PCR技术对浓香型白酒糟醅细菌菌群的解析

为探索中国浓香型白酒发酵糟醅中细菌类微生物区系的形成和演变规律，通过发酵全过程跟踪取样和借助PCR扩增技术，对窖池中心糟醅样品进行了DGGE分析和16SrDNA同源性比较。研究发现，发酵初期表现出明显的微生物多样性分布，共检出Erwinoa、Kozakia、Acetobacter、Bacilllus、Staphylococcus、Lactobacillus、Granulicatella、Arthrobacter、Microbacterivm、Shewanella、Clostridium以及未分类Clostidales等11个以上的细菌分类属；随着发酵的进行，Lactobacillus属细菌成为主要优势菌，检出的有效克隆达到全部克隆的56．1％，并全部为Lac．Acetotolerans（98％）菌株。主要细菌菌群的数量分布及变化趋势揭示，在浓香型白酒糟醅发酵过程中，Lactobacillus属细菌可能充当着重要的角色。  

支持向量机及其在径流预测中的应用

给出了支持向量机方法(SVM)的思路、特点及关键之处，探讨了SVM在径流预测中的可能性，并与基于遗传算法的门限回归模型(TR) 进行了对比分析。径流预测实例分析表明，在拟合阶段，SVM模型要好于TR模型；在预留检验阶段，SVM模型与TR模型接近。同时SVM模型适合于小样本情况且能达到全局最优。SVM模型用于径流预测是可行的、优越的。  

基于SPA的水文预测模型评估

为了对水文预测模型的可靠性和有效程度进行评定和检验，引入集对分析(Set Pair Analysis,SPA)方法，从同、异、反3个方面刻画预测模型的误差分布情况，利用联系度描述水文预测模型的预测精度，从而建立基于集对分析的水文预测模型评估方法。通过对水文预测中的TR模型和线性模型与实测系列之间联系度的对比，对2个模型的拟合结果和预测效果进行评价，结果表明,TR模型优于线性模型。与其他水文预测模型评估方法相比，集对评估方法具有评价信息全面、计算简便和实用的特点。  

Investigation and assessment on mountain tunnels and geotechnical damage after the Wenchuan earthquake

On May 12, 2008, a strong earthquake with a magnitude of 8.0 (Ms) struck Wenchuan town, in the eastern Sichuan area of west China. Following the earthquake on May 18, the Southwest Jiaotong University organized a damage survey team and dispatched it to the affected area for the investigation into the damage and collection of information and data. This paper outlines the findings of this investigation on the earthquake disaster to mountain tunnels and geotechnical engineering. The systematic investigation, involving geological conditions, design documents, construction and maintenance records of the tunnels, has been conducted and the degree of damage to investigated tunnels has been assessed according to the width and length of cracks, the stability of the slope above the tunnel, and the condition of the groundwater inrush. The results show that the major damage of the mountain tunnels was mainly concentrated in the tunnel portals due to widespread landslides and rockfalls, and the inner part of investigated tunnels suffered moderate damages mainly due to fault displacements. It is hoped that the information shared herein could enhance the outstanding of seismic behavior of mountain tunnels and improve seismic design and construction procedures.  

基于神经网络和属性距离矩阵的中药方剂功效归约算法

针对中药方剂功效归纳问题，提出了一种基于人工神经网络新的高维数据归约方法。新方法利用属性间先验的相似信息，得到属性距离矩阵，然后将矩阵引入神经网络，通过训练神经网络得到最终数据归约结果。依据这个方法实现了一个中药方剂分析系统。实验表明，新方法在中药方剂功效的自动归纳中获得很好的效果。  

基于熵权的改进TOPSIS法在水质评价中的应用

考虑到TOPSIS法在进行综合评价时的不足之处,提出了运用垂直距离来代替欧氏距离进行水质综合评价,并引入信息熵来计算各评价指标的权重以避免权重确定的主观性,建立了基于熵权的改进TOPSIS水质评价模型.结合邯郸市地下水水质评价进行了应用,表明其计算简便,思路清晰,结果令人满意,适合于水质评价.  

汶川地震堰塞湖分布规律与风险评估

2008年5月12日，中国四川汶川发生里氏8.0级地震，对四川和甘肃的13个县市造成了严重破坏。强烈的主震和余震在地震区造成了大量的滚石、崩塌、滑坡、泥石流、碎屑流等次生山地灾害，大规模滑坡崩塌堵断河道形成堰塞湖。利用5月15日～28日期间基本覆盖重灾区的124幅ADS40航空影像，解译出地震滑坡和崩塌堵塞河道形成的存留时间14天以上的堰塞湖256处。遥感调查发现，堰塞湖集中沿地震破裂带呈带分布，沿河流成串珠状分布的特征；堰塞湖数量分布与地震破裂带距离的关系符合对数衰减规律，负相关系数达到0.9699。结合部分野外实际考察资料，选择物质组成、坝体结构、坝高和最大库容等作为堰塞湖危险性评估指标，制定出极高危险、高危险、中危险和低危险四个危险等级，对查明有危害的32个堰塞湖进行了溃决危险性分级和排序，除已经溢流的11处堰塞湖以外，共分出极高危险的1处、高危险的7处、中危险的5处和低危险的8处。评价结果全部被国家抗震救灾指挥部水利组采纳，用于堰塞湖应急排险工程布设，在堰塞湖应急排险中发挥了作用。并且，对堰塞湖的发展趋势进行了分析，震后5至10年内，由于斜坡失稳，物源丰富，仍有可能产生新的大规模滑坡和泥石流，堵塞河流形成堰塞湖；但随着其后滑坡和泥石流活动趋于减弱，堰塞湖的形成概率将逐渐降低。  

Variable universe adaptive fuzzy control on the quadruple inverted pendulum

This paper focuses on the control problem of the quadruple inverted pendulum by variable universe adaptive fuzzy control. First, the mathematical model on the quadruple inverted pendulum is described and its controllability is versified. Then, an efficient controller on the quadruple inverted pendulum is designed by using variable universe adaptive fuzzy control theory. Finally the simulation of the quadruple inverted pendulum is shown in detail. Besides, the experimental results on the hardware systems, i.e. real object systems, on a single inverted pendulum, a double inverted pendulum and a triple inverted pendulum are briefly introduced.  

Theory of generalized tautology in revised Kleene system

This paper is a complement and extension of the theory of generalized tautology which was first proposed by Wang Guojun in revised Kleene system, Some interesting results are obtained: (i) accessible *+ -tautology and generalized contradiction which are dual theory to generalized tautology have been introduced; (ii) congruence partition about has been given in logic system W, W, Wk; (iii) in logic system Wk , tautologies can be obtained by employing the upgrade algorithm at most[k+1/2] times to an arbitrary formula; (iv) in logic system W( W) , tautologies cannot be obtained by employing upgrade algorithm to non-tautologies within finitely many times; (v) the deduction rule ( [ (1/2)+ ] - MP] ho|ds in logic system W( W) .  

基于模糊模式识别的径流特性分析

为了探讨河流天然径流的演变规律，引入模糊模式识别的理论和方法对流量序列进行研究，给出了基于模糊聚类的径流丰枯特性分析的方法；在对径流丰、中、枯聚类基础上提出了基于模糊模式识别的多维丰枯周期特性分析方法。以嘉陵江支流白龙江下游的三磊坝水文站多年月平均流量数据为例，得出了该站径流各年的丰枯特点、丰枯周期及相应的隶属度。该方法的多维径流特性分析结果与分析尺度和数据维数有关。