夏热冬冷地区不同玻璃类型幕墙对建筑能耗影响的模拟分析

近年来,玻璃幕墙特殊的建筑美学效果,受到了建筑师的喜爱,而大量公共建筑采用玻璃幕墙作为其外围护结构造成了巨大的建筑能耗问题.本文以自行建立的一栋2层展览中心为物理模型,模拟了不同玻璃类型条件下的设计日负荷、月运行总能耗和全年运行总能耗.结果表明,不同玻璃类型对建筑能耗影响很大,吸热玻璃对冬季热负荷节能效果较好,热反射玻璃对夏季冷负荷节能效果较佳,Low-E玻璃对冷热负荷的节能潜力均较好.     

Investigation on energy performance of double skin façade in Hong Kong

Double skin façade can be defined as a building façade covering one or several stories with multiple skins. The skins may be air tight or ventilated. With sophisticated study and design, buildings constructed with double skin façade can have better thermal performance than the conventional single skin façade. This paper reports the findings on the energy performance of double skin façade applied to a typical office building under the climatic condition in Hong Kong. An experimental setup was established and the measured data were used to verify the theoretical model developed via the EnergyPlus simulation program. The validated model was then used to evaluate the energy performance of double skin façade with various configurations including glazing type (clear, absorptive or reflective glass), glazing position (inner or outer pane) and glazing layers (single or double glazing material). The results indicate that a double skin façade system with single clear glazing as the inner pane and double reflective glazing as the outer pane can provide an annual saving of around 26% in building cooling energy, as compared to a conventional single skin façade with single absorptive glazing. However, the long payback period of 81 years makes the double skin façade system economically infeasible. Support and motivation are needed from the local government in order to foster successful and widespread application of the double skin façade system in buildings.     

Energy performance optimization of radiant slab cooling using building simulation and field measurements

Few field studies of energy performance of radiant cooling systems have been undertaken. A recently constructed 17,500 m² building with a multi-floor radiant slab cooling system in the tower was investigated through simulation calibrated with measured building energy use and meteorological data. For the very cold, dry region where the building was located, it was found that a typical floor of the tower would have had 30% lower annual energy use with a conventional variable air volume system than with the as-built radiant cooling-variable air volume combination. This was due to (1) simultaneous heating and cooling by the existing radiant cooling and air systems, (2) the large amount of free cooling possible in this climate, and (3) suboptimal control settings. If these issues were remedied and combined with improved envelope and a dedicated outdoor air system with exhaust air heat recovery, a typical floor could achieve annual energy use 80% lower than a typical floor of the existing building HVAC system. This shows that radiant thermal control can make a significant contribution to energy-efficiency, but only if the building design and operating practices complement the strengths of the radiant system.     

单冷源与双冷源的毛细辐射空调系统的能耗分析

随着经济的迅速发展,能源供给日趋紧张,在城市的建筑能耗中,空调能耗占整体能耗近一半,因此,研究降低建筑能耗的经济合理措施极为必要[1].文章简要介绍了毛细管辐射空调中单冷源系统和双冷源系统的特性,使用EnergyPlus软件,模拟单冷源系统与双冷源系统应用于毛细辐射空调末端的运行工况,利用SketchUp和Energy...     

铁路客运站复合式地板辐射供冷模拟分析

以河南周口车站为例,应用EnergyPlus软件建立复合式地板辐射供冷系统和全空气系统模型,分析夏季工况下室内温度等热舒适性参数,并对系统进行能耗分析。研究表明,铁路客运站采用复合式地板辐射供冷系统可以较好的满足热舒适性要求,同时具有良好的节能效果。     

Enhancement of natural ventilation in buildings using a thermal chimney

A new module was developed for and implemented in the EnergyPlus program for the simulation and determination of the energy impact of thermal chimneys. This paper describes the basic concepts, assumptions, and algorithms implemented into the EnergyPlus program to predict the performance of a thermal chimney. Using the new module, the effects of the chimney height, solar absorptance of the absorber wall, solar transmittance of the glass cover and the air gap width are investigated under various conditions. Chimney height, solar absorptance and solar transmittance turned out to have more influence on the ventilation enhancement than the air gap width. The potential energy impacts of a thermal chimney under three different climate conditions are also investigated. It turned out that significant building cooling energy saving can be achieved by properly employing thermal chimneys and that they have more potential for cooling than for heating. In addition, the performance of a thermal chimney was heavily dependent on the climate of the location.     

相对湿度对新建徽派建筑能耗影响研究

以屯溪地区某典型新建徽派建筑为研究对象,运用全建筑能耗模拟分析软件EnergyPlus进行模拟,研究气象参数中相对湿度和设计参数中相对湿度对屯溪地区徽派建筑能耗的影响。结果表明,气象参数中的相对湿度对建筑能耗和空调能耗影响较小;随着设计条件中相对湿度的增加,建筑能耗和空调能耗也随之增加,但设计参数中相对湿度控制在30％～36％之间时,建筑能耗和空调能耗最小。     

建筑全能耗分析软件EnergyPlus及其应用

介绍了新一代建筑全能耗分析软件EnergyPlus的基本原理、特点和新功能及其与DOE-2的比较，并将其应用于某一实际的建筑冷热电联产系统的模拟，根据模拟结果对整个系统进行了全年能耗和经济性分析。     

西藏地区太阳能采暖建筑热工性能优化研究

西藏地区太阳能资源非常丰富且冬季温度低,该地区非常适合大面积推广太阳能采暖系统,以达到节能减排的目的。但是由于实际大部分太阳能采暖工程,忽略了建筑围护对太阳能主动式采暖系统初投资与运行费用的影响,造成了太阳能主动式采暖系统初投资过高、太阳能保证率低。为了分析建筑热工性能对太阳能主动式采暖系统的影响,笔者利用数值模拟方法,将建筑热工性能与主动式太阳能采暖系统作为一个整体进行计算分析,利用初投资费用最低与全寿命周期总费用最低两个目标函数,对主动式太阳能采暖建筑热工性能的保温性能进行优化。结果表明,提高建筑围护结构热工性能,不仅可以降低太阳能采暖建筑的采暖运行费用,而且可降低整个系统的初投资。     

EnergyPlus model-based predictive control within design–build–operate energy information modelling infrastructure

This study proposes a design–build–operate energy information modelling (DBO-EIM) infrastructure to allow users to deploy the design-stage building energy model for model predictive control (MPC) system in the building operation. A newly constructed office building is studied as a test bed. An EnergyPlus model-based predictive control (EPMPC) system is designed and simulated in the Matlab/Simulink environment within the DBO-EIM infrastructure. EPMPC aims at minimizing heating, ventilation, and air conditioning energy consumption while maintaining occupant thermal comfort. Compared to the baseline rule-based control system, EPMPC demonstrates a 28.9% energy reduction in one-week simulation in the heating season and 2.7% energy reduction in one-week simulation in the cooling season. The comfort constraint is met during more than 90% of the simulated hours. The study demonstrates one significant contribution of the DBO-EIM infrastructure that a design-stage EnergyPlus model can be integrated in an MPC system and the preliminary simulation results are satisfactory.