判断稀土—铝合金中稀土含量通常是凭通过电量的多少和经验进行估计,或合金出炉后,取样用其它方法(如分光光度法)分析。而生产过程中,则急需炉前快速分析方法。为此,本工作在680～745℃温度范围内对电池     

具有巨磁热效应的GdSiGe系磁致冷新材料的介绍

较详细地介绍了美国依阿华州立大学Ａｍｅｓ实验室的一项重大发现。该实验室的Ｐｅｃｈａｒｓｋｙ和Ｇｓｃｈｎｅｉｄｎｅｒ两位科学家近期发现具有巨磁热效应的ＧｄＳｉＧｅ系磁致冷材料。该系合金在３０－３００Ｋ之间相变点可调,且其磁嘛炎对应温区已研究出的最好材料的２－１０倍;在室温附近Ｇｄ５Ｓｉ２Ｇｅ２的磁热效应是至今所发现的最好这曙磁致冷材料金属轧的两倍,这预示着可能引起制冷行业的一场变革。     

新型镁稀土合金的研制和应用

本文叙述了稀土作为添加剂用以提升传统镁合金综合性能或特指单项性能的结果；介绍了稀土作为合金成分元素（含稀土与非稀土协同、轻稀土与重烯土组合）的耐热、抗高温蠕变、耐腐蚀等一系列新型镁稀土牌号合金；还例举了近期开发的稀土含量高达8-20%（重量）的先进镁合金。从这三方面显示出镁稀土合金前景广阔，需用稀土种类不少，数量相当多。为了迎接镁稀土合金快速增长期早日到来，介绍了开发该合金不可或缺的镁稀土中间合金的一项先进生产技术：“在较低温度下下沉阴极电解制取镁稀土中间合金工艺”，提供了比较理想的电解质熔体和电解条件，制得了镁-钇、镁-钕、镁-铈等二元中间合金以及更为便宜的镁-富钇、镁-富钕、镁-富铈、镁-富镧（即镧镨铈）等多元合金系列样品，其中稀土含量可调、合金成分分布均匀、杂质含量符合要求、生产成本低廉。经一汽、吉大等多个单位试用，效果满意。当前，面临的任务是尽快使这项新成果实现市场化、产业化；用事实排解国内外业内人士普遍存在着的“稀土加入镁合金虽然好，但是太贵，用不起和不易加入均匀等困惑”问题；促进新型镁稀土合金应用开发。     

在较低温度下电解稀土氯化物制取稀土铝—中间合金的研究

作为新型添加剂使用的稀土金属,在轻金属、有色金属和特种合金中,具有除杂,细化晶粒和合金化等作用,使产品的强度、塑性、耐热和加工性能以及成品率得以显著提高,因而添加稀土的产品品种和数量日益增加。因为稀土金属的熔点、比重、表面张力等性质与基底金属如铝、镁、铜、铁的差别较大,在空气中又容易氧化,不便保存和使用,所以,使用稀     

Effect of Rare Earth on Microstructure and Properties of Pure Copper

Metallograph and scanning electron microscope studies of the distributionand function of rare earthmetals in copper show that RE can reduce the oxygen content,fine the grain Ceils of copper,and enhancethe mechanical and electrical properties.Excess RE in copper will lead to the formation of some RE com-pounds like Fe-Cu-RE and RECu_6.     

稀土元素在镁合金中的作用及其应用

综述了稀土元素在镁合金中的主要作用和效果,从冶金物理化学角度对稀土元素在镁合金中的作用行为进行了初步分析.结合中国科学院长春应用化学研究所的初步研究成果介绍了含稀土镁合金Mg-Zn.RE,Mg-Al-RE,Mg-RE等系列的性能及其应用,展示了含稀土镁合金的优良综合性能,特别是高强、高韧、耐热和抗蠕变性能、耐腐蚀性能,稀土镁合金将成为研制高性能镁合金的重要方向.     

Influence of annealing temperature on electrochemical properties of rapidly quenched LPC （NiAlMn） 4.25 Co0. 75 hydrogen storage alloy electrodes

The influence of annealing temperature on the electrochemical properties and structure of the rapidly quenched LPC(NiAIMn)4.25 Co0.75 hydrogen storage alloys was investigated, in which LPC represents the abbreviation of Nd-free La-Ce-Pr mischmetal after the extraction of most of Ce and Nd. After the annealing treatment between 700-900℃ for rapidly quenched alloys, their discharge capacity becomes larger and the P-C-T plateau tends to be flatter and lower. The alloy annealed at 700 *C has the highest discharge capacity and flattest plateau. The analyses by X-ray diffraction (XRD), different thermal analysis(DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) indicate that the microstructure reversion and recrystallization occur during the heating, and their feature temperatures are 477℃ and 696℃ respectively. The annealing treatments make cell volume increase, dislocations and strain decrease, and the distribution of alloy composition become homogeneous.     

The Rare Earth Aluminium Alloys in China

The development and application of rare earth aluminium alloys began in the 1960s in China.The represen-tative work was the usage of rare earth metals in alumino-silicon alloys for piston.In the 1970s,its initial stage.rare earths were used in enhanced AIMgSi alloy transmission line and FeCr Al alloy electric heating wire.Duringits developing period(from 1980 to 1985),in the field of smelting,after the electrolytic preparation of RE-Almaster alloys at relatively low temperature,a new technique was invented that rare earth compounds were addedto commercial aluminium electrowinning cell to produce RE-Al alloys directly.It opened the way for the appli-cation of rare earths in industry on a large scale.In the field of application,it was found that the addition ofrare earths could improve the conductivity and processing property of aluminium alloys.The application of rareearths to aluminium conductors and products had made a breakthrough progress.Since 1986,its golden age,thestudy,production and application of aluminium alloys containing rare earths have been developing at an amazingspeed,running neck and neck with the application of RE in agriculture,textile dyeing,and cast iron.     

对四川稀土“八五”工作的意见和“九五”计划的建议

四川稀土在“八五”期间开创了一个好局面:(1)稀土资源开发从无到有而且形成了规模;(2)稀土应用由开发阶段发展到有组织有计划的发展时期,稀土应用已在多方面推广,有的已具有四川特色,而且这些