基于光敏自组装多层膜的液晶光控取向膜

采用layer-by-layer(LBL)的方法，将基板依次在具有光敏双键的季铵盐水溶液和聚乙烯基苯磺酸钠水溶液中浸泡，石英基板表面形成了自组装多层沉积膜。经线性偏振紫外光辐照后，LBL多层膜表现出明显的紫外吸收各向异性。将两片带有各向异性薄膜的基板做成平行液晶器件。在正交的偏光显微镜下观察，发现取得均一、稳定的取向效果。该种光控取向膜有望用作LCoS微显示的取向层。     

细胞固定化催化生产精细化学品的研究进展Q

摘要：细胞固定化技术具有流程简单、生物相容、操作稳定等优点，可有效保证细胞活性，实现高效的细胞催化生产精细化学品。本文介绍了表面附着、凝胶包埋、聚电解质层层自组装膜等多细胞固定化方法，及其在二元醇、生物乙醇、乳酸、酯、多糖等精细化学品生产中的研究现状和进展，并分析讨论了各种方法存在的问题。同时，总结了近年来新发展的单细胞纳米涂层固定化方法的机理、趋势及应用于精细化学品生产的可能性。最后对细胞固定化催化生产精细化学品面临的技术挑战及研究方向做出展望，以期为精细化学品生产提供一定的技术支持。     

席夫碱结构对Cu缓蚀作用的影响

用自组装技术使席夫碱在Cu表面自组装成膜,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、交流阻抗方法及量子化学法研究了席夫碱结构对Cu缓蚀作用的影响.结果表明:席夫碱类化合物在发挥其活性时应以接受电子为主,此类化合物的亚胺或甲亚胺特性基团(-RC=N-)和苯环上的-OH是该类化合物的主要活性区,席夫碱苯环的-H被给电子基团取代会提高对Cu的缓蚀效率,且取代基团越靠进-C=N-,形成的螯合物越稳定,缓蚀效率越高.     

Electrochemical studies of octadecanethiol and octanethiol films on variable surface area mercury sessile drops

Octadecanethiol (ODT) and octanethiol (OT) films at the mercury-electrolyte interface are examined using cyclic voltammetry and differential capacitance measurements at a single frequency. A mercury flow-system is used to alter the volume, and therefore, the surface area and surface pressure of the mercury electrode. Manipulation of the mercury electrode's volume enables the introduction and removal of defects in the insulating thiol films. OT and ODT film behavior are contrasted under conditions of expansion and contraction. ODT forms extremely impermeable layers that allow 1000 time less redox probe current than seen on uncoated drops. Expansion of the mercury electrode to increase the electrode surface area produces defects and pinholes in the thiol film. These defects are almost completely removed when the drop is compressed back to its initial surface area. OT also forms insulating films on mercury sessile drops, however these films contain more defects than ODT films. While expansion of an OT-coated mercury drop increases redox probe current, recompression of the drop does not return the film to its initial condition. Pinholes and defects in the OT and ODT films can also be produced by cycling to negative potentials, which produce abrupt stripping peaks.     

Advanced Characterization and Optimization of NiOx:Cu-SAM Hole-Transporting Bi-Layer for 23.4% Efficient Monolithic Cu(In,Ga)Se2-Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

The performance of five hole-transporting layers (HTLs) is investigated in both single-junction perovskite and Cu(In, Ga)Se₂ (CIGSe)-perovskite tandem solar cells: nickel oxide (NiO_x,), copper-doped nickel oxide (NiO_x:Cu), NiO_x+SAM, NiO_x:Cu+SAM, and SAM, where SAM is the [2-(3,-6Dimethoxy-9H-carbazol-9yl)ethyl]phosphonic acid (MeO-2PACz) self-assembled monolayer. The performance of the devices is correlated to the charge-carrier dynamics at the HTL/perovskite interface and the limiting factors of these HTLs are analyzed by performing time-resolved and absolute photoluminescence ((Tr)PL), transient surface photovoltage (tr-SPV), and X-ray/UV photoemission spectroscopy (XPS/UPS) measurements on indium tin oxide (ITO)/HTL/perovskite and CIGSe/HTL/perovskite stacks. A high quasi-Fermi level splitting to open-circuit (QFLS-V_oc) deficit is detected for the NiO_x-based devices, attributed to electron trapping and poor hole extraction at the NiO_x-perovskite interface and a low carrier effective lifetime in the bulk of the perovskite. Simultaneously, doping the NiO_x with 2% Cu and passivating its surface with MeO-2PACz suppresses the electron trapping, enhances the holes extraction, reduces the non-radiative interfacial recombination, and improves the band alignment. Due to this superior interfacial charge-carrier dynamics, NiO_x:Cu+SAM is found to be the most suitable HTL for the monolithic CIGSe-perovskite tandem devices, enabling a power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.4%, V_oc of 1.72V, and a fill factor (FF) of 71%, while the remaining four HTLs suffer from prominent V_oc and FF losses.     

