High-entropy titanate pyrochlore as newly low-thermal conductivity ceramics

Low-thermal conductivity ceramics play an indispensable role in maximizing the efficiency and durability of hot end components. Pyrochlore, particularly zirconate pyrochlore, is currently a highly promising and widely studied candidate for its extremely low thermal conductivity. However, there are still few pyrochlores that offer both stiffness, insulation, and good thermal expansion properties. In this work, the solidification method was innovatively introduced into the preparation of titanate pyrochlore, and combined it with the compositional design of high-entropy. Through careful composition design and solidification control, the high-density and uniform elements distributed high-entropy titanate pyrochlore ceramics were successfully prepared. These samples possess high hardness (15.88 GPa) and Young’s modulus (295.5 GPa), low thermal conductivity (0.947 W·m^?1·K^?1), excellent thermal expansion coefficient (11.6 ×10^?6/K) and an exquisite balance between stiffness and insulation (E/κ, 312.1 GPa·W^?1·m·K), in which the E/κ exhibits the highest value among the current reported works.     

C105管桩混凝土设计参数取值的探讨

通过试验得出了C105混凝土100 mm×100 mm×100 mm立方体非标准试件抗压强度换算系数以及C105混凝土的标准方差和强度变异系数。采用理论计算,得到了棱柱体抗压强度与立方体抗压强度的比值α_c1,并与试验实测平均值进行了比较,验证了理论计算方法的可行性。此外,通过对比分析,探讨了直接外延法和引用公式法两种C105混凝土设计参数计算方法的正确性,研究结果可为C105管桩混凝土的设计和应用提供参考。     

建筑物掏土纠倾法单孔与多孔塑性区特性研究及工程应用

在建筑物水平掏土纠倾工程中，掏土孔间距是影响纠倾工程安全与工期的重要因素。为了快速准确地确定纠倾工程中的水平掏土孔间距，研究了单个掏土孔和多个掏土孔情况下孔周边土体塑性区发展特性。利用土体塑性力学分析计算得到了单孔下的孔周土塑性区半径，而后通过有限元模拟得到孔周土体塑性区半径的数值解，将孔周塑性区半径解析解与数值解进行了对比。并通过有限元数值模型研究了多个掏土孔相互影响情况下的塑性区发展规律，以孔间土体塑性区贯通时的距离作为掏土孔间距。考虑土体参数随机特性的影响，研究不同上部荷载作用下掏土孔间距的取值变化规律，上部面荷载与地基承载力特征值比值用p表示，孔间距与掏土孔直径比值用n表示。研究发现：多孔塑性区半径（孔间塑性区贯通时）是单孔塑性区半径的1.3倍左右;标准化荷载p与孔间距比值n二者呈线性关系;通过不同土体参数及上部荷载的不同情况下的p-n曲线，给出了掏土孔间距建议值。同时，将研究结果与三个实际工程进行对比，发现p-n曲线法与实际结果更为接近。     

基于音频特征的工程车辆工况识别研究

高效率地使用工程车辆是工程项目管理中节约成本的有效方法，无人监管环境下工程车辆的工况识别，是实现工程车辆高效率使用的有效手段。目前以GPS等技术为核心的车辆智能管理系统未对工程车辆进行工况识别，提出一种基于GRU循环神经网络的工程车辆工况识别方法，通过对工程车辆在不同工况下产生的音频信号进行分析，从中提取Mel倒谱系数作为主要特征，构建GRU循环神经网络模型进行训练和识别。实验结果表明，该方法可以实现对工程车辆工况的有效识别。     

High-performance Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbZrO3-PbTiO3 ceramics with the triple point composition

Ternary 0.552Pb(Ni_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃-xPbZrO₃-(0.448-x)PbTiO₃ (PNN-PZ-PT) ceramics near the triple point compositions were fabricated by an improved two-step sintering method. The triple point composition 0.552PNN-0.135PZ-0.313PT ceramic has outstanding piezoelectric performance with piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ = 1200 pC/N. Its easy fabrication and low cost make this piezoelectric material an excellent candidate for high sensitivity sensors and ultrasonic transducers. The evolution of domain structures for ceramics with composition near the triple point provides deeper insight into the mechanism of ultrahigh piezoelectric properties of PNN-PZ-PT ceramics.     

