Investigation of structural,optical, magnetic,and dielectric properties of calcium hexaferrite synthesized in presence of Azadirachta indica and Murraya koenigii leaves extract

M-type calcium hexaferrite- CaFe₁₂O₁₉ (CaM) has been prepared in presence of Azadirachta indica, and Murraya koenigii leaves extracts, followed by calcination at 650 °C for 3h. It was observed that the presence of phytochemicals in both leaves extract plays a vital role in deciding the structural, optical, microstructural, magnetic, and dielectric properties of prepared CaM hexaferrites. Prepared samples were characterized using FT-IR, XRD, UV–Vis, SEM, VSM, and dielectric measurements. FTIR, UV– Vis, and antioxidant assay confirmed the presence of phenolic content and antioxidant property of plant extract. This further resulted in the formation of a pure hexagonal phase as revealed by the XRD analysis. The surface morphology of prepared ferrites modified through this greener route was illustrated by the spongy appearance of ferrites in SEM micrographs.The saturation magnetization for the CaM powder prepared using Murraya koenigii leaves extract is 11.78 Am²/kg, while that prepared from Azadirachta indica leaves extract is 3.56 Am²/kg. Both samples show a magnetically soft nature, with a multidomain structure. The energy bandgap was also observed to be 2.01 eV. Moreover, the calcium ferrite synthesized by Murraya koenigii leaves had ε’_max ～ 25 and that synthesized in presence of Azadirachta indica leaves had ε’_max ～ 200 at ～20 Hz.     

含偶氮基团的弯曲型分子的光谱特性研究

偶氮连接基团(—NN—)有着特殊的热化学和光化学行为,在适当波长光的照射下,能发生可逆的顺反异构反应,从而发生吸收波长的变化。在分子设计、光定位、光致变色和热致变色等方面,偶氮连接基团的非线性光化学性质都有着潜在的应用价值。文章以含有偶氮基作为侧翼的弯曲型分子作为研究对象,比较了弯曲型和直线型分子的吸收光谱;并用计算机模拟计算了弯曲型分子的角度,发现分子弯曲角和紫外可见吸收光谱存在着密切的关系。     

含偶氮基团的不对称弯曲型液晶分子的合成及其光谱特性

合成了6个含偶氮基团的具有不同苯环个数的不对称弯曲型液晶分子,用1 H NMR、HRMS表征其结构,采用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和偏光显微镜(POM)研究其液晶性能。考察结果表明:所有化合物均出现了液晶相,特别是含有3个苯环的分子在较低温度下出现了向列相;偶氮基团的吸收光谱在330～360nm出现了较强的由π-π*电子跃迁引起的吸收,在430～450nm出现了较弱的由n-π*电子跃迁引起的吸收,其吸收波长的变化表明分子的弯曲形状和电子分布使分子吸收波长有较大的变化。     

sol-gel法制备ZAO薄膜的结构与光学性能研究

采用溶胶—凝胶法在普通玻璃衬底上制备了ZAO(ZnO:A1)薄膜,利用XRD、SEM、紫外—可见光谱和光致发光光谱对所制备的AZO薄膜进行了表征,研究了ZAO薄膜的结构和光学性能.结果表明:ZAO薄膜的微晶晶相与ZnO一致,且具有c轴择优取向;ZAO薄膜在可见光区的透过率超过了88％,在350～575 nm范围内有强的...     

可溶性纳米PANI-DBSA复合物光电性能研究

通过乳液聚合法制备纳米聚苯胺,使用十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)作为掺杂剂,在聚苯胺链上引入直链烷基,得到可溶性纳米聚苯胺(PANI-DBSA)复合物。研究了DBSA含量对PANI-DBSA复合物溶解度和电导率的影响,及制备过程中聚苯胺的生成和最终产物的紫外-可见光特征。结果表明:聚苯胺颗粒分散性好,粒径为20～100nm,当DBSA与苯胺单体摩尔比为3.0时,聚合物在甲苯中的溶解度最高为3.76%,当DBSA与苯胺单体摩尔比为1.0,聚合物导电性最好,电导率为250.4S/m。PANI-DBSA复合物在波长300～800nm具有良好的吸收性能。     

Use of a Reflectance Spectroscopy Accessory for Optical Characterization of ZnO-Bi(2)O(3)-TiO(2) Ceramics

The optical band-gap energy (E(g)) is an important feature of semiconductors which determines their applications in optoelectronics. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the electronic states of ceramic ZnO and the effect of doped impurities under different processing conditions. E(g) of the ceramic ZnO + xBi(2)O(3) + xTiO(2), where x = 0.5 mol%, was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer attached to a Reflectance Spectroscopy Accessory for powdered samples. The samples was prepared using the solid-state route and sintered at temperatures from 1140 to 1260 °C for 45 and 90 minutes. E(g) was observed to decrease with an increase of sintering temperature. XRD analysis indicated hexagonal ZnO and few small peaks of intergranular layers of secondary phases. The relative density of the sintered ceramics decreased and the average grain size increased with the increase of sintering temperature.     