熔体静电纺的电场分布对三维自组装聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯纤维膜形貌的影响

熔体静电纺可自组装三维锥状纤维膜。借助ANSYS软件模拟熔体静电纺反纺工艺不同参数(纺丝电压、接收距离、接收板面积)条件下的电场分布,探讨电场分布对熔体静电纺三维自组装聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)纤维膜几何结构与纤维形貌的影响。结果表明,在单喷嘴-平板结构模型中,提高电压将整体增强空间电场强度,同时电场不均匀性也被放大,所纺三维PET纤维膜尺寸(底面积、厚度、质量)有所增加,纤维膜锥角变小,纤维直径明显下降;接收距离的改变对接收板表面的电场影响显著,随着接收距离的增加,纤维膜尺寸有所减小,当接收距离较小时,纤维膜顶端锥角仅为56°,而纤维直径变化不大;接收板面积的缩小可以改善喷嘴与接收板间及接收板表面电场分布的均匀性,纤维膜尺寸增加,纤维膜锥角逐渐变小,纤维膜表面的镂空现象明显,所纺纤维平均直径稍有减小。     

铜和铜合金表面自组装缓蚀膜的研究进展

在铜和铜合金表面构建自组装膜是一种有效简单的防护方法.综述了近年来铜和铜合金表面自组装缓蚀膜的研究进程及存在的问题,并指出了有关铜和铜合金自组装缓蚀膜的发展方向.     

铜表面修饰硅烷膜在碱性溶液中的耐蚀性能研究

为了提高铜的耐蚀性,用自组装技术在铜表面上制备了3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MPTS)自组装膜. 利用红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜研究了该膜的结构,运用极化曲线和交流阻抗图谱等电化学方法考察了 MPTS膜在0.5 mol/L NaOH溶液中对铜电极的缓蚀性能.结果表明,MPTS在铜表面可能以化学吸附方式强烈吸附到铜表面, 同时在表面以Si-O-Si键自我交联形成了线性低聚物, MPTS浓度越高, 其膜更致密.与裸铜电极相比,经MPTS修饰后的铜的腐蚀电位正移200 mV, 腐蚀电流降低一个数量级,其缓蚀效率为86.5%.     

分子自组装方法与应用研究

介绍了分子自组装的基本概念，总结了几类分子自组装的合成方法及相应领域的最新进展，文中还介绍了表征分子自组装体系的分析方法。     

仿生法制备功能陶瓷薄膜材料

介绍了一种新的功能陶瓷薄膜制备方法——仿生法。该方法不同于传统的湿化学方法，如水热合成法、熔胶凝胶法、电化学法等，其突出特点是无外加电场，不需要调制熔胶或者凝胶，可以在常温常压下合成。该方法涉及两个关键点：基板表面的修饰和溶液条件的控制。我们在基板(单晶硅，玻璃等)的表面通过化学吸附的方式生长了一层自组织单分子层，然后将这层单分子层部分暴露在紫外光下，使暴露部分发生光化学反应，从而生成与未暴露部分不同的新的官能团。以此为模板，在适合的溶液条件下(溶液的过饱和度等)，通过溶液与模板表面官能团之间的选择性的物理化学作用，实现了从溶液中直接制备位置、形貌、结晶形态等可控的功能陶瓷薄膜。作者以SrTiO3为例简单介绍了这种新的合成方法。