High Tc Superconducting Materials for Strong Current Applications： Approach at the First Stage

Strong current and large-scale application is the most important prospect of high Te superconductors （HTS）. Practical HTS samples in various forms have been produced with high critical currents operated at economic cryogenic temperatures. Engineering applications of those HTS materials have been studied with various HTS prototype devices. The applicable HTS materials produced in different forms are verified in this paper with regard to their strong current characterizations, and the HTS applications are summarized along with the HTS prototypes made.     

YBCO高温超导微带线的非线性光响应特性实验及其应用分析

研究了在波长为0.68μm的连续激光辐照下, YBCO高温超导薄膜微带线结构的光致非线性效应,并从实验现象和高温超导光响应器件研制两个角度进行讨论.主要的研究结果如下:高温超导薄膜微带线结构的非平衡光响应存在阈值,在本实验条件下,当功率＜15mW时,以辐射热效应为主;当功率＞15mW时,出现非平衡光响应.该阈值的获得,对光响应超导器件的设计与制作具有重要指导意义.在此基础之上,设想了一种新型的高温超导衰减器;另外,在反复通断激光实验中,观察到YBCO微带线具有时间累积的记忆效应,从而导致回复时间的出现.该现象也是影响高温超导光响应器件性能的重要因素之一,对非线性光响应超导器件的发展具有重要价值.     

NbTi超导线材井式真空氮气保护热处理炉的研制

本文介绍了工频NbTi超导线材井式真空氮气保护热处理炉的设备组成、主要技术参数、结构特点和两种热处理状态下试验数据的对比分析,并指出了该设备在NbTi超导线材制造行业推广应用的前景.     

电压型超导储能系统的统一直接功率控制方法

将PWM整流器的直接功率控制方法用于电压型超导储能系统的电压源型换流器，给出了新的开关矢量表，并提出了斩波器的直接功率控制方法。文中的电压源型换流器和斩波器的直接功率控制方法以有功功率为纽带，可对超导储能系统进行一体化的功率控制。仿真结果表明，该控制方法具有良好的控制性能，十分适用于电压型超导储能系统。     

级联型超导储能系统的整体协调控制方法

提出了级联型超导储能系统的整体协调控制方法，当系统未产生电压凹陷时，级联型逆变器通过相位控制实现对超导磁体的充电和电流维持；当系统产生电压凹陷时，通过状态空间反馈的方法迅速实现完全补偿，以保护电压敏感的负载；当凹陷解除时，又通过相角的渐变从电网吸收能量，以补偿超导磁体中能量的消耗。同时，在电流调节器的控制中，采用统一PI电压控制模式以保持级联逆变器直流母线电压的稳定。系统仿真结果表明，本文提出的方法控制电压凹陷的效果较好。     

托卡马克中等离子体破裂时的过电压研究

为解决托卡马克放电中经常发生的等离子体破裂造成瞬间能量剧变在电源系统内的迅速传播而危及整流元件的安全且目前对破裂的预防和控制手段还不成熟的问题,对等离子体破裂时的情形进行了分析建模。电路参数的计算及MATLAB仿真发现,不同类型破裂时产生的过电压幅值和作用时间相差较大;电源系统中过电压波的传播及对整流元件影响的分析表明,一般保护难以兼顾不同类型破裂时产生的过电压冲击,因此介绍了针对等离子体破裂时产生的过电压的复合保护器,由非线性电阻和间隙组成。仿真结果和试验证明其效果良好。     

先驱硼薄膜的质量对MgB2超导薄膜的影响

以高纯乙硼烷(B2H6)为B源,采用化学气相沉积(CVD)方法在多晶Al2O3衬底上沉积B薄膜,然后在Mg蒸气中异位退火来制备MgB2超导薄膜.通过X射线衍射和MgB2超导薄膜的电阻-温度曲线,研究了先驱硼薄膜的质量对MgB2超导薄膜的影响.     

Superconducting Properties of Iodine-Intercalated Bi<Subscript>2</Subscript>Sr<Subscript>2</Subscript>Ca<Subscript>2</Subscript>Cu<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>10+<Emphasis Type="Italic">x</Emphasis></Subscript>

The superconducting properties of iodine-intercalated high-temperature superconducting Bi₂Sr₂Ca₂Cu₃O_10+x phase (Bi-2223) were systematically studied. It was found that for samples containing a significant amount of Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+x , iodine intercalation results in the dramatic decrease of the inter-granular critical current density, as well as a significant decrease of the critical temperature (T _c), the critical current density in the grains (J _cg), and of the amount of Bi-2223. For samples with a large amount of Bi-2223, T _c changes insignificantly, whereas J _cg can even increase. We argue that the different behavior of the superconducting parameters is the result of various oxygen concentrations, and we explain the effect of iodine intercalation based on the parabolic dependence between T _c and the number of holes per CuO₂ layer. The H(T) curves (determined from the peak position in the loss signal of ac susceptibility) for intercalated samples deviate significantly from the quasi 2D-like behavior, pointing toward an enhancement of the 3D fluctuations of vortices. For the change in the values and dimensionality of the flux pinning in the process of the intercalation, we attempted a qualitative explanation based on the models proposed in literature.     

Observation of a Possible Metallic State Induced by a Parallel Magnetic Field in Superconducting Au0.7In0.3 Samples With Very Low Normal-state Sheet Resistance

We report the observation of an apparent metallic state induced by a parallel magnetic field in Au_0.7In_0.3 samples with very low normal-state sheet resistance. These samples can be modeled as a random array of superconductor-normal metal-superconductor (SNS) junctions. For both the thin planar and cylindrical films, the magnetic field was applied parallel to the substrate of the sample and measurement currents. For the mesoscopic rings, however, a perpendicular field was used. Our electrical transport and tunneling measurements suggest that the samples consist of superconducting In-rich islands not linked by Josephson coupling in the metallic state. The physical origin of the metallic state is discussed.      

Inverse Flux Creep in Ring-Shaped Superconductors

Anomalous flux creep is depicted in ring-shaped superconductors, where the vortex movement goes to the inner edge of the sample. The current dissipation phenomenon is inverted and an induction of the current is achieved. Thus, an increase in the current circulating by the superconductor is obtained. The experimental technique consists in the utilization of a closed magnetic circuit for the current induction and a magnet ring with the field opposite to the vortex trapped in the superconducting wall.