因特网筒仓库存系统——筒仓称重网络

在以混凝土工业为例的许多工业中，定期或不定期的需要向容器或筒仓内再次装料。能够预测出容器需要再次装料的数量，对用户和供应商来说都是有益的。考虑到用户几乎不能用尽物料也不会过量装料，所以用尽物料和过量装料的后果也极少会发生。供应商不需要满足紧急交货的需求，可以用更经济的方式组织交货。     

Influence of telopeptides,fibrils and crosslinking on physicochemical properties of Type I collagen films

Type I collagen is widely used in various different forms for research and commercial applications. Different forms of collagen may be classified according to their source, extraction method, crosslinking and resultant ultrastructure. In this study, afibrillar and reconstituted fibrillar films, derived from acid soluble and pepsin digested Type I collagen, were analysed using Lateral Force Microscopy (LFM), Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy (FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and enzymatic stability assays to asses the influence of telopeptides, fibrils and crosslinking. LFM proved to be a useful technique to confirm an afibrillar/fibrillar ultrastructure and to elucidate fibril diameters. FTIR has proved insensitive to ultrastructural differences involving telopeptides and fibrils. DSC results showed a significant increase in T_d for crosslinked samples (+22–28°C), and demonstrated that the thermal behaviour of hydrated, afibrillar films is more akin to reconstituted fibrillar films than monomeric solutions. The enzymatic stability assay has provided new evidence to show that afibrillar films of Type I collagen can be significantly more resistant to collagenase (by up to 3.5 times), than reconstituted fibrillar films, as a direct consequence of the different spatial arrangement of collagen molecules. A novel mechanism for this phenomenon is proposed and discussed. Additionally, the presence of telopeptide regions in afibrillar tropocollagen samples has been shown to increase resistance to collagenase by greater than 3.5 times compared to counterpart afibrillar atelocollagen samples. One-factor ANOVA analysis, with Fisher’s LSD post-hoc test, confirms these key findings to be of statistical significance (P < 0.05). The profound physicochemical effects of collagen ultrastructure demonstrated in this study reiterates the need for comprehensive materials disclosure and classification when using these biomaterials.     

Application of micro-ball bearing on Si for high rolling life-cycle

In this paper, we introduce a new class of micro-ball bearing that can be applied between two Si surfaces in relative motion where wear is a problem. Wide channel was created on one Si plate for all the ball bearings to roll within this channel rather than in individual grooves. This type of micro-bearings can be applied as friction reducers to micro- and nano-machines. The tribometer set-up consisted of a top plate (Si wafer), which was connected to a conventional bearing, resting on a bottom plate (also Si wafer) that was rotated at 300 and 500 RPM by a DC motor. Borosilicate glass micro-spheres, 53±3.7 μm in diameter, were rotated between the two circular silicon plates (15 mm diameter) under a dead weight of 235 μN and in high-humidity conditions (75% relative humidity (RH)). Tests on the plate with wide channel consistently exceeded 1 million cycles of rotation without failure of the bearing. The main factors affecting the life-cycle are identified as the presence of a wide channel, ball dispersion, and alignment of the Si plates.     

Modelling human perception of static facial expressions

A recent internet based survey of over 35,000 samples has shown that when different human observers are asked to assign labels to static human facial expressions, different individuals categorize differently the same image. This fact results in a lack of an unique ground-truth, an assumption held by the large majority of existing models for classification. This is especially true for highly ambiguous expressions, especially in the lack of a dynamic context. In this paper we propose to address this shortcoming by the use of discrete choice models (DCM) to describe the choice a human observer is faced to when assigning labels to static facial expressions. Different models of increasing complexity are specified to capture the causal effect between features of an image and its associated expression, using several combinations of different measurements. The sets of measurements we used are largely inspired by FACS but also introduce some new ideas, specific to a static framework. These models are calibrated using maximum likelihood techniques and they are compared with each other using a likelihood ratio test, in order to test for significance in the improvement resulting from adding supplemental features. Through a cross-validation procedure we assess the validity of our approach against overfitting and we provide a comparison with an alternative model based on Neural Networks for benchmark purposes.     

Increased rates of events that activate or deactivate the behavioral approach system, but not events related to goal attainment, in bipolar spectrum disorders.

Research indicates that life events involving goal attainment and goal striving trigger hypomania/mania and that negative life events trigger bipolar depression. These findings are consistent with the behavioral approach system (BAS) dysregulation model of bipolar disorders, which suggests that individuals with bipolar disorders are hypersensitive to cues signaling opportunity for reward and cues signaling failure and loss of rewards. However, no studies to date have investigated whether individuals with bipolar spectrum disorders experience increased rates of these BAS-relevant life events, which would place them at double risk for developing bipolar episodes. The present study found that individuals with bipolar II disorder and cyclothymia experience increased rates of BAS-activating and BAS-deactivating, but not goal-attainment, life events. Finally, for bipolar spectrum individuals only, BAS-activating events predicted BAS-deactivating events' rates. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The colour fastness of dyed fabrics to activated oxygen bleach-containing detergents: an international interlaboratory trial

The UK-TO single wash test procedure, developed to be diagnostic of the oxidative bleach response of dyed articles to repeated washing in activated oxygen bleach-containing detergents, has been subjected to extensive interlaboratory trials. The results indicate that both its repeatability and reproducibility are fully acceptable for the purpose of interlaboratory comparisons.     

Viscoelasticity and compaction behaviour of the foam-like pomelo (Citrus maxima) peel

The pomelo (Citrus maxima) is the largest and heaviest fruit of the genus Citrus and can acquire considerable potential energy as it ripens hanging up to 15 m height. Its thick foam-like structured peel presumably acts inter alia as a shock absorbing layer, protecting the fruit as it impacts on the ground upon being shed. Thereby the peel dissipates kinetic energy by being compacted. In order to elucidate the compaction mechanism of the highly heterogeneous pomelo peel, we conducted incremental stress relaxation tests. Two different models describing the stress relaxation curves, namely, the well-known Maxwell model and the Peleg model were compared and found to be suitable to describe the stress relaxation. As the Peleg model involves only two constants describing the relaxation curves it was the method of choice for interpreting the compaction of the peel samples. The inverse of k ₁ reflects the initial decay rate of the relaxation process and k ₂ is a measure of the samples’ solidity. The behaviour of these constants with increasing strain indicates the strong influence of the peel samples’ geometry and composition which is attributed to the fruit shape, a gradual changing density of the peel, which can be considered as a stacked array of foam layers differing in density, and the turgescence of the biological cells.     

Influence of detuned injection locking on the relaxation oscillation frequency of a multimode semiconductor laser

Abstract

The injection locking characteristics of a multi-mode semiconductor laser are considered. A formalism is developed to investigate the stability properties of an arbitrary laser mode subject to optical injection. The formalism is used to show that the relaxation oscillation frequency (ROF) in a semiconductor laser subject to optical injection is increased relative to that of the free running laser diode. Methods of utilizing positive detuning to determine the best approach of increasing the ROF of a semiconductor laser via injection locking are considered.