结合注意力的3D卷积网络脑胶质瘤分割算法

为了提升脑胶质瘤分割精度，提出一种结合注意力机制的3D卷积神经网络算法。输入3个不同尺度的图像块，经过9个卷积层和1个分类层后得到3个不同的分类结果，将分类结果与注意力学习到的权重相乘并逐体素相加得到输出。此外该算法采用了一种混合Dice损失函数与Focal损失函数的超参数损失函数。实验表明，该算法的Dice系数在整体区域、核心区域以及增强区域分别达到了95.31%、80.12%、82.25%。与已有的一种脑胶质瘤分割算法deepmedic相比，整体区域、核心区域以及增强区域的Dice系数分别提升了3%、2%、6%。在脑胶质瘤分割方面，具有重要的临床意义。     

D-混料最优设计优化茶多酚微胶囊工艺 及其脂肪氧化抑制作用

本文以壳聚糖、明胶为壁材,茶多酚为芯材,包封率为响应值,采用D-混料最优设计研究了自组装法包埋茶多酚的工艺优化,将得到的茶多酚微胶囊按一定质量比例添加到肉糜中,通过电子鼻测定其风味差异,并研究肉样储藏过程中的丙二醛含量变化对其抑制脂肪氧化作用。结果表明体系中茶多酚、明胶、壳聚糖的含量分别为0.40、0.50和0.10时(以试验体系干物质总量为1),包封率为50.87%。添加0.01%、0.03%、0.05%的茶多酚微胶囊的猪肉,4 ℃下处理10 d后其丙二醛含量(TBARs)值分别为0.183、0.135、0.108 mg/kg,均较未添加茶多酚的空白处理和非微胶囊茶多酚处理组显著降低(P<0.05),电子鼻测定结果也显示添加不同茶多酚处理组的风味和空白组有较大区别,说明得到的茶多酚微胶囊能有效抑制脂肪氧化,延长猪肉的保藏时间。     

高性能有机氟材料制备科学及应用进展

有机氟材料具有优异的热氧稳定性、耐化学腐蚀性、耐老化性、不黏性、电绝缘性以及极小的摩擦系数等特性，因此作为一种不可替代的材料广泛应用于高新技术产业。近年来高新技术产业发展对高性能有机氟材料的需求引发了学术界和工业界对氟材料的研究兴趣。依据本文作者的研究经历及有机氟材料的发展方向，本文介绍了氟树脂（新型含氟聚合物、电活性含氟聚合物、新型全氟磺酸聚合物、聚四氟乙烯3D打印）及氟橡胶（过氧化物硫化氟橡胶、耐低温氟醚橡胶、耐高温全氟醚橡胶、全氟聚醚基类玻璃橡胶）的制备科学及应用进展，特别阐述为了满足航空航天、能源、信息等高新技术产业需求发展的新一代高性能有机氟材料。本文也介绍了近期出现的聚四氟乙烯新成型技术及类玻璃氟橡胶。文章指出发展绿色环保和高效的高性能有机氟材料制备及成型加工方法是今后的发展方向。     

管花肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷的巨噬细胞激活作用及其与当归、黄芪在调节免疫方面的协同作用

目的:研究管花肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷对巨噬细胞的激活作用,并筛选获得一个复方,研究其对正常小鼠的增强免疫力作用。方法:通过巨噬细胞激活实验,考察管花肉苁蓉苯乙醇苷提取物对巨噬细胞RAW264.7吞噬活性和TNF-α、IL-6等分泌的影响;研究当归、黄芪提取物的配伍对苯乙醇苷提取物的巨噬细胞激活作用的影响;据此制备复方片剂,通过ConA诱导的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化试验、迟发型变态反应试验、抗体生成细胞检测、小鼠碳廓清试验和小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞试验,评价其对正常小鼠的免疫调节作用。结果:75、100、125 g/L苯乙醇苷提取物均能提高RAW264.7细胞吞噬活性,以及NO、iNOS、TNF-α、IL-6水平,其中以100 g/L苯乙醇苷提取物效果最佳(P<0.01);并且,当归、黄芪提取物对苯乙醇苷提取物的巨噬细胞激活功能具有极显著的促进作用(P<0.01);以此为依据制备的复方片剂,0.4、1.2 g/kg·bw/d组可显著促进淋巴细胞增殖(P<0.05)、1.2 g/kg·bw/d组可显著促进细胞免疫反应(P<0.05),0.4 g/kg·bw/d组可显著促进抗体生成(P<0.05),1.2 g/kg·bw/d组可显著提高小鼠碳廓清能力和巨噬细胞吞噬能力(P<0.05)。结论:苯乙醇苷提取物可通过诱导iNOS表达,刺激巨噬细胞合成NO,同时刺激巨噬细胞释放TNF-α和IL-6,激活巨噬细胞的免疫调节功能;以其与当归、黄芪提取物制备的复方片剂,可通过调节细胞免疫、单核-巨噬细胞功能而发挥对正常小鼠的增强免疫力作用,并对体液免疫有积极影响。     

