基于旋转三角形模型的负泊松比蜂窝材料面内动态压溃行为数值模拟

为提升蜂窝材料的动态力学性能,在旋转三角形变形构型基础上,针对不同旋转角建立了对应的蜂窝结构模型。利用这些蜂窝模型通过有限元分析软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA数值模拟了不同旋转角的蜂窝在冲击载荷作用下的面内动态压溃行为;同时考虑冲击速度的影响,研究了旋转角和冲击速度对其变形模式以及平台应力的影响规律,并对比分析了旋转三角形蜂窝的吸能特性。结果表明：旋转三角形蜂窝的变形过程一般可分为旋转变形和坍塌变形两个阶段,其应力-应变曲线具有“两段式应力平台”特征,且表现出明显的动态拉胀效应;当旋转角增大或冲击速度提高到某个临界值后,其应力-应变曲线只具有一个平台段,动态拉胀效应逐渐减弱;在不同冲击速度下,通过与相对密度相同的正六边形蜂窝相比较,旋转三角形蜂窝具有更好的能量吸收能力。     

激光干涉在蜂窝夹心层板振动模态测量中的应用

采用激光电子散斑干涉测量技术(electronic speckle pattern interferometry,简称ESPI)对悬臂矩形损伤蜂窝夹心复合板稳态振动下的振型进行了实验研究。通过完整试样的振型测量结果与有限元模拟均匀悬臂金属板结构振型的类比,验证了有关蜂窝夹心复合材料具有横观各向同性假设的观点,获得了悬臂矩形蜂窝夹心复合层板前14阶离面振动模态的振型图。实验结果表明,结构的损伤导致其局部刚度改变,使得共振频率减少,损伤对其高阶振型的形状改变较为明显,有时甚至是模态跃迁。     

Effects of pre-stretching on microstructure and properties of WE43A-alloy after aging treatment

Effects of pre-stretching on microstructure and mechanical properties of WE43A alloy were investigated by optical microscope, transmission electron microscope, scanning electron microscopy and electronic universal material testing machine. The experimental results showed that a large number of dislocations and twins were formed in the matrix with the increase of deformation strain. During subsequent aging, β₁ phases precipitated in dislocation area and distributed in matrix in a combined manner, honeycomb network and random. The precipitation of β₁ increased the ultimate tensile strength and yield strength of WE43A alloy to 272 and 241?MPa, in comparison with the samples without pre-stretching (226 and 180?MPa). The fracture morphology of sample with strain 9% was transgranular cleavage fracture.     

Improvements in honeycomb abradable seals

Abstract

The concept of utilising honeycomb abradable seals to improve gas turbine engine performance has been under development for many years. Engine operating temperatures, in the region of the seals, have been restricted to below 950°C by the reliance on a chromia scale for degradation protection. The introduction of nickel brazed FeCrAlY based alloys within the honeycomb seal could facilitate a safe increase in operating temperatures to over 1100°C. This is aided by the formation of a more stable, α-alumina scale.

These Fe–20Cr–5Al–0.5Y foils, including the commercially produced variant designated MI2100, have been designed for a service lifetime of up to 24,000 hours. However, burner tests and isothermal oxidation tests in laboratory air at 1100 and 1200°C have shown them to fail after much shorter times. The major degradation of the foils occurs adjacent to the brazed region and limits the lifetime of the honeycomb seal.

Cross-sectional analysis in a scanning electron microscope of seals manufactured from MI2100 foils, after oxidation testing at 1200°C, has shown that voids form beneath the protecting α-alumina scale. In some cases, these voids are filled with silica, with some chromia present, and may be the origin of the subsequent degradation process. The results contrast with tests on free-standing thin foils (100 μm thickness) of MI2100 and other FeCrAlY alloys, where a continuous layer of chromia is formed below the alumina outer scale, once the aluminium content of the alloy drops below a critical composition. Although there is a small amount of silicon in MI2100, the main source of the high level of silicon found in the honeycombs is most likely to be the brazing alloy, since both nickel and silicon from the braze are very mobile in FeCrAlY alloys at high temperatures.

The formation and filling of voids with silica may be associated with the subsequent failure of the protective alumina scales on these brazed alloys, and this mechanism will be developed further in this paper.     

