中国大学生创造性4C认知量表修订

目的对创造性4C认知量表(CC4CS)在中国大学生中进行修订,以便探讨创造性4C理论在中国本土文化中的适用性。方法从在线大学生QQ群中招募全国各地3 360名在校大学生为被试,填写CC4CS中文版初测量表,分析其信效度。结果 (1)各项目的区分度与鉴别性较好(t=14.01~34.77,r=0.31~0.55,P均0.001)。(2)经探索性因子分析,得到与原量表一致的创造性4C结构,累积方差解释率为55.22%。(3)总量表Cronbachα系数为0.85,重测信度为0.88,各分量表的α系数在0.72~0.82之间,重测信度在0.81~0.90之间;与Lawdsei认知创造力量表和Rudowicz-Hui创造力概念调查量表的关联效度分别为0.67、0.77;各分量表与总分以及各分量表之间的相关分别在0.53~0.74、0.10~0.60之间,结构效度良好。结论 CC4CS中文版具有较好的心理测量学指标,适用于在中国文化背景下大学生的创造性4C认知测量。     

Poly(4‐vinyl pyridine)‐grafted graphene oxide for drug delivery and antimicrobial applications

Graphene oxide (GO) was covalently functionalized with poly(4‐vinyl pyridine) (P4VP) by atom transfer radical polymerization for drug delivery and antimicrobial applications. The physiochemical properties, chemical structure, composition and morphology of the P4VP‐functionalized GO (GO‐P4VP) were studied. Simple physisorption of a cancer drug, camptothecin (CPT), via π ? π stacking and/or hydrophobic interactions on the GO‐P4VP was tested for drug loading and its release by altering the pH. The GO‐P4VP has low cytotoxicity, and the CPT‐loaded GO‐P4VP exhibited a high potency for killing cancer cells in vitro. Prominent antimicrobial properties against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were also observed. Thus, the GO‐P4VP can be utilized as a drug delivery vector with high biocompatibility, solubility and stability in physiological solutions, a suitable payload capacity and excellent bacterial toxicity. Owing to its small size, low cost, large specific area, ready scalability and useful non‐covalent interactions, GO‐P4VP is a novel material for biomedical, industrial and environmental applications. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

聚4-乙烯吡啶基碱性膜的制备及性能分析

采用自由基聚合制备聚4-乙烯吡啶(P4VP)。引入溴乙醇(BE)对制备的P4VP进行季铵化处理,合成一系列不同季铵化取代度的季铵化聚4-乙烯吡啶(QPVPE),最后,引入戊二醛(GA)与QPVPE进行交联,制备得到适合燃料电池使用的交联型聚4-乙烯吡啶基碱性膜。实验过程中,借助傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、紫外光谱(UV)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA,DTG)及力学性能测试等分析手段,对得到的导电膜结构及其理化性能进行分析,并对其导电性能进行性能测试。结果表明,QPVPE77.6%-GA16.87%膜综合性能最佳,该膜的电导率为10.48 mS/cm、含水率(WU)86.4%、溶胀率(SR)66.8%、拉伸强度为23.97 MPa。在25℃条件下,于1 mol/L的KOH溶液中浸泡192 h后,电导率损失为19%。因此,该膜具有较好的耐碱性能。     

重组大肠杆菌表达17β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶全细胞催化合成宝丹酮的研究

宝丹酮作为一种重要的蛋白同化雄性激素类固醇，具有提升肌肉质量和耐力的功能。宝丹酮的传统合成方法是以1,4-雄烯二酮（ADD）为底物通过化学法合成，但过程复杂、污染严重。17β-羟基类固醇脱氢酶（17β-HSD）可催化甾体化合物C-17位点的氧化还原反应，实现ADD和宝丹酮的相互转化。本研究通过基因序列同源性分析，筛选到6种不同来源的17β-HSD基因并对其在大肠杆菌中进行异源表达。利用不同重组菌转化ADD合成宝丹酮，结果表明重组菌BL21/pET28a-HSDPy的ADD转化率最高，因此选择BL21/pET28a-HSDPy进行进一步研究。鉴定了重组菌的酶学性质并优化其全细胞转化条件。结果表明在生物量为36 g·L^-1、底物浓度为5.40 g·L^-1条件下，经过两次补料，获得了3.66 g·L^-1宝丹酮，比优化前提高了4.1倍。而且在生物转化过程中未检测到副产物。为生物合成宝丹酮提供了可能。     