CD34⁺ CD38^- subpopulation without CD123 and CD44 is responsible for LSC and correlated with imbalance of immune cell subsets in AML

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is regarded as a stem cell disease. However, no one unique marker is expressed on leukemia stem cells (LSC) but not on leukemic blasts nor normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). CD34⁺ CD38- with or without CD123 or CD44 subpopulations are immunophenotypically defined as putative LSC fractions in AML. Nevertheless, markers that can be effectively and simply held responsible for the intrinsical heterogeneity of LSC is still unclear. In the present study, we examined the frequency of three different LSC subtypes (CD34⁺ CD38^-, CD34⁺ CD38^- CD123⁺ , CD34⁺ CD38^- CD44⁺ ) in AML at diagnosis. We then validated their prognostic significance on the relevance of spectral features for diagnostic stratification, immune status, induction therapy response, treatment effect maintenance, and long-term survival. In our findings, high proportions of the above three different LSC subtypes were all significantly characterized with low complete remission (CR) rate, high relapse/refractory rate, poor overall survival (OS), frequent FLT3-ITD mutation, the high level of regulatory T cells (Treg) and monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (M-MDSC). However, there was no significant statistical difference in all kinds of other clinical performance among the three different LSC groups. It was demonstrated that CD34⁺ CD38^- subpopulation without CD123 and CD44 might be held responsible for LSC and correlated with an imbalance of immune cell subsets in AML.     

大红山Ⅰ号矿带含铜铁矿体资源开采利用探析

为探析大红山Ⅰ号矿带含铜铁矿体资源开采利用，在对该矿体地质特征分析的基础上，结合矿山采选技术参数及经济指标，探索适合矿山生产实际的含铜铁矿体圈定工业指标，在原有地质资料基础上圈定出部分具备回采价值含铜铁矿体，以期实现提高Ⅰ号铁铜矿带含铜铁矿体资源利用率提供参考性的思路和方法的目的     

青海拉脊山地区新发现矿化点地质特征及找矿前景分析

通过对青海拉脊山地区开展1:5万区域地质调查,摸清了该区域地层特征及含矿性情况,以及在本次区域地质调查工作基础上,新发现的矿(化)点9处,主要有成矿潜力点5处,即上龙湾北石墨矿点、来路村北铁矿化点、俄加萤石矿点、松巴铜矿点、上峡铁矿点、红嘴滩泥炭矿点。结合拉脊山一带的区域地质背景,综合研究了该地区成矿地质条件,对该区域的找矿前景进行了分析。     

Physiochemical structure of semicoke derived from co-carbonization of coal and sawdust blends

The substitution of coal blending with sawdust had been widely investigated for metallurgical coke production. In this paper, the physiochemical structures of the semicoke derived from sawdust/coals blends co-coking were characterized by several analytical techniques including FTIR-ATR, XPS, NMR, OM, and SEM. Meanwhile, the influence of the sawdust on the physicochemical properties of the sawdust/coals blends were also investigated. Results indicated that partial substitution of coal blending with sawdust benefited from the formation of colloid and optical anisotropy due to the positive synergetic effect, whereas high proportion of sawdust (>10 wt%) inhibited the agglomeration of semi-coke. On the other hand, the semicoke consisted primarily of aromatic carbons replaced by the oxygen linked to carbons and aliphatic carbons when the coal blending was replaced by high proportion of sawdust, causing a less polyaromatic graphite-like structure formation in the semicoke.     

矿业废弃地的生态恢复与重建研究

大量的矿产资源开采,对生态破坏、环境污染十分严重,并形成了很多矿业废弃地.本文在国内外矿业废弃地生态恢复现状的基础上,对生态恢复与重建的方法进行了综述,并提出其存在的问题.