溶胶凝胶分步反应合成硅铁红色料及其呈色性能

以FeCl3、NH3·H2O和正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)为原料,采用溶胶凝胶分步反应合成了硅铁红色料。研究了煅烧温度、硅铁比、包裹次数等工艺因素对色料红度值的影响.利用XRD、FTIR和全自动测色差计等分析手段对色料结构和呈色性能进行了表征.XRD图谱中未发现有Fe2O3或Fe3O4的衍射峰,表明铁离子被包裹在二氧化硅晶体内,采用本方法所合成的硅铁红色料具有较好的包裹效果.FTIR分析结果也进一步证实了二氧化硅对铁红色料的包裹.同时,色料的红度值随着煅烧温度的升高呈先增大后减小的趋势,900℃煅烧的色料具有最大红度值,a*=22.89,比传统固相法合成色料的最佳煅烧温度降低了200℃;随着硅铁比的增大,色料的红度值仍出现先增大后减小趋势,硅铁比等于5∶1红度值最大;随着包裹次数的增加,SiO2的包裹层逐渐增厚,色料的红度值逐渐减小,而明度值逐渐增大.     

Fe_3O_4/SiO_2复合粒子的制备及对Cd~(2+)的吸附性能研究

采用共沉淀法制备出粒径为10nm左右、具有超顺磁性的Fe3O4纳米粒子,在Fe3O4纳米粒子外包覆SiO2合成了磁性Fe3O4/SiO2复合粒子,研究了该复合粒子对水溶液中Cd2+离子的吸附性能.利用透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和原子吸收分光光度计(AAS)对样品进行表征,考察了SiO2不同包覆量对吸附剂吸附性能的影响.结果表明:随着SiO2包覆量的增大,SiO2壳层厚度增大,内核中包埋的Fe3O4粒子数量增多,Fe3O4/SiO2复合粒子尺寸随着增大,由50nm左右增大到300 nm左右;Fe3O4纳米粒子表现出了良好的磁性能,比饱和磁化强度达73.6A·m2·kg-1,Fe3O4/SiO2复合粒子的比饱和磁化强度随SiO2包覆量的增大而逐渐减小;Fe3O4/SiO2复合粒子的吸附率随着SiO2包覆量的增多而逐渐增大,最大吸附率为91.0%.     

Fabrication and adsorption property of novel adsorbent for potential application to wastewater with Fe（Ⅲ） ions

The spherical macroporous cellulose（SMC） was fabricated using medical absorbent cotton as raw material and nano CaCO3 as porogenic agents.And then,the phenylglycine was grafted onto the SMC to obtain the novel spherical macroporous cellulose derivative adsorbent（PSMC）.FT-IR and scanning electron microscope（SEM） were employed to characterize the adsorbents and Fe3＋ ions served as model solute to evaluate the adsorption property of the adsorbents.The experimental results show that the amount of porogenic agents and the value of pH have obvious influence on adsorption capacity of the adsorbents.The data of adsorption kinetic and isotherm display that the adsorbents possess excellent equilibrium adsorption capacity（348.94 mg/g） and have a bright prospect and considerable potential in the treatment of Fe3＋ ions in wastewater.     

Superparamagnetic polyvinylpyrrolidone/chitosan/Fe3O4 electrospun nanofibers as effective U(VI) adsorbents

Magnetoactive electrospun fibrous membranes consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), chitosan (CS) and pre-fabricated, double-layer oleic acid-coated magnetite nanoparticles (OA.OA.Fe₃O₄) were fabricated and evaluated as new adsorbent materials for the removal and recovery of uranium (U(VI)) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption has been investigated by batch-type experiments and the solid material has been characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray analysis (TEM/EDX) and vibration sample magnetometry (VSM) measurements prior and after uranium adsorption. The experimental adsorption data were found to be well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second order kinetic model. The results indicate that PVP/CS/OA.OA.Fe₃O₄ fibrous adsorbents exhibit good adsorption properties towards U(VI) in aqueous solutions, achieving a q_max value of 0.77 mol kg⁻¹ (183.3 mg g⁻¹) at pH 6.0. The experiments regarding the regeneration and reuse of the magnetoactive adsorbents were carried out using Na₂CO₃, at pH ~11. After four cycles, the percentage relative adsorption remained stable (~100%) whereas the desorption percentage decreased from 31.9% to 21.0%. Generally, the presented results demonstrate that the incorporation of the Fe₃O₄ NPs has a positive effect on the adsorption efficiency of U(VI) from aquatic environments.     