The Age-Sensitive Efficacy of Calorie Restriction on Mitochondrial Biogenesis and mtDNA Damage in Rat Liver

Calorie restriction (CR) is the most efficacious treatment to delay the onset of age-related changes such as mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the sensitivity of mitochondrial markers to CR and the age-related boundaries of CR efficacy are not fully elucidated. We used liver samples from ad libitum-fed (AL) rats divided in: 18-month-old (AL-18), 28-month-old (AL-28), and 32-month-old (AL-32) groups, and from CR-treated (CR) 28-month-old (CR-28) and 32-month-old (CR-32) counterparts to assay the effect of CR on several mitochondrial markers. The age-related decreases in citrate synthase activity, in TFAM, MFN2, and DRP1 protein amounts and in the mtDNA content in the AL-28 group were prevented in CR-28 counterparts. Accordingly, CR reduced oxidative mtDNA damage assessed through the incidence of oxidized purines at specific mtDNA regions in CR-28 animals. These findings support the anti-aging effect of CR up to 28 months. Conversely, the protein amounts of LonP1, Cyt c, OGG1, and APE1 and the 4.8 Kb mtDNA deletion content were not affected in CR-28 rats. The absence of significant differences between the AL-32 values and the CR-32 counterparts suggests an age-related boundary of CR efficacy at this age. However, this only partially curtails the CR benefits in counteracting the generalized aging decline and the related mitochondrial involvement.     

Strain mediated enhancement in magnetoelectric properties of sonochemically synthesized piezoelectric and piezomagnetic composites

Materials with magneto-electric (ME) properties are of great importance because of their demand in electronic industries. Three dimensional nano-particles of the ME-composites having the general formula (1-x)CoCr_0.3Fe_1.7O₄(CCFO)+(x)BaTiO₃(BTO) (x = 0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0) were obtained by comprising the piezoelectric-BTO and piezomagnetic-CCFO phases. The individual phases of CCFO and BTO were synthesized separately by ultrasonic irradiation assisted sonochemical and sol-gel routs. X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD) confirmed the well-crystalline nature of both the phases. BTO and CCFO phases were under tensile strain as confirmed by the variation in lattice constants with varying proportion of BTO and CCFO. An energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy spectrum confirmed the phase purity of the samples and stoichiometric concentration of elements. Magnetic properties were investigated by M ? H loop measurements and dielectric properties by using RF impedance analyzer. Dielectric constant increased with the increasing percentage of BTO. The maximum value of ME coefficient (24.7 mV/cm?Oe) is observed for the 60%CCFO+40%BTO sample. The obtained results were discussed in the light of grain size, strain and the basic properties of the individual phases. The prepared materials can be applicable in electronic devices where high magneto-electric coefficient is desirable.     

Process parameters influence on zone refining and thermodynamics analysis of 1,2-diphenylethane

Effective distribution coefficients of 9 impurities in 1,2-diphenylethane have been calculated by directional crystallization under different ambient frozen temperature. The effect of varied zone size, temperature difference between the melt and ambient frozen environment, number of zone on purity of 1,2-diphenylethane have been also investigated during the process of zone refining. The results indicate that the product purity in the intermediate purified region with varied zone size is higher 0.04%-0.2% than that with constant zone size. The product purity increases with temperature difference between the melt and ambient frozen environment. The appropriate temperature difference is adopted 50℃. The product purity in the intermediate region of sample bar with 2 molten zones is higher 0.05%-0.43% than that with 1 molten zone. In addition, the change of enthalpy and entropy between impurities and 1,2-diphenylethane have been determined.