一种新型陶瓷材料及其耐磨性

对新型Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＣ－Ｃｏ陶瓷的磨粒磨损，冲蚀磨损及其在单颗粒作用下的摩擦磨损行为进行了研究。与ＡＴ３０（７０ｗｔ％Ａｌ２Ｏ３－３０ｗｔ％ＴｉＣ）陶瓷相比，Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＴｉＣ－Ｃｏ陶瓷具有更为良好的耐磨性，金属钴的存在提高了基体的韧性，细化了晶粒，其综合力学性能得到了显著提高，ＡＴＣ陶瓷样品耐磨性与其强韧化水平和细致的组织结构有关。     

Erosion of glacial till from the St. Clair River (Great Lakes basin)

Variations in water level observed in Lakes Michigan and Huron during the last few decades have motivated a comprehensive study involving climatic, hydrologic and hydraulic factors organized by International Joint Commission of the Great Lakes. It has been submitted, among other possible causes, that changes in conveyance in the St. Clair River could be contributing to the lowering of the upper Great Lakes water level. Sediment transport processes, in particular bed scour and erosion, can affect significantly a river's conveyance, thus creating the need to assess the erodibility properties of the river bed. To this end, laboratory tests were performed in order to obtain the value of the critical shear stress needed to erode the cohesive fraction of the bed sediment material, known as glacial till, from the St. Clair River. Different flows with increasing velocities were run up to the point where initial sediment erosion could be observed. Through detailed near-bed velocity measurements using a laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system, a value of 4.2 N/m² was obtained as the critical shear stress for the erosion of glacial till. A threshold for the critical shear stress for erosion of similar cohesive sediments was also found and expressed in dimensionless form. These results could be used in combination with mathematical models to estimate the risk of scour and erosion at locations where the glacial till is exposed to both strong currents and flow forces induced by the large navigation vessels commonly observed along the course of the St. Clair River.     

Effect of Sand Movement on a Cohesive Substrate

Flume experiments investigated the effect of mobile sand on the erosion of cohesive beds. The fluid-induced stress alone was not enough to cause erosion, and sand motion as bed load was needed. Erosion rates and suspended sediment concentration were found to increase with increasing sand transport and to decrease with increasing median grain size. The erosion rate was found to be at a maximum during saltation, intermediate during creep, and lowest during suspension.     

Influence of bond coat on shear adhesion strength of erosion and thermal resistant coating for carbon fiber reinforced thermosetting polyimide

Arc-sprayed Al, Zn, and plasma-sprayed Al, Zn, Ni3Al and Cu were deposited on carbon fiber reinforced polyimide substrate as bond coats for erosion and thermal resistant coating. Shear adhesion strength of different materials was tested, and microstructures of bond coats were analyzed with scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the substrate was thermally damaged when Ni3Al or Cu was deposited as bond coat, and the bond coat was delaminated from the substrate. Arc-sprayed and plasma-sprayed Al and Zn could be used as bond coat materials. For Zn as bond coat material, depositing method had little influence on shear adhesion strength. While for Al as bond coat material, plasma spray was superior to arc spray. Preheating could improve shear adhesion strength with plasma sprayed Al as bond coat. The maximum shear adhesion strength obtained in this paper was 14.15 MPa, with plasma-sprayed Al as bond coat, and the preheating temperature was 250 °C.     

加氢精制装置设备的腐蚀与防护

介绍加氢精制装置的主要腐蚀类型及其产生机理,针对不同类型,提出相应的防护措施。     

外加磁场对磁控溅射靶利用率的影响

通过在基片上直接放置一块永久磁铁来研究外加磁场对磁控溅射靶利用率的影响。实验发现 ,外加磁场的引入改变了靶表面附近的磁场分布 ,因而靶的刻蚀环的位置、宽度和深度均发生了明显的变化 ,靶的利用率在S S构型和S N构型中均比无外加磁场时要高。利用空间模拟磁场成功的解释这一实验现象。在S S构型和S N构型中 ,后者靶的刻蚀深度轮廓线比较平坦 ,相对刻蚀深度值更大 ,更能有效地提高靶的利用率     

Systematic Reliability-Based Environmental Design of Erosion for Efficient Engineered Landscape Profiling

Evolving environmental legislation has received increased attention worldwide in the last two decades, reported by Bradfield, Schultz, and Stone in 1996 in Environmental management in the Australian minerals and energy industries. The focus of concern by the industry, environmental regulatory agencies, and members of the public is the potential impacts associated with unstable landscapes which sometimes lead to slope failures, especially in hillside development. Engineered landscape profiles, though stable at the end of construction, may deteriorate over time due to erosion. There is thus a need to increase the base of knowledge on the existing practices of engineered profile design, hillside development, reshaping practices, and erosion control. With escalating production costs and the keen competitiveness in the industry world wide, the necessity to increase the efficiency of engineered profile development is further gaining prominence. This paper reviews the advancement of erosion management research in the industry, economics of landscape profiling, the practical application of the Point Estimate probabilistic technique, and the optimum design selection for the systematic planning and reshaping of engineered landscape profiles. The probabilistic engineering design erosion nomographs developed is useful in determining and illustrating quantitatively the reliability of final engineered landscape designs and the reshaping costs involved for different soil texture types. Landscape designs, which meet environmentally acceptable levels of reliability against erosion failure at optimum earthmoving reshaping costs, can be obtained using this probabilistic engineering design approach whilst satisfying environmental standards and community expectations for erosion minimisation.     

浅谈压滤机腐蚀问题的处理

本文阐述了贵溪冶炼厂硫酸车间废酸处理系统卧式和立式压滤机在生产使用过程中出现的腐蚀问题 ,并提出了改进方案 ,取得了良好的经济效益和社会效益     

Stability and Erosion in Grassed Channels

Grass is a cost-effective form of erosion control. Since grass prevents erosion, the relationship between grass properties and erosion rate in grassed open channels is highlighted and analyzed within the context of channel stability. The deformation of grass caused by the flow’s momentum has been taken into consideration. Results are in good agreement with the available experimental erosion rate data for grassed channels. The purpose of this paper is to show that the amount of deformation of a grass channel lining due to flow can be used to estimate the erosion rate, and, as a result, lining deformation can be used as an indicator of channel stability. The method is simple enough to be useful for design.