甲烷磺酰氯的合成研究

阐述了利用二甲基二硫在相转移催化剂作用下，于盐酸介质中经氯气直接氧化，一步合成甲烷磺酰氯的工艺过程，讨论了几个主要反应因素对产物收率的影响，确定了适宜的工艺条件。表明了产品的检测方法     

3-取代苯基-5-羟基-5-三氟甲基异噁唑啉的合成

3 取代苯基 5 羟基 5 三氟甲基异口恶唑啉是合成具有异口恶唑结构的原卟啉原氧化酶抑制剂类除草剂的重要中间体。通过以下途径制得4个具有不同取代基的异口恶唑啉中间体:首先,在回流状态,n(甲醇钠)∶n(取代苯乙酮)=2∶1的甲醇钠存在下,取代苯乙酮与三氟乙酸乙酯缩合得到取代苯基 4,4,4 三氟 1,3 丁二酮;后者可在室温下,于二氯甲烷溶剂中,用氯化硫酰氯化,在侧链上引入氯原子;最后,以乙酸作溶剂,回流下,具有不同取代基的苯基 1,3 丁二酮与盐酸羟胺闭环得到产物。反应总收率大于95%。产品结构经质谱、核磁共振氢谱、碳谱确认正确。     

咸潮对氯消毒中三卤甲烷的影响

受咸潮影响的出厂水三卤甲烷比非咸潮时高5倍,其中三溴甲烷增加10~4倍,远远大于三氯甲烷,4种THM8含量顺序发生了倒置,即CHBr_3>CHBr_2Cl>CHBrCl_2>CHCl_3。在管网中咸潮污染的出厂水和未污染水混合,加之余氯的作用,使得管网水中三卤甲烷(THMs)的种类分配再次发生变化。结合国内外的资料,综合评述了咸潮中溴化物与氯的反应及Br-THMs形成的机理,并提出了在咸潮期间控制饮用水中氯化消毒产物的思路。     

The effects of Cl-induced alloying in Pt–Sn/Al2O3 catalysts on butane/H2 reactions

The effects of oxidation/reduction regeneration treatments, with and without 1,2-dichloropropane present as a chlorinating agent, on the structure of Pt(3%)–Sn(4.5%)/Al₂O₃ catalysts have been correlated with selectivities for butane/H₂ reactions. Particles of Pt⁰ fin Cl-free catalysts were partly covered by Sn⁰, but retained exposed ensembles of Pt atoms which were active for isomerisation, hydrogenolysis and dehydrogenation reactions, the latter becoming dominant at high reaction temperatures. Coking reduced Pt ensemble size and, hence, also favoured high selectivities for dehydrogenation as hydrogenolysis and isomerisation sites became poisoned. In contrast, the addition of 1,2-dichloropropane in an oxychlorination step before reduction promoted 1:1 Pt⁰–Sn⁰ alloy formation after reduction, the proportion of the total Pt in alloy being enhanced by increasing 1,2-dichloropropane concentration and oxychlorination temperature. The alloy surfaces were inactive for isomerisation and hydrogenolysis reactions, giving dehydrogenation as the sole catalytic reaction.     

沸腾状况下苯氯化反应宏观动力学研究

采用半连续鼓泡反应器，在氯气通入量为０．０８４０．２１ｍｏｌ／（Ｌ反应液·ｍｉｎ）、催化剂三氯化铁浓度为５．７２×１０－４～２６６×１０－３ｍｏｌ／Ｌ、反应温度为７６～１２０℃的条件下，由实验数据回归出幂函数宏观动力学方程和双膜理论宏观动力学方程式，并由双膜理论宏观动力学方程分解出苯和氯苯的本征反应动力学方程。上述方程对于建立反应器数学模型、设计工业反应器以及苯氯化反应精馏技术应用于氯苯生产有一定的参考价值。     

HIGH TEMPERATURE CORROSION OF PREOXIDIZED Ni-Al ALLOY IN CHLORINE

ＨＩＧＨＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＣＯＲＲＯＳＩＯＮＯＦＰＲＥＯＸＩＤＩＺＥＤＮｉ－ＡｌＡＬＬＯＹＩＮＣＨＬＯＲＩＮＥＨＩＧＨＴＥＭＰＥＲＡＴＵＲＥＣＯＲＲＯＳＩＯＮＯＦＰＲＥＯＸＩＤＩＺＥＤＮｉ－ＡｌＡＬＬＯＹＩＮＣＨＬＯＲＩＮＥ￥Ｔｕ，Ｊｉａｎｇｐｉ...     

Mechanism of chlorinating lanthanum oxide and cerium oxide with ammonium chloride

1　INTRODUCTIONThelightrareearthoressuchasbastnasiteandBeiyuneboitearetheoneswithlanthanumandceriumelementasmaincomponent (thecontentoflan thanumandcerium >85 % (massfraction) ) .General ly ,thelightrareearthoresaredecomposedbyacidoralkali,thentherareearthproductscouldbefurtherrecovered[1,2 ] .Someshortagesexistintheconven tionalprocessofrecoveringrareearth ,suchaslongflow sheet ,multi transferringformoftherareearthandsoon .Furthermore ,thewasteacidoralkaliandgasemissionsuchasHF ,SO2 pr…     

从高酸浸出锌渣中回收银研究

针对某锌冶炼厂高酸浸出渣含银高的特点,采用硫酸化焙烧—水浸脱锌铁—氯化浸银—冷却结晶PbCl2—铅片置换沉银工艺,对高酸浸出锌渣进行了回收银研究。结果表明,锌和铁的浸出率分别达到92.66%和94.67%,浸出液返回炼锌主流程生产电锌;银和铅的浸出率分别达到94.17%和97.89%;用铅片置换得到粗银粉,银置换率达到99%以上。     

4，4’-联苯二甲酸的合成研究

研究了4,4’-联苯二甲酸的合成,以联苯为原料,经过氯甲基化、氯化、水解得到了目标化合物,总收率48％,产品纯度99．2％。     

3-甲基吡啶-N-氧化物深度氯化以提高产品收率

针对由3-甲基吡啶-N-氧化物与三氯氧磷生产2-氯-5-甲基吡啶过程存在的收率偏低问题,通过固体光气的深度氯化,使合成收率达到了76%,2-氯-5-甲基吡啶和2-氯-3-甲基吡啶合计总收率达95%,大幅度降低了生产成本。