用紫外可见分光光度法监测2-甲基-5-硝基咪唑的合成反应进程

建立了以紫外可见分光光度法跟踪监测2-甲基-5-硝基咪唑的合成反应进程的方法,同时确定了用固体酸催化合成该化合物的最佳反应时间为9 h.该方法简便、实用、快速,适用于该类化合物的合成跟踪分析.     

电致发光材料三芳胺聚合物的能带结构表征

采用循环伏安(CV)法结合紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱表征了4种新型电致发光材料三芳胺聚合物TPD(PTPD)的能带结构,并对引入的基团及分子结构对其能带结构的影响进行了探讨。结果表明,从聚合物TPD和小分子TPD的UV-VIS吸收光谱的最大吸收来看,聚合后TPD的能带结构没有太大的改变。从循环伏安图看出,材料的具有较好电化学稳定性。并制成了ITO(氧化铟锡)/PTPD/Alq3(8-羟基喹啉铝)/Mg:Ag异质结电致发光器件,与典型的ITO/TPD/Alq3/Mg:Ag器件进行了比较,研究发现其器件的稳定性有的明显提高。     

Measurement of phenols dearomatization via electrolysis: The UV-Vis solid phase extraction method

Dearomatization levels during electrochemical oxidation of p-methoxyphenol (PMP) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) have been determined through UV-Vis spectroscopy using solid phase extraction (UV-Vis/SPE). The results show that the method is satisfactory to determine the ratio between aromatic compounds and aliphatic acids and reaction kinetics parameters during treatment of wastewater, in agreement with results obtained from numerical deconvolution of UV-Vis spectra. Analysis of solutions obtained from electrolysis of substituted phenols on antimony-doped tin oxide (SnO₂Sb) showed that an electron acceptor substituting group favored the aromatic ring opening reaction, preventing formation of intermediate quinone during oxidation.     

In situ IR,Raman, and UV-Vis DRS spectroscopy of supported vanadium oxide catalysts during methanol oxidation

The application of in situ Raman, IR, and UV-Vis DRS spectroscopies during steady-state methanol oxidation has demonstrated that the molecular structures of surface vanadium oxide species supported on metal oxides are very sensitive to the coordination and H-bonding effects of adsorbed methoxy surface species. Specifically, a decrease in the intensity of spectral bands associated with the fully oxidized surface (V⁵⁺) vanadia active phase occurred in all three studied spectroscopies during methanol oxidation. The terminal V = O (∼1030 cm⁻¹) and bridging V–O–V (∼900–940 cm⁻¹) vibrational bands also shifted toward lower frequency, while the in situ UV-Vis DRS spectra exhibited shifts in the surface V⁵⁺ LMCT band (>25,000 cm⁻¹) to higher edge energies. The magnitude of these distortions correlates with the concentration of adsorbed methoxy intermediates and is most severe at lower temperatures and higher methanol partial pressures, where the surface methoxy concentrations are greatest. Conversely, spectral changes caused by actual reductions in surface vanadia (V⁵⁺) species to reduced phases (V³⁺/V⁴⁺) would have been more severe at higher temperatures. Moreover, the catalyst (vanadia/silica) exhibiting the greatest shift in UV-Vis DRS edge energy did not exhibit any bands from reduced V³⁺/V⁴⁺ phases in the d–d transition region (10,000–30,000 cm⁻¹), even though d–d transitions were detected in vanadia/alumina and vanadia/zirconia catalysts. Therefore, V⁵⁺ spectral signals are generally not representative of the percent vanadia reduction during the methanol oxidation redox cycle, although estimates made from the high temperature, low methoxy surface coverage IR spectra suggest that the catalyst surfaces remain mostly oxidized during steady-state methanol oxidation (15–25% vanadia reduction). Finally, adsorbed surface methoxy intermediate species were easily detected with in situ IR spectroscopy during methanol oxidation in the C–H stretching region (2800–3000 cm⁻¹) for all studied catalysts, the vibrations occurring at different frequencies depending on the specific metal oxide upon which they chemisorb. However, methoxy bands were only found in a few cases using in situ Raman spectroscopy due to the sensitivity of the Raman scattering cross-sections to the specific substrate onto which the surface methoxy species are adsorbed. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.