New observations on wear characteristics of solid Al2O3/Si3N4 ceramic tool in high speed milling of additive manufactured Ti6Al4V

Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies applied to the titanium alloys have attracted attention from industries in recent years. Despite one of the main goals of AM is the reduction of manufacturing steps, semi-finish/finish machining operations are still required so as to obtain the desired geometrical tolerance and surface features. In this study, the solid end mill was manufactured by Al₂O₃/Si₃N₄ (Sialon) ceramic materials and employed in high-speed slot milling of Ti6Al4V alloy fabricated by the Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) AM technology to study the tool wear characteristics during processing. The Raman spectroscopic method was employed to characterize the molecular structures of Sialon ceramics for the manufacturing of the cutting tool. The morphologies and elemental maps of wear region of the ceramic tool were examined by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques. The results show that the adhesion wear and diffusion wear are the dominant wear mechanisms, and the chemical stability of Al₂O₃/Si₃N₄ (Sialon) ceramics fabricated as the solid ceramic tool to the attack of the atoms from additive manufactured Ti6Al4V is relatively weak under the atmosphere. The difference of thermal expansion coefficients of diffusion layer and tool substrate accelerates the initiation and propagation of thermal cracks formed on the diffusion interface. Moreover, fracturing and crater-like groves near the tool edge were finally formed due to the removal of adhered workpiece material.     

Ternary adsorbent photocatalyst hybrid (APH) nanomaterials for improved abstraction of tetracycline from water

ABSTRACT

Current health situations have instigated increased frequency of taking antibiotics for cure of infections but this amplified use is posing threats to environment. This research is focused to remove Tetracycline (TC), an antibiotic from water, using an advanced nanohybrid that compact the properties of adsorbent and photocatalyst. Compared to conventional methods for remediation of TC, large surface area (452 m²g^?1) adsorbent photocatalyst hybrid (APH) g-C₃N₄/α-MoO₃/ZIF-67 (CMZ) have found much effective as 97% degradation of TC is observed in 110 min with 0.1 g of APH. Increasing g-C₃N₄ in the hybrids has improved percent degradation of TC molecules. CMZ-3 is found as a potential candidate for water treatment.     

Effect of ZrO2 nanoparticles addition to PEO coatings on Ti–6Al–4V substrate: Microstructural analysis,corrosion behavior and antibacterial effect of coatings in Hank's physiological solution

In this study, plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) method was employed to modify the surface of Ti–6Al–4V. Effects of different concentrations of ZrO₂ nanoparticles (0, 1, 3 and 5 g/l) into a phosphate-based electrolyte on the morphology, wettability, antibacterial and corrosion behaviors of coatings were investigated. Microstructural analyses of coatings were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy with an energy dispersive spectrometer. Also, X-ray diffraction, contact angle instrument and profilometry were respectively used to perform phase analysis, wettability, and surface roughness of the coatings. The antibacterial test was conducted with spot inoculation method on four pathogenic bacteria. Polarization and impedance spectroscopy measurements were performed in Hank's solution to investigate the corrosion behavior of coatings. The results revealed that PEO coatings without nanoparticles and by increasing the concentration of the ZrO₂ nanoparticles up to 3 g/l in the electrolyte led to a significant improvement in the antibacterial activities of gram-negative bacteria (P. aeruginosa and E. Coli). In the case of gram-positive bacteria, the PEO coated samples demonstrated improved antibacterial effects but addition of ZrO₂ nanoparticles in the PEO coatings resulted in deterioration of antibacterial effect. The sample coated with 3 g/l ZrO₂ nanoparticles showed the peak corrosion resistance compared to its counterparts.