Inconel 690传热管GTAW对接焊接头组织及力学性能研究

对Inconel 690传热管材进行钨极气体保护焊(GTAW)对接焊,采用拉伸试验机、压扁试验机和光学显微镜测试和分析传热管焊接接头,同时利用ANSYS软件开展焊接接头在设计工况失压时的一次应力强度校核。研究结果表明:焊缝中心为树枝胞状晶,熔合线附近为粗大柱状晶。室温时接头的平均抗拉强度为619 MPa,平均屈服强度为292 MPa,350℃时接头平均抗拉强度为475 MPa,平均屈服强度为206 MPa,拉伸接头断裂从熔合区开始贯穿整个焊缝组织,呈塑性断裂。压扁试验和反向压扁试验结果表明管接头完好。通过ANSYS分析可知,设计工况下传热管接头350℃许用应力强度150 MPa限值可满足其一次应力强度要求,且裕量较大。     

On chemical and diffusional interactions between PCBN and superalloy Inconel 718: Imitational experiments

During a metal cutting process, chemical wear can become the dominant mechanism of tool degradation under the high temperatures and contact pressures that arise between the tool and the metal workpiece. This study focuses on the chemical and diffusional interactions between superalloy Inconel 718 and cubic boron nitride (cBN) tool material with and without TiC binder. It covers thermodynamic modeling and experimental tests in the pressure range of 0.1 Pa to 2.5 GPa at temperatures up to 1600 °C. The methods used include diffusion couples under both vacuum and high pressure, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis and in-situ synchrotron observations. It is shown that cBN is prone to diffusional dissolution in the metal and to reactions with niobium, molybdenum, and chromium from Inconel 718. Adding TiC binder changes the overall degradation process because it is less susceptible to these interaction mechanisms.     

The influence of the processing route on the fragmentation of (Nb,Ti)C stringers and its role on mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement of nickel based alloy 718

The nickel-base superalloy 718 is a precipitation hardened alloy widely used in the nuclear fuel assembly of pressurized water reactors (PWR). However, the alloy can experience failure due to hydrogen embrittlement (HE). The processing route can influence the microstructure of the material and, therefore, the HE degree. In particular, the size and distribution of the (Nb,Ti)C particles can be affected by the processing. In this regard, the objective of this work was to analyze the influence of cold and hot deformation processing routes on the development of the microstructure, and the consequences on mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement. Tensile samples were hydrogenated through gaseous charging and compared to non-hydrogenated samples. Characterization was performed via scanning and transmission electron microscopies, as well as electron backscattered diffraction. The processing was effective to promote significant variations in average grain size and length fraction of special Σ3ⁿ boundaries, as well as reduction of average (Nb,Ti)C particle size, being these changes more intense for the cold-rolled route. For the mechanical properties, on one side, the cold-rolled route presented the highest increase in ductility for non-hydrogenated samples, while, on the other side, had the highest degree of embrittlement under hydrogen. This dual behavior was attributed to the interaction of hydrogen with the (Nb,Ti)C particles and stringers and its ensuing influence on the fracture processes.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties in the TLP joint of FeCoNiTiAl and Inconel 718 alloys using BNi2 filler

High entropy alloy(HEA) of Fe Co Ni Ti Al and Inconel 718 superalloy were firstly transient liquid phase(TLP) bonded by BNi2 filler due to the diffusion of Si and B in the filler to the base metals. The effects of bonding time on microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the TLP joints were investigated.Owing to the complete isothermal solidification of the joints bonded for 30 min 120 min at 1100°C,no athermally solidified zones(ASZs) formed by eutectic phases were observed in the welded zone. Thus the TLP joints were only composed by the isothermally solidified zone(ISZ) and two diffusion affected zone(DAZ) adjacent to the dissimilar base metals and the negative effect of the ASZ on joint properties can be avoided. In addition, the increase of the bonding time can also make the Ti B2 borides precipitated in the DAZ near HEA and the brittle borides or carbides in the DAZ near IN718 alloy decrease and reduce the possibility of the stress concentration happened in the joints under loading. Therefore, the highest shear strength(632.1 MPa) of the TLP joints was obtained at 1100°C for 120 min, which was higher than that of the joint bonded for 30 min, 404.2 MPa. Furthermore, the extension of the bonding time made the fracture mechanism of the joint be transformed from the intergranular fracture to the transgranular fracture. However, as the brittle borides in the DAZ near IN718 can not be eliminated completely and refining of grains also happened in such region, all the TLP joints fractured inner the DAZ near IN718 alloy.     

固溶温度对激光增材制造Inconel 718合金组织和性能的影响

目的探索激光增材制造Inconel718高温合金最理想的固溶处理制度。方法利用激光增材制造技术制备了Inconel 718合金,通过组织观察(光学显微镜和扫描电镜)、能谱分析和维氏硬度测试等方法,研究了固溶温度对其组织、析出相及硬度的影响。结果不同固溶温度对Inconel 718的晶粒尺寸有很大影响。在固溶温度1000℃下保温1 h,沉积层开始出现再结晶现象。当固溶温度继续增加到1080℃时,与沉积态的组织相比,晶粒明显细化且再结晶过程基本完成。此外,不同固溶温度条件下,Inconel718的相析出和溶解行为也有所差异。固溶温度为940℃时,在未溶解的Laves相周围存在明显的δ相,当固溶温度继续提高时,δ相由于固溶作用而数量减少。另外,不同固溶温度处理后的合金显微硬度也表现出规律变化。当固溶温度为940℃时,试样硬度高于沉积态硬度,但是随着固溶温度持续升高,合金的显微硬度开始迅速下降并低于沉积态硬度,1050℃时保持稳定;当温度高于1150℃时,显微硬度继续迅速下降。结论激光增材制造Inconel718合金的热处理制度不同于铸造和锻造的热处理制度,其较为理想的固溶制度为1080～1150℃保温1 h。     