Oxidation behaviour and phase stability at and above 700°C in brazed areas of metal-supported automotive converters with honeycomb structures made of ultra-thin FeCrAlRE materials for diesel applications

Abstract

Metal-supported automotive catalytic converters for diesel applications are made of flat and corrugated thin foils, brazed together at their contacting points. Brazing is done with nickel based alloys. The foil alloy is of type Fe–20Cr–(4–7)Al with the addition of reactive elements RE. In the lower temperature range for diesel applications (500°C to 900°C), attention should be paid to high temperature properties of brazed areas. Unusually large polygonal phases can occur in the original brazed area beside the fine globular phases. Both are of type NiAl. Polygonal phases are less corrosion resistant, resulting in shorter product lifetime. The occurrence of such phases, their stability and oxidation resistance were analysed under isothermal test conditions in ambient air using brazed samples with honeycomb structure.

Diffusion of Ni into ultra-thin foil materials and Fe as well as Al into the Ni-based brazing material (erosion) leads to different compositions in brazed areas. NiAl phases (polygonal or globular) are already present after brazing. They do not change their shape over time. No oxidation of these phases was detected.

Further investigation is focused on the effects of metallurgical and production parameters as well as cyclic load and test atmospheres on the occurrence and oxidation behaviour of the undesired large polygonal phases.     

铝蜂窝串联缓冲结构静态压缩仿真与试验研究

为更好设计多级铝蜂窝缓冲结构,为星球着陆器缓冲结构设计提供理论依据,对串联式铝蜂窝结构进行静态压缩的仿真与试验研究。针对仿真模型规格的多样性,为提高仿真效率,基于PCL语言编写参数化建模分析程序,实现有限元模型的自动建立。通过与理论公式及试验结果对比,证明有限元模型可准确计算串联铝蜂窝缓冲结构受静态压缩载荷作用下的平均应力及极限应变值,能准确提供整个变形过程铝蜂窝所受载荷信息。与传统的试验方法相比,该有限元仿真模型计算成本低、不受试验条件限制,且有较高的计算精度。仿真与试验研究表明,对同一尺寸蜂窝,与单个铝蜂窝缓冲器相比,串联式组合铝蜂窝缓冲器能吸收更多的能量。     

国内外间位芳纶纸蜂窝性能对比研究

本试验分别对使用国产和进口间位芳纶纸制作的蜂窝芯材进行了常温、高温、湿热老化后力学性能以及垂直燃烧性能研究。试验发现,中、高密度国产NHA(YT)-1蜂窝各项性能已基本达到并部分超过进口NHA-1蜂窝性能,低密度国产间位芳纶纸蜂窝力学性能与进口间位芳纶纸蜂窝尚存差距,有待改进。结果表明,国产间位芳纶纸已基本达到蜂窝生产要求,实现了重要原材料的国内自主保障。     

四边简支双曲率蜂窝夹层薄壳自由振动分析

基于Reddy三阶剪切理论,研究了四边简支双曲率蜂窝夹层薄壳的自由振动,以及结构参数对蜂窝夹层薄壳固有频率的影响.将由六边形胞元组成的蜂窝芯层等效为一正交异性层,其等效弹性参数由修正后的Gibson公式得到,应用Reddy三阶剪切理论和Hamilton变分原理推导出四边简支条件下双曲率蜂窝夹层薄壳的频率方程.具体算例表明,采用Reddy三阶剪切理论计算的固有频率精度较高;双曲率蜂窝夹层薄壳的曲率、厚度比及胞元角度对蜂窝夹层壳固有频率有不同程度的影响,其中蜂窝夹层薄壳的固有频率随曲率的增大而增大,随厚度比的增大呈波动变化,随胞元角度的增大而减小.     

蜂巢醋液态发酵工艺及其抗氧化活性研究

研究首次将蜂巢引入食醋的液态发酵工艺,优化获得了蜂巢醋液态发酵的最佳工艺条件:起始糖度5.33%,酵母活化液0.10%,酒精度5.0%,醋酸发酵温度35℃。在此条件下制备的蜂巢醋由于发酵原料和菌种单一,在可溶性固形物、总糖、香气、滋味等方面低于传统固态发酵产品,而在色泽、体态和风味典型性等方面较优。此外,该蜂巢醋DPPH自由基清除能力(33.29%)和总抗氧化能力(2252.63mmol·g-1)均显著低于固态发酵(66.25%,5092.63mmol·g-1)产品,这主要归因于和固态发酵峰巢醋总黄酮和总多酚(0.71%,2.33%)相比,液态发酵蜂巢醋总黄酮和总多酚含量(0.38%,1.20%)较低。