煤气放空造成安钢制氧机停车事故的紧急处理

煤气放空造成制氧机大面积停车是安钢制氧史上第一次,对事故当时情况和应急处理进行了详述,为同类事故预防和处理提供借鉴。     

COSTA: A Computerized Support System for the Emergency Technical Advisory Body in Japan

If an accident resulting in an emergency occurs at a nuclear facility, the emergency technical advisory body (ETAB) is asked to make technical advice to the national government for emergency response. In order for the ETAB to carry out its role, a significant amount of materials containing information on nuclear power plants is prepared in the ETAB. These materials are all paper copies and very voluminous. Therefore it is required that they should be computerized for more effective use. Further, methods should be developed which aid the ETAB to understand the status of the affected facility and to predict potential radioactivity release to the environment.

To support the ETAB's activities in an emergency, the materials have been computerized as databases for more effective and quick use of them, and an expert system has been developed to quickly predict accident progression and environmental fission product release with the multivariate analysis method. The databases and the expert system have been unified to be a system of COSTA. The first phase of developing COSTA has been completed in FY1992. This paper describes the present status of development of COSTA.     

Developing a taxonomy of coordination behaviours in nuclear power plant control rooms during emergencies

Abstract

This study aims to develop a taxonomy of coordination behaviours during emergencies in nuclear power plants (NPPs). We summarised basic coordination behaviours from literature in aviation, health care and nuclear field and identified coordination behaviours specific to the nuclear domain by interviewing and surveying control crew operators. The established taxonomy includes 7 workflow stages and 24 basic coordination behaviours. To evaluate the reliability and feasibility of the taxonomy, we analysed 12 videos of operators’ training sessions by coding coordination behaviours with the taxonomy and the inter-rater reliability was acceptable. Further analysis of the frequency, the duration and the direction of the coordination behaviours revealed four coordination problems. This taxonomy provides a foundation of systematic observation of coordination behaviours among NPP crews, advances researchers’ understanding of the coordination mechanism during emergencies in NPPs and facilitate the possibility to deepen the understanding of the relationships between coordination behaviours and team performance.

Practitioner Summary: A taxonomy of coordination behaviours during emergencies in nuclear power plants was developed. Reliability and feasibility of the taxonomy was verified through the analysis of 12 training sessions. The taxonomy can serve as an observation system for analysis of coordination behaviours and help to identify coordination problems of control crews.     

对消防部队在地铁环境下应急通信保障的探讨

随着我国城市现代化的进展加快,地铁交通已经存在于各大城市当中,对消防部队而言在抢险救灾中现代化的通信技术必不可少,综合通信保障技术能为消防部队赢得时间、及时发现险情并及时联络各相关应急部门,有效提高工作效益。本文笔者就消防部队在地铁环境下,常规使用的无线通信信号受到太大衰减后,抢险救灾中如何进行综合通信保障,并重点就同轴电缆通信进行了一些有益肤浅的探讨,和同仁共商榷。     

应急柴油发电系统设计问题及分析

分析了工业应急柴油发电系统设计中须注意的问题,包括机房选址、机房降噪、通风设计、排烟系统设计等4个方面。针对这些问题提出了一些工程实践中总结出的对策,可对柴油机发电系统的暖通设计具有一定的参考作用。     

天然气储气调峰与安全应急的有机结合

介绍了厦门市天然气供应概况,结合储气调峰和应急储备的规模及方式,探讨了天然气储气调峰与安全应急的有机结合。     

天然气利用规划中重点问题的研究

阐述了城市天然气利用规划中应重点关注的问题,对气源规划、用气量预测、管网压力级制的选择进行了分析。     

Predictors of domestically violent men's aggression toward children: A prospective study.

This research examines predictors of domestically violent men's aggression toward children after the children and their mothers sought help at an emergency shelter for domestic violence victims. Participants were 62 women who had sought refuge at a domestic violence shelter and who had at least one child between 4 and 9 years old. During their shelter stay, women provided data on partner–child aggression that occurred before shelter entry. After leaving the shelter, they also provided data on postshelter partner–mother intimate partner violence (IPV), children's postshelter contacts with their mothers' partners, and postshelter partner–child aggression on 5 occasions after their shelter departure (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 months postshelter). Consistent with our hypotheses, the level of partner–child aggression before the family entered the shelter, the level of partner–mother IPV after shelter departure, and the frequency of children's contacts with the partners after shelter departure each predicted postshelter partner–child aggression. Clinical and policy implications are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

关注核应急框架体系的演变和扩展

随着近年来放射防护体系的演变,特别是对前苏联切尔诺贝利、巴西戈亚尼亚等事故应急响应经验教训的再总结,ICRP、IAEA以及UNSCEAR等国际组织已经、或者正发布一系列文件,对目前核应急响应框架体系的有关概念、原则和实施导则进行修订,这将导致下一阶段应急响应工作的演变,值得我们关注。2011年3月发生的日本福岛第一核电站事故又为我们带来了对核安全和核应急新的思考。我们对一些极端情况是否已经有了足够的考虑?有哪些要改进?