永磁电机转子护套用高温合金Inconel625切削性能仿真与试验研究

本文针对高速永磁电机转子保护材料镍基高温合金Inconel625的切削性能展开研究。采用仿真软件DEFORM-3D建立了该材料的三维有限元仿真模型,仿真模型采用了Johnson-Cook模型、Usui刀具磨损模型等关键技术。通过仿真得到了切削过程中切削力的变化趋势、温度场的分布特性、刀具磨损、切屑形状等。在结合试验分析的基础上,得到了切削参数对切削力、切削温度、刀具磨损的影响规律。研究结果对Inconel625合金车削过程切削条件的合理选择和刀具使用寿命的提高提供了理论依据,为深入研究Inconel625合金切削机理提供了理论依据。     

激光成形修复Inconel 625合金的工艺特性和组织研究

对激光成形修复Inconel 625合金的工艺特性以及不同区域的组织进行了研究。结果表明:激光成形修复Inconed625合金的工艺范围较宽;激光功率主要影响单道修复层的宽度;扫描速度对单道修复层的尺寸影响较为显著,而送粉率的影响较小。基材的相组成包括γ(Ni-Cr)基体相、大尺寸(约10μm)块状MC型碳化物(M为Nb和Ti)、沿晶界析出的小尺寸(约0.5μm)块状MC型碳化物以及不规则形状的Laves相。修复区组织为呈外延生长的柱状枝晶,相组成为γ基体相、沿枝晶界析出的Laves相以及少量MC型碳化物。层与层界面处Laves相析出急剧增加形成层间过渡区。     

大型预硬化718塑料模具钢不同区域的抛光性能

用光学显微镜和扫描电镜对截面尺寸为1 360mm×715mm的大型预硬化718塑料模具钢块不同区域的显微组织进行了分析,用原子力显微镜对不同显微组织的表面形貌进行了观察,分析了珠光体/回火贝氏体混合组织区域的抛光去除机制。结果表明:模具钢边部为均匀的回火索氏体组织,边部和心部的中间部位存在带状偏析,组织为回火贝氏体、珠光体以及偏析处形成的索氏体+粒状碳化物,心部为珠光体组织;回火索氏体组织细小,回火碳化物分布均匀,具有良好的抛光性能;回火贝氏体组织由于具有粗大的贝氏体铁素体板条和粗大的不均匀分布的颗粒状碳化物,其抛光性能较差;珠光体以及偏析处形成的异常组织的抛光性能也较差,可观察到橘皮形貌;具有不同组织的表面,其组织间的屈服强度相差越大,则表面抛光性能越差。     

Investigation on Some Machinability Aspects of Inconel 825 During Dry Turning

In the current study, attempt has been made to investigate the influence of cutting speed (Vc) (51, 84, and 124 m/min) on various machining characteristics like chip morphology, chip thickness ratio, tool wear, surface, and sub-surface integrity during dry turning of Inconel 825. Comparable study was carried out using uncoated and commercially available chemical vapor deposition multilayer coated (TiN/TiCN/Al₂O₃/ZrCN) cemented carbide (ISO P30 grade) insert. Chip morphology consists of chip forms obtained at different cutting conditions. Serrated chips were observed when machining Inconel 825 with both types of tool with more serration in case of uncoated insert. The chip thickness ratio increased as cutting speed was increased. Use of multilayer coated tool also resulted in increase in chip thickness ratio. Rake and flank surfaces were examined with scanning electron microscope and optical microscope. Abrasion, adhesion, and diffusion wears were found to be dominating tool wear mechanism during dry machining of Inconel 825. The beneficial effect of coated tool over its uncoated counterpart was most prominent during machining at high cutting speed (Vc = 124 m/min). The surface and sub-surface integrity obtained with coated tool were superior to that while machining Inconel 825 with uncoated tool.     

Fundamental Turning Characteristics of Inconel 718 by Applying Ultrasonic Elliptical Vibration on the Base Plane

Inconel 718, a nickel-based superalloy, exhibits desirable properties over a wide temperature range, and it is widely used in industry. However, Inconel 718 is typically difficult to cut because of its strong work hardening, high temperature tensile strength, and shear strength. To improve the machinability of Inconel 718, this study proposes ultrasonic turning by applying elliptical vibration to the base plane. The principle and features of the ultrasonic elliptical vibration are discussed in detail. Experiments were conducted on a commercial ultrasonic cutting unit installed onto a commercial numerical control (NC) lathe; the cutting forces were found to be lower in the new method than in conventional turning (CT). Microchip particles were observed on both chip and work surface in CT but were almost absent on the surfaces prepared by ultrasonic elliptical vibration assisted turning (UEVT). Furthermore, the cutting tool used in CT developed built-up edge (BUE), and its flank wear became heavier; in contrast, negligible BUE and less flank wear were found on the cutting tool used in UEVT. The theoretical surface roughness of UEVT was calculated and it agreed much well with the measured surface roughness.