PCBN刀具断续切削淬硬钢瞬态冲击力研究

基于正交试验设计方法,使用PCBN刀具进行干式断续车削淬硬钢Cr12Mo V试验,研究了不同切削参数与工件硬度对瞬态冲击力的影响。应用响应曲面法建立了瞬态冲击力的线性预测模型和指数预测模型。研究结果表明:断续切削方式下,工件硬度和切削速度对瞬态冲击力有显著影响;线性预测模型和指数预测模型均能准确地对瞬态冲击力进行预测。     

弧齿锥齿轮箱动态特性分析及辐射噪声预估

以升船机同步系统用弧齿锥齿轮箱为研究对象,综合考虑锥齿轮副刚度激励、误差激励和啮合冲击激励等内部动态激励,建立了包含弧齿锥齿轮副、传动轴、轴承和箱体等的齿轮系统动力有限元模型,采用ANSYS对齿轮系统进行动态响应分析,得到齿轮箱的振动位移、振动速度及振动加速度;以箱体表面节点振动位移为边界激励条件,在SYSNOISE中建立箱体声学边界元模型,采用直接边界元法进行辐射噪声预估,得出箱体表面的声压云图及场点的辐射噪声。结果表明:齿轮箱动态响应及辐射噪声的峰值频率均出现在啮合频率及其倍频处。     

Mesoplasticity approach to studies of the cutting mechanism in ultra-precision machining

There have been various theoretical attempts by researchers worldwide to link up different scales of plasticity studies from the nano-, micro- and macro-scale of observation, based on molecular dynamics, crystal plasticity and continuum mechanics. Very few attempts, however, have been reported in ultra-precision machining studies. A mesoplasticity approach advocated by Lee and Yang is adopted by the authors and is successfully applied to studies of the micro-cutting mechanisms in ultra-precision machining. Traditionally, the shear angle in metal cutting, as well as the cutting force variation, can only be determined from cutting tests. In the pioneering work of the authors, the use of mesoplasticity theory enables prediction of the fluctuation of the shear angle and micro-cutting force, shear band formation, chip morphology in diamond turning and size effect in nano-indentation. These findings are verified by experiments. The mesoplasticity formulation opens up a new direction of studies to enable how the plastic behaviour of materials and their constitutive representations in deformation processing, such as machining can be predicted, assessed and deduced from the basic properties of the materials measurable at the microscale.     

基于多变量灰色模型的磨削参数预测研究

磨削参数影响混凝土的金刚石磨削应用效果.利用实验数据样本,基于多变量灰色预测理论建立了混凝土的金刚石磨削参数灰色预测模型.结合实验数据分析和验证了以磨削混凝土的金刚石磨削参数为输入、以磨削加工量和金刚石磨粒磨损为输出的预测模型,实例结果表明,该模型可以较好地预测金刚石刀具的机械加工量和磨粒磨损值.     

An analytical approach to cutting force prediction in milling of carbon fiber reinforced polymer laminates

ABSTRACT

A prediction model of cutting force for milling multidirectional laminate of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was developed in this article by using an analytical approach. In the predictive model, an equivalent uniform chip thickness was used in the case of orthogonal plane cutting, and the average specific cutting energy was taken as an empirical function of equivalent chip thickness and fiber orientation angle. The parameters in the model were determined by the experimental data. Then, the analytical model of cutting force prediction was validated by the experimental data of multidirectional CFRP laminates, which shows the good reliability of the model established. Furthermore, the cutting force component of flank contact force was correlated with the surface roughness of workpiece and the flank wear of tool in milling UD-CFRP composites. It was found that surface quality as well as flank wear has a co-incident varying trend with the flank contact force, as confirmed by the observations of the machined surfaces and tool wear at different fiber orientations. So, it can be known that low flank contact force be required to reduce surface damage and flank wear.     

基于加速退化数据的航空液压泵剩余寿命预测技术研究

航空液压泵是航空装备的关键件之一。如何很好地预测液压泵的剩余寿命,使得液压泵的有效寿命能够得到更加充分合理地利用,将具有很大的理论价值和经济效益。通过研究某型航空液压泵的失效模式、失效机理和退化参数,确定其加速退化试验方案,建立其加速退化模型,并在此基础上建立了一套基于加速性能退化试验数据的航空液压泵剩余寿命预测方法及步骤,并以该型航空液压泵的加速性能退化试验数据为例对其剩余寿命进行了预测,验证了该方法的正确性和有效性。     

金属构件双变量疲劳损伤模型的研究

引入描述双变量损伤条件下的本构关系,进而以热力学原理为基础,引入损伤驱动力,建立损伤演化准则。构建一般情况下的时间型损伤演化方程和循环型损伤演化方程。利用分离变量方法再对损伤演化方程积分,得到光滑试件在恒幅应变交变载荷作用下寿命预估方法。根据损伤力学守恒积分原理,得到有缺口试件在恒幅应变交变载荷作用下寿命预估方法。利用上述寿命预估方法,由KT=1与KT=3的标准试件中值疲劳试验数据确定损伤演化方程中的材质参数。在此基础上给出不同KT下的理论中值疲劳曲线,为采用损伤力学方法来描述构件的疲劳寿命提供一种可行的方法。     

高层建筑人员疏散行动时间的预测

针对目前疏散模型忽略房间中障碍物对人员行动的影响，提出一种“L”型行动路线，对空间节点进行了细化，建立了完善、合理的疏散行动时间预测数学模型。以此为基础开发出了高层建筑人员疏散行动时间预测软件，通过实例计算和对比国外公式，证明了节点细化的正确和软件开发的成功。     

浅谈项目成本管理

对项目成本的预测和计划进行了分析,从人工费、材料费、机械使用费、临时设施费、项目管理费用等方面对项目成本的控制进行了阐述,最后介绍了几种项目成本分析方法,以做好项目成本的控制和管理工作。     

TSP203超前预报系统探测岩溶隧道的应用研究

在岩溶地区隧道施工过程中,经常遇到溶洞、暗河、断层及突水、突泥等无法预料的地质灾害,给施工带来了重大灾难和无法估计的经济损失.为了保证岩溶地区隧道施工安全,对岩溶的发育情况进行准确及时的超前预报,具有重要的理论意义和重大的工程价值.TSP超前地质预报系统与其他预报方法相比,在准确性和预报距离以及操作可行性等方面都具有一定的优势.基于TSP203 plus 系统对沪(上海)蓉(成都)西高速公路齐岳山隧道进口左洞溶洞进行了预报.对照溶洞实际开挖情况,分析了该系统的实用性和可信性以及在指导施工方面起的重要作用.