氧化石墨烯负载纳米Fe3O4类芬顿处理制药废水

采用改进Hummer法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO)负载纳米Fe₃O₄磁性催化剂(Fe₃O₄/GO),对其进行了X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和能量-色散光谱表征,并将其应用于多相类芬顿处理高浓化学原料药生产废水。结果表明,Fe₃O₄颗粒成功负载在GO表面,且没有出现明显的团聚现象。当废水的pH为3,双氧水(H₂O₂的质量分数30%)投加量10 mL/L,催化剂投加量2 g/L,反应120 min后COD去除率达78%,UV254去除率高达81%。三维荧光光(3D-EEM)分析可知,芳香类和富里酸类物质在催化降解过程中得到有效去除。     

Fe3O4@TiO2@SiO2@Ag光催化剂的制备及其光催化活性研究

采用溶剂热法和溶胶-凝胶法合成了磁性Fe₃O₄@TiO₂@SiO₂复合光催化剂,再通过巯基改性,使二氧化硅表面原位合成银纳米颗粒,最终形成目标光催化剂。利用XRD、FT-IR、XPS、SEM、VSM等分析测试手段对该催化剂的组成、结构、形貌及其磁学性能进行表征。通过光催化降解40 mL罗丹明B溶液(pH 5.3,30 mg/L),催化剂按1 g/L加入反应体系,光照120 min时,罗丹明B溶液的降解率达96.22%。相同条件重复循环实验10次,罗丹明B溶液降解率仅下降4.32%,表明Fe₃O₄@TiO₂@SiO₂@Ag磁性光催化剂具有出色的光催化活性和循环使用性。     

磁场和Fe^3＋对铁在0.5mol／LH2SO4中阴极极化行为的影响

用动电位扫描法研究了有无外磁场时纯铁在Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３和Ｈ２ＳＯ４＋Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３溶液中的阴极极化曲线，没有外加磁场时，Ｆｅ＾３＋还原反应与Ｈ＾＋去极化反应有相互促进作用，在单纯Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液或单纯Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３溶液中，外加０．４Ｔ磁场均加速铁的阴极过程，但不改变反应进行的机制；在Ｈ２ＳＯ４＋Ｆｅ２（ＳＯ４）３溶液中磁场对铁阴极过程的加速作用是磁场对Ｆｅ＾３＋还原和对氢离子去极化反应作用     

微量Re对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金性能及微观组织的影响

采用经高能球磨的超细93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe预合金粉末，并添加少量的Re，经压制，烧结制取试样。研究Re对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金性能和微观组织的影响。用机械式拉力试验机测量试样拉伸强度，用扫描电镜观察试样拉伸断1：3的形貌，用金相显微镜对试样显微组织进行测试分析。结果表明：当添加0％-0．8％Re（质量分数，下同）时，随着Re添加量的增加，合金的相对密度稳定在99．43％～99．49％，烧结样品延伸率从不加Re时的26．47％降至0．8％Re时的14．71％，合金的抗拉强度由不加Re时的1025MPa增加到0．8％Re时的1142MPa，合金拉伸断口收缩率由不加Re时的20．45％降至0．8％Re时的10．91％；随着Re含量的增加，合金中W晶粒的穿晶解理断裂的比例增加，而粘结相延性断裂的比例减少；随着Re含量的增加，合金中W晶粒尺寸明显减小，由不加Re时的40μm-45μm减小到添加0．8％Re时的20μm-25μm。     

EFFECT OF COMPOSITION ON PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AMORPHOUS Fe-Si-B ALLOYS

ＥＦＦＥＣＴＯＦＣＯＭＰＯＳＩＴＩＯＮＯＮＰＨＹＳＩＣＡＬＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＯＦＡＭＯＲＰＨＯＵＳＦｅＳｉＢＡＬＬＯＹＳ①ＷａｎｇＬｉｎｇｌｉｎｇ，ＺｈａｏＬｉｈｕａ，ＨｕＷａｎｇｙｕ，ＷｕＬｉｊｕｎ，ＺｈａｎｇＢａｎｇｗｅｉＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅ...     

机械合金化过程中Fe75 Al25二元系统的结构演变

采用X射线衍射仪、差式扫描量热仪等研究机械合金化过程中Fe75Al25元素混合粉的结构演变及热处理对粉体结构的影响。研究表明：球磨过程中，Al向Fe中扩散，直至Al完全溶入Fe中形成非平衡过饱和固溶体Fe(Al)。球磨过程中，Fe75Al25元素混合粉晶粒细化呈现先快后慢的趋势，球磨25h后的晶粒尺寸为6．9nm。Fe75Al25元素混合粉在球磨后的热处理过程中，由无序的Fe(A1)固溶体向有序的DO3-Fe3Al金属间化合物转变。