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A new fuel consumption standard for passenger vehicles in China, the so-called Phase 3 standard, was approved technically in 2009 and will take effect in 2012. This standard aims to introduce advanced energy-saving technologies into passenger vehicles and to reduce the average fuel consumption rate of Chinese new passenger vehicle fleet in 2015 to 7 L/100 km. The Phase 3 standard follows the evaluating system by specifying fuel consumption targets for sixteen individual mass-based classes. Different from compliance with the Phases 1 and 2 fuel consumption standards, compliance of the Phase 3 standard is based on corporate average fuel consumption (CAFC) rates for individual automobile companies. A transition period from 2012 to 2014 is designed for manufacturers to gradually adjust their production plans and introduce fuel-efficient technologies. In this paper, we, the designers of the Phase 3 standard, present the design of the overall fuel consumption reduction target, technical feasibility, and policy implications of the Phase 3 standard. We also explore several enforcement approaches for the Phase 3 standard with financial penalties of non-compliance as a priority. Finally, we estimate the overall effect of the Phase 3 standard on oil savings and CO2 emission reductions. 相似文献
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针对声压级不能完全反映人耳对声音感受的问题,文章选择多种工况对电动汽车驱动电机高频边带噪声进行客观心理学参量评价。首先,进行驱动电机噪声数据采集实验并建立样本库。其次,计算样本的客观心理学参量并运用主成分分析法进行贡献量分析,并将客观心理学参量的六个维度降低至两个维度。最后,研究多种工况下两种客观心理学参量的变化规律,尤其对随机载波频率脉宽调制(Random Carrier Frequency Pulse Width Modulation, RCFPWM)策略下电机高频边带噪声进行客观评价对比分析。结果表明,主成分分析法(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)实现了多维客观心理学参量的降维,高频边带噪声中客观心理参量的主要贡献量为尖锐度和响度;不同工况条件对尖锐度和响度存在不同程度的影响,尤其是受转速变化影响较为明显;RCFPWM在降低高频边带噪声声压级的同时实现了对尖锐度幅值的抑制。文章所研究的内容不仅能够简化电机高频边带噪声客观评价流程,而且可以为电驱动总成声品质优化设计提供实验依据。 相似文献
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为解决某型SUV乘用车在中、低速爬坡和高速行驶工况下发动机水温过高的问题,利用一维和三维联合仿真工具建立整车冷却系统的仿真模型,采用试验与仿真相结合的方法,分析单回路和双回路冷却系统、不同冷却管路布置、不同散热器选型,以及不同前端冷却模块结构等对冷却系统热平衡性能的影响.结果 表明:变速箱和发动机相互独立的双回路冷却系统可以明显降低发动机的出水温度;冷却系统管路的布置对冷却液流量分配有一定影响,但对冷却液温度影响较小;通过散热器优化选型并改进机舱前端冷却模块的结构,可以改善机舱流场特性,增大冷却系统的进风量,进而提升冷却系统的散热性能. 相似文献
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阐述了常用汽车生产轻量化材料的加工工艺方法,并详细介绍了其工艺分类、工艺原理以及工艺特点,指出了加工工艺的技术难点,最后提出了汽车轻量化研究的热点和发展趋势,对轻量化设计具有一定的参考作用。 相似文献
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The electromagnetic compatibility of electric vehicles is not only the important technology issue in researches,development and industrialization of electric vehicles,but also the key research area of ... 